Separating an egg from the shell is quite difficult. When cleaning, small pieces of the shell get inside the egg, which causes a number of inconveniences. This can be avoided thanks to special scissors for quail eggs. The device should grab the bottom of the egg, and cut off the top. It turns out a neat cut.

In addition, quail eggs can be boiled, fried, used to prepare various sauces, cocktails.

Due to the small size of the product, the heat treatment time is:

• soft-boiled - 1-2 minutes,
• hard-boiled - up to 5 minutes.

Also, powdered shells are used as a vitamin supplement. According to doctors, the shell contains 90% of calcium carbonate, which is necessary to maintain healthy teeth, the musculoskeletal system, and maintain the protective functions of the body during periods of beriberi. It is recommended to take children in the first year of life to avoid calcium deficiency.

Useful properties of quail eggs

It is good for adults and children to eat. They increase immunity during seasonal epidemics, their use improves memory, increases efficiency.

1. With diabetes. Quail eggs are used as a product of the treatment of the disease at an early stage. Patients are known to have elevated blood cholesterol levels. And the product is a source of lecithin, which prevents the accumulation and formation of cholesterol plaques. Initially, you need to take 3 eggs per day, gradually increasing the amount to 6 pieces, raw and on an empty stomach. For a course of treatment, you should eat 250 pcs.
2. With gastritis. People suffering from gastritis and other gastrointestinal diseases include quail eggs in their diet. But it should also be consumed raw. Thus, they envelop the stomach, removing signs of nausea, reduce acidity.
3. With diet food aimed at reducing body weight. The advantage of quail eggs is complete digestibility by the body and relatively few calories.
4. For hair. Quail eggs are a universal remedy that has a healing effect for all types of hair. Masks, which include quail eggs, make hair thicker, strengthen weak hair, and increase growth.

Not recommended for people with liver and kidney disease. If you are allergic to egg yolk or protein, the use of any eggs is contraindicated. People suffering from atopic dermatitis are not recommended to use even hypoallergenic quail eggs.

Quail eggs are a necessary product that can replace a vitamin and mineral complex. Use it often and stay healthy.

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FEDERAL STATE BUDGET EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

"St. Petersburg State Agrarian University"

INSTITUTE OF LIFELONG PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

(HIGH SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT)

on the topic: "Production, processing of eggs and quail meat"

Completed by: student of group 032123

Egorova Ekaterina Alekseevna

Saint Petersburg - 2013

• 1. Significance of the industry
• 2. Biological and economic features
• 3. Breeds
• 4. Feeding technology
• 5. Fattening quails for meat
• 6. Meat processing
• 7. Egg processing
• Conclusion
• Bibliography

1. Significance of the industry

The quail is the smallest and precocious agricultural bird of the pheasant family of the chicken order. The ease of keeping and feeding allows them to be kept both in the city and in the countryside. She gives up to 300 eggs per year. And the uniqueness of nutritional and dietary properties allows almost everyone to consume quail eggs and meat without restrictions.

In Russia, quail breeding began to develop late - since 1964, when 27 quails were brought from the World Poultry Exhibition to the experimental poultry farm VNIIPP. Later, another 1,000 one-month-old quails were brought from Japan. That is, domestic modern quails are direct descendants of the Japanese. Unfortunately, in the 60s, scientists did not find any advantages of quails in comparison with chickens. But in fact, we have always had plenty of our own quails. Since ancient times, they have been caught in the forests of Kursk, Oryol, Tula, Tambov and Kharkov provinces. Quail fly not very well, mostly run. Several people caught them at once. The most worthy was the one who could well imitate the voice of a bird and thereby lure the birds into the net. At present, the volume of the quail egg market in Russia is estimated at 145 million pieces. per year, quail meat about 600 tons per year. More than 70% of sales are in metropolitan areas. Small towns and rural areas account for less than 10%. When compared with the population, the capacity of the quail egg market in Russia is about 20 times lower than in Japan. A surge of interest in quails in Russia arose against the background of information about the usefulness of their eggs in the rehabilitation of people affected by radiation after the Chernobyl disaster. The experience of their use was described by the OGONEK magazine. Physicians recorded the normalization of appetite in patients, the disappearance of fatigue and pain in the heart, a reduction in complaints of dizziness and nosebleeds. Moreover, the content of hemoglobin in the blood of the children of the experimental group increased, and they gained weight. Doctors issued a verdict: recognize quail eggs as a valuable dietary product and recommend them in the treatment of people exposed to radioactive radiation.

In fact, the Russian market for quail eggs and meat began to develop in the 90s with the advent of small quail herds in private farms and private farmers. Then demand was extremely small due to high prices and the low standard of living of most of the population. The main consumers of quail meat were expensive restaurants. The egg was mainly in demand by wealthy citizens as a medical therapy or dietary food for various diseases. During this period, demand arose, albeit limited, for quail eggs as a baby food product.

The formation of a full-fledged federal market took place in the late 90s - early 2000s with the implementation of major projects at domestic poultry farms. Its development was facilitated by a significant increase in the income level of the population and the expansion of retail chains.

To date, several target consumer groups have formed on the quail egg market, characterized by different motivations.

"Medical Consumption". The oldest segment, which has grown significantly in recent years, as quail eggs have become much more accessible to the general population.

"Children food". The segment began to develop back in the 90s against the backdrop of numerous publications about the exceptional usefulness of quail eggs. Its rapid growth over the past three to four years has been driven mainly by rising revenues and the expansion of retail chains.

"Healthy food". In recent years, in Russia, by analogy with developed Western countries, there has been a fashion for a healthy lifestyle, one of the elements of which is a healthy diet.

"Product for the middle class". The most promising segment Ultimately, its development will determine the ultimate growth potential of the market. In the context of this segment, the quail egg is considered as one of the most widespread products for the middle class. Consumption motivation is determined by a combination of factors, including taste preferences (including those based on the formation of national consumption traditions), high quality and health benefits of the product.

Now quail products are offered by all categories of agricultural producers, from large poultry farms and farmers to households. The absolute leader in production is the Voronezh region, where three poultry farms own half of the country's total capacity. The Krasnodar, Stavropol Territories, Rostov, Samara and Bryansk Regions and many others have high potential.

2. Biological and economic features

Biological and economic features, because of which it is worth breeding quails:

- they are the earliest of poultry, they begin to rush from 40 days, at the age of 2 months they are already quite an adult bird, which can be left to get eggs or used for meat;

- quails are unpretentious, an average of 50 heads can be kept in a 50x95x35 cm cage, a quail needs 20-25 g of feed per day, i.e. up to 1.5 kg in two months, and labor costs are reduced to daily feeding, changing water, house cleaning and egg collection. The norm is 70-80 birds per 1 square. m.;

Quails rarely get sick and can do without vaccination. They are less susceptible to many infectious diseases inherent in other domestic chickens, and quail eggs can be eaten raw, receiving the full range of nutrients, without losing them during heat treatment. This feature makes it possible to obtain environmentally friendly products, without the use of vaccines and antibiotics.

The range of wild quail covers almost the entire Old World. And everywhere this bird is an object of sport hunting. Of the six subspecies now known, which differ little in size and color, the common quail is the most common. It breeds in Europe, North Africa and Asia, and winters in Central Africa and southern Asia, where it spends 7-8 months a year. Inhabits the plains and mountains. Nests on the ground. The clutch contains 9-15 eggs, which the female incubates for 15-17 days. In nutrition, it mainly uses seeds, buds and shoots, less often insects. In the south of Ukraine, the North Caucasus and Central Asia, autumn hunting during the migration of birds to common quail used to become a trade, and the birds were salted for future use in barrels. The total catch for autumn on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus reached several thousand pieces. Hunting with specially trained sparrow hawks is still common in Central Asia and the Caucasus.

Mineral fertilizers and pesticides used in the fields, as well as mass capture, have led to a sharp decrease in the number of quails at the present time.

3. Breeds

Before you start quails, you need to start by preparing the premises, cages and equipment. The bird can be kept both on the floor and in cages, but the room must be dry, warm, bright and clean. Various designs of stationary quail houses with paddocks have been proposed; in principle, they do not differ from ordinary chicken coops. But there are a few nuances that must be taken into account: There should not be any hard-to-reach places inside the room, because. quails, especially young ones, like to hide in all sorts of cracks and other secluded places. Ceilings below 2 m are not desirable, quails often soar upwards at high speed and they need enough space. It is better to stretch a small plastic mesh under the ceiling. The floor of the house is covered with sand, peat or shavings. Mandatory boxes with a sand-ash mixture for dry bathing. The fencing of the poultry house and the paddock is dug into the ground to a depth of at least 30 cm. At the entrance to the room and to the aviary, a vestibule is arranged, otherwise the frisky birds will break free in a moment. The walk and the room are darkened from direct sunlight. Planting density is determined on the basis that one quail needs an area of ​​​​at least 15x20 cm. Excess, as well as lack of space, lead to a decrease in egg production. It is much easier to keep quails in cages, unlike chickens, they feel good in them, it is easier to take care of them and pick up families, you can save a lot of space by installing cages with vertical batteries. At the same time, for 1 sq. m, you can place 200-300 layers and get 200-250 eggs from this mini-farm daily. Cages can be installed in an apartment, a barn, and in the summer right in the garden. The area of ​​cells is determined at the rate of 120-150 square meters. see for each adult bird. The shape and size of the cage can be very different, but it is better, of course, to make it entirely from a welded galvanized mesh with a suitable cell size. Such cages are convenient to use, easy to disinfect and last longer. The simplest and most convenient is the cell-module made of galvanized rigid mesh. The size of the cells in the zone of the drinker and feeder is about 30 mm. Very convenient multi-section cage-shelf. It can be placed both in the apartment and in the poultry house. Feeders, drinkers can be made by yourself, ready-made inventory for decorative birds is also perfect. These are vacuum feeders and drinkers, hanging feeders, baths, mini-cages for transferring birds. What else is desirable to have available: a psychrometer to control the temperature and humidity in the room and in the incubator; bactericidal irradiator - for disinfection of the poultry house and inventory; an ultraviolet lamp of the LUV type and an infrared halogen lamp of the KG type; brooding umbrella for young animals; ovoscope for control of hatching eggs. Domestic quail has lost the incubation instinct, so an incubator is also needed. To hatch quails, you can successfully use chickens of dwarf breeds or domestic pigeons, but the incubator is more reliable. If only two or three chickens are needed, then it is easier to buy them on the ad, and not try to hatch in an incubator. This is due to the fact that 3-5 hatched chicks are very difficult to grow. Quails feel calmer when there are a lot of them. If there are several chicks, then they will squeak all the time, and it will be difficult to protect them from stress and death.

In order for pets to regularly rush and feel good, certain conditions for keeping quails must be observed. This is, first of all, the temperature and light conditions, as well as feeding a balanced diet with a high protein content. The rest of the quail is a rather unpretentious bird. The room in which cages for quails are installed can be with or without windows (windows are undoubtedly better) but with good ventilation, providing fresh air (at least 1.5 m³ / h per 1 kg of live weight of birds in cold weather). time and 5 m/h in warm weather). Such air exchange is simply necessary for the intensive metabolism of quails. But at the same time, there should be no drafts in the room where quails are kept, quails are especially sensitive to them, one of the first signs of the presence of drafts is the loss of feathers in birds. Quails become almost naked, egg production decreases and mortality increases. The optimum temperature for good egg-laying is 19-20 C, fluctuations from 18 ° to 25 ° C are acceptable. At temperatures below 16 ° C, the female may stop laying eggs. Birds painfully tolerate temperature changes, drafts and cold, they can die from crowding. But nevertheless, cases of keeping quails in unheated rooms in winter at a temperature in the cage zone in the range of 5-12 C are described, and at the same time the quails continue to rush. The length of daylight hours is an important factor in good egg production and viability of quails, and at the same time on lighting the room, but excessive lighting is harmful - in bright light, the bird becomes overexcited and pecking is provoked. It is enough to use incandescent lamps of 40-50 W or fluorescent lamps (LDC-40) for lighting in the cell area. To obtain a breeding egg, the light must be on for 17 hours, the regime must be observed - the lighting will turn on and off at the same time, this rule applies to all other activities - feeding, collecting eggs, etc. Humidity in a room where adult quails are kept should not be lower than 55%. Lower humidity for a long time leads to a decrease in appetite and, accordingly, a decrease in egg production, plumage becomes brittle, quails become disheveled. In this case, it is necessary to humidify the air, pour water on the floor and place containers with water for evaporation. More often, low humidity occurs in summer or in heavily heated rooms. It is also undesirable to increase the humidity above 75%. The optimum humidity is 60-70% for quails of any age.

4. Feeding technology

Proper feeding of quails- the most important task of the poultry farmer. The vast majority of quail health disorders are due to improper feeding.

Quails can consume a wide variety of food. The main condition is that the feed be fresh, not moldy, without harmful impurities - salt and other chemicals. Dry food can be poured into the feeder with a margin.

Any wet food should not be left in the feeders for more than two hours, otherwise it will start to turn sour and may poison the birds. In addition, wet food should be mixed with some kind of cereal for greater crumbliness. Sticky, liquid, viscous food clogs the birds' beaks, nostrils, and stains the feather.

The most suitable quail feed is compound feed for laying hens. Broiler feed is somewhat worse, although it is also suitable. Chicken feed consumption is about 1 kg per quail per month.

Home-made most acceptable food for quails is a mixture of various crushed cereals (barley, oatmeal, semolina, rice chips, etc.), ground white bread crackers (black bread can also be used in small quantities) with the addition of protein products and vitamins.

The protein portion of the feed should make up about one-fifth of the diet. It can be boiled meat or meat and bone meal, boiled fish or fish meal, boiled eggs or egg powder, cottage cheese or powdered milk. Excellent protein supplements can serve as food for fish - maggot (fly larvae), dried hamarus, etc.

Quail feedingv.As vitamin supplements, you can use ready-made mixtures for quails or laying hens. They are sold in pet stores and feed stores. The dosage is indicated on the package. If it is not possible to buy special vitamins for birds, buy multivitamins at a regular pharmacy (Kvadevit is best, Gendevit or Undevit is also suitable), crush them and mix with food. A day for ten birds requires 1 vitamin pill.

Even if you regularly use a multivitamin, it is useful to add vitamin D to the feed from time to time. The daily requirement of a quail for vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) is 3000 IU. Remember that vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) acts on the body of a bird 30-40 times stronger than D2, respectively, the daily requirement of one quail for vitamin D3-100 ME.

In addition to vitamin supplements, quail must receive minerals. To do this, make a small separate feeder. It should always contain crushed eggshells.

In addition to the shell, you can use ground shells of sea, river or land mollusks, school chalk (special fodder chalk is even better). It is useful to add fine (2-3 mm in size) clean gravel here.

In cases where the quail lives with parrots and other ornamental birds, it willingly pecks at their grain mixture. It is important to ensure that this mixture does not include unpeeled oats. Peeling off unpeeled oats by quails can lead to disruption of the stomach and cause the death of the bird. The best supplement is red millet.

Quails eat greens with pleasure - wood lice, finely chopped gout, germinated oats, etc. Very fond of grated carrots, ripe apples. However, you should not feed too many vegetables and fruits to quails, otherwise they will give small eggs or stop laying altogether.

All quail nutrition components must be carefully balanced, only in this case the bird will be cheerful and healthy!

Feeding quails is better 3 or 4 times a day at the same time, distributing the feeding time evenly throughout the daylight hours.

Adult female quails need to get 21-25% crude protein in their feed. You should monitor the amount of protein almost daily. The lack or excess of protein is immediately displayed on the number and weight of eggs laid. With a lack of protein, females rarely rush, laid eggs are small, pecking often occurs. With an excess of protein in the feed, these birds often lay two-yolk eggs that are not suitable for incubation.

A long-term violation of protein metabolism is harmful to the health of quails. Conventional poultry feeds tend to be deficient in protein. Therefore, to a complete poultry feed, for example, PC-1, you should add 2 g of a protein source (cottage cheese, fish, minced meat, etc.) per day per bird. If you do not have compound feed, add 12 grams of protein feed per day for each adult female (Japanese breed) to the crushed grain mixture. For females who stop laying eggs due to age, the amount of protein in the diet is reduced. The need for protein in domestic, egg-laying breeds is higher than that of ordinary wild quails kept in captivity.

Vitamin feed for quails should be given in quantities that do not limit the needs of this type of bird.

The largest portion of food (? 40%), especially grain, is given to quails in the evening. Grain feed is digested more slowly than others by the bird, so the quail will not get very hungry overnight.

It is not recommended to overfeed laying hens; for better egg production, birds should experience slight hunger and peck food with appetite. However, some quail breeders argue that birds should always have food. Over-caring for your pets can cause the bird to become lethargic and possibly fat. Egg production, with this method of feeding, is somewhat reduced, feed consumption is overestimated. However, in large farms, quails, when properly maintained and cared for, are often fed from bunker feeders. Combined feed is poured into the bunker feeders, based on the daily intake.

The quality of feeding can be judged by the strength of the eggshell and the condition of the bird droppings. Normally, the litter is of a dense consistency, dark in color with a white coating of uric acid. Liquid litter of a dark green color or with blood inclusions indicates a bird's disease or salt poisoning. Yellow is a sign of excess carbohydrate, and black is probably from excess protein. In diarrhea it is useful to give oatmeal or rice water instead of water.

Fattening of quails for meat, usually males and culled females from 30 days of age, as well as adult birds after using them to obtain eggs and specially grown batches of young animals (with industrial keeping of quails). To do this, they are placed in cages with solid walls installed in a dark place, feeders and drinkers are placed outside the cages. The bird gets food and water through narrow longitudinal slots in the front and rear walls of the cage.

The cage for 35 quails has a width of 760 mm, a height of 35 mm. Cells can be arranged in 5-6 tiers. Feed the bird in the same way as an adult. You can increase the content of feed fat and corn in the diet. Quail fattening gives good results with a diet: 80% feed for broilers + 20% boiled peas. It is impossible to transfer quails sharply to a fattening diet, they can get sick and even die. It is necessary to replace one diet with another within 3-4 days, for example, on the first day, give 60-50% of the old feed, replace the rest of the required feed with a new one, and thus gradually replace the old feed with a new one.

5. Fattening quails for meat

Quail fattening for meat lasts 3-4 weeks. Females and males are kept separately in different cages. In well-fed quails, a layer of subcutaneous fat is visible on the chest, while the average weight of 2-month-old egg quails is 110-130 g, meat quails are 160-200 g.

After that, intermittent lighting is used for females: 1 hour of light, 2 hours of darkness, the light is not bright; for males, daylight hours should be reduced to 8 hours, and the light should not be bright. At this time, the amount of feed per day is also increased, if usually 2.8-3 g of feed is consumed per day for quail feed, then this amount is increased during fattening.

They also take quail for fattening at the first culling. Usually these are quails with weak or twisted limbs and other defects. Such quails are kept separately, the limbs are preliminarily tied with simple threads. After 5 days, the threads are cut, the limbs are released, otherwise the threads will grow into the legs, which will cause pain and loss of appetite. Since the quail are weak, the first day they are watered and hand-fed until they get stronger. They are fed with mashed hard-boiled eggs, as well as cottage cheese, curdled milk, and sifted mixed fodder.

After a week, all surviving and strengthened quails are transplanted into a darkened cage with individual compartments (limiting bird movements), which allows them to be fattened from 22 to 25 days (the carcass reaches 80-100 g, the meat of such a quail is juicy and tender). Another feeding option. Quails are grown up to 45 days, then planted for 10 days in the appropriate cage for fattening (the carcass reaches 180-200 g). Quails are allocated to such a group during the second culling, when they are divided by sex, in the presence of extra males.

For fattening quails for meat, five-tiered cell batteries of the Victoria company were brought to some of our farms from Italy. In each cell of such a battery, 200-250 quails of the same age are placed. The cages are made of metal rods coated with thin layers of perchlorovinyl. Batteries are installed in a darkened room. Feeders and drinkers are located on the outer sides of each cage.

Fattening quails for meat 3 times a day ad libitum. In the morning and in the evening they give a grain mixture (corn, millet) with the addition of 5% fodder fat. During the day, feed mixture for adult quails is used. The composition of the diet is shown in table 10.

According to B. Domanskaya (1973), good results in fattening are obtained by using 20% ​​steamed peas mixed with feed for broilers. In Japan, when fattening young males and females after oviposition, only grain feed is given for two to three weeks. This method is very simple and convenient.

Adult quails are transferred to fattening quails for meat at the age of 9-10 months and when the egg production of females decreases to 50%. In this case, the females are separated from the males, but they are placed in the same room in different cages. The duration of daylight hours is reduced to 10 hours per day, the intensity of lighting is reduced. It is necessary to constantly monitor that there are no drafts in the room and that the temperature is maintained at 20-22 ° C.

When feeding quails of any age, you can not immediately change the food. An abrupt transition from one feed mixture to another can lead to diseases and even death of the bird. Therefore, quails are transferred to a diet intended for fattening for three to four days.

The most effective fattening of quails is carried out on feed mixtures with an energy-protein ratio of 150 or more. To increase the calorie content of the feed, 3-5% feed fat (phosphatides, technical fat or fuse) is introduced into the diet.

6. Meat processing

Quail meat contains 25-27% dry matter, 21-22% protein, 2.5-4.0% fat. In the carcass of protein - 18.3, in the fillet - 23.4 percent. In addition, the mass fraction of fillet in the carcass is 37% with a fat content of less than 10%, which characterizes it as a dietary product. According to the chemical composition and taste, quail meat is classified as a dietary product. It contains more vitamins A, B 1, B 2, trace elements (iron, potassium, cobalt, copper) than chicken, pork or beef.

Quail meat is produced in a chilled, frozen, deep-frozen state in the following assortment: carcass, breast, leg, breast fillet.

Quail meat is less represented in the retail trade network and is mainly concentrated in the catering system, which largely explains the extremely low current demand for broiler carcasses. The fact is that broiler carcasses weighing 250-300 g are too large for one serving, so restaurants prefer to buy specially fattened poultry (mainly males) of egg breeds with a carcass weight of 100-120 g.

Quail meat has the most favorable ratio of essential amino acids (lysine, cystine, methionine, tyrosine). Tyrosine is known to contribute to the formation of pigment, which determines healthy skin color. The carbohydrate-containing ovomucoid protein found in quail meat is able to suppress allergic reactions; on its basis, an ovomoid extract is made to treat allergies. Quail meat has a high content of lysozyme, which prevents the development of undesirable microflora in it, and therefore the meat has the ability to maintain freshness for a long time.

Especially valuable is the effect of quail meat on the reproductive functions of the body and potency. Quail meat is advised to be eaten for diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic pneumonia, tuberculosis, diabetes, stomach ulcers, heart disease, liver, kidney disease. It is also believed to improve tone and strengthen bones. Quail meat is recommended for people exposed to radiation.

Quail meat is so tasty that children eat it boiled with pleasure, without any spices, frying and other culinary tricks. Plus, it's very quick to prepare.

A well-balanced diet is an essential part of a healthy lifestyle. People now and then try to provide themselves and their families with the necessary level of nutrients, so they use various mineral complexes, nutritional supplements and vitamins.

But since man is a part of nature, then the recipes for health must be sought precisely in its storerooms. One of such products, unique in their nutritional value, is quail meat and eggs, which can easily replenish and maintain the necessary level of nutrients in the body.

Dishes from quail meat were used in Eastern medicine in ancient times, often even the divine pharaohs did not disdain to taste earthly miraculous quail eggs and meat.

According to many medical experts, the use of quail meat can give a positive effect in the treatment of kidneys, stomach, heart, liver and lungs. And, in general, this product is very useful for the body: it strengthens bones, improves tone, and in some cases even heals chronic diseases. Therefore, some elite health resorts buy quail meat in bulk.

Even in spite of its small size, one quail carcass and its eggs are very high in calories and nutritious, and in terms of dietary quality and taste they significantly surpass rabbit and chicken meat.

The Internet or in special kitchen books are full of recipes for cooking quails. Here, for example, you can try fried quail. To do this, wash fresh quail meat, salt and fry it in a deep frying pan. Further, without removing the lid, you need to put them in the oven, where, on low heat, healthy and tasty meat will be ready in 40-50 minutes. But in order to get a real masterpiece, do not forget to periodically water it with the resulting juice. The finished dish can be decorated with herbs, a side dish and, of course, hard-boiled quail eggs.

In addition to the main course, with the help of quail meat, you can also prepare a salad - "Russian Forest". To do this, cut the fillet, peeled apple, boiled potatoes and pickled or fresh cucumbers into thin slices. Don't forget the hard-boiled quail eggs. Mix all this and season with sour cream or mayonnaise. Add salt, lemon juice, or vinegar to taste, and finish with a little powdered sugar. For greater brightness around the circumference, stick sprigs of parsley or dill.

7. Egg processing

The key to a healthy lifestyle of a modern person is proper nutrition. Unfortunately, not all foods can provide the body with the necessary amount of nutrients. People make up for this deficiency with various vitamin and mineral complexes, dietary supplements and other drugs, spending huge money on them. Quail eggs are a natural product unique in its nutritional value.

Despite their small size, they are not inferior to chicken ones in terms of the content of vitamins and other useful substances, and even surpass them in some indicators. This dietary product has antibacterial, immunomodulatory, antitumor properties, normalizes the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular and other systems. Quail eggs are a concentrated biological set of substances necessary for a person. It is a pantry of nutrients and therapeutic agents. Compared to a chicken egg, one gram of a quail egg contains more vitamins: A - 2.5 times, B 1 - 2.8 and B 2 - 2.2 times. In five quail eggs, equal in mass to one chicken, the level of phosphorus and potassium is 5 times higher, and iron is 4.5 times higher. Much more copper, cobalt, limiting and other amino acids in quail eggs. In terms of the content of such essential amino acids as tyrosine, threonine, lysine, glycine and histidine, quail eggs are superior to chicken ones. Tyrazine is known to play a significant role in metabolism and contributes to the formation of pigment, which determines healthy skin color. Therefore, in the European perfume industry, quail egg components are included in many expensive brands of creams and shampoos, connoisseurs of natural cosmetics see the secrets of rejuvenation in quail eggs and do not get tired of exchanging recipes for cosmetic masks.

Quail eggs are characterized by a high content of lysozyme, and this substance replenishes its endogenous supply, normalizes the microflora. Along with this, lysozyme prevents the development of unwanted microflora in the eggs, and they retain their freshness for a long time in room conditions.

Quail eggs are used in the bioindustry. This is due to the fact that the body of quails is resistant to leukemia-sarcomatous diseases. The presence of biologically active substances in eggs allows you to fearlessly consume them in their raw form, which is very important in terms of preserving many nutrients in them that can be destroyed during product processing.

The resistance of quails to infectious diseases allows them to be kept without resorting to vaccination, and this eliminates the accumulation of medicinal substances in the body and eggs. The combination of a complex of biologically active substances with high dietary qualities makes it possible to use quail eggs in medical practice.

The effectiveness of the use of quail eggs in the diet of patients was known in ancient times. Quail eggs are widely used in Japan in baby food. They have a positive effect on stunted children. The Japanese especially appreciate the ability of quail eggs to positively influence the reproductive functions of the body, including potency. It is advisable to include raw quail eggs in the diet of sick and debilitated children.

On the basis of the Clinic of Children's Diseases of the Moscow Medical Institute and in other medical institutions, quail eggs were tested in combination with drugs for patients with bronchial asthma, chronic pneumonia, and tuberculosis. Positive results have been obtained. There was also an improvement in appetite in children, weight gain and normalization of hemoglobin and red blood cells in the blood. quail egg meat processing

Quail shell is the most valuable. Medical studies have shown that the shell of quail eggs, consisting of 90% calcium carbonate (calcium carbonate), is easily absorbed by the body. It contains all the trace elements necessary for the body: copper, fluorine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, phosphorus, sulfur, zinc, silicon and others - a total of 27 elements! Especially important is the significant content of silicon and molybdenum in it - our daily food is extremely poor in these elements, but they are absolutely necessary for the normal course of biochemical reactions in the body.

The introduction of crushed quail egg shells into food showed its high therapeutic activity and the absence of any side effects, including bacterial infection. Taking eggshells, you can not be afraid that excess calcium will be deposited on the bones and joints, not be afraid of urolithiasis. If there is no need for calcium, it is ideally excreted from the body.

The shell of quail eggs is especially useful for young children, starting from the age of one, in their body the processes of bone tissue formation are most intensive and require an uninterrupted supply of calcium. The shell included in baby food is extremely beneficial for rickets and anemia that develops in parallel with rickets.

Accelerated healing was observed in orthopedic diseases such as congenital dislocation of the hip, osteoporosis (softening of the bones).

In both children and adults, the use of shell therapy has a positive effect on brittle nails and hair, bleeding from the gums, constipation, irritability, insomnia, hay fever, asthma, and urticaria. Eggshells are an excellent means for removing radionuclides from the body, preventing the accumulation of Strontium-90 in the bone marrow.

Conclusion

The offer of quail eggs and meat in Russia is represented by all categories of agricultural producers, including large poultry farms, farmers and households. Despite the large number of players, quail breeding is characterized by a high concentration of production, both on a regional basis and in terms of the total share of leading companies. Although today the export of quail products is carried out in small volumes, given the high potential of the industry, as the domestic market is saturated, domestic producers have good prospects for entering international markets.

Bibliography

1. http://fb.ru/article/31513/perepela-na-domashney-ferme.

2. http://miragro.com/kormlenie-perepelov.html.

3. http://fb.ru/article/31513/perepela-na-domashney-ferme.

4. http://www.pelkindom.ru/o%20polze%20perepelinih%20yaic.html.

5. http://perepelka.com/.

6. http://miragro.com/otkorm-perepelov-na-myaso.html.

7. http://miragro.com/perepelinoe-myaso.html.

8. Zadorozhnaya L.A. Quail breeding. - P 27 M.: ACT; Donetsk: Stalker, 2005.

9. Small and expensive / / Compound / Homestead. - 2000. - No. 4.

10. Formula for quail breeding// Meat sector/ Poultry industry. - 2010. - No. 4.

11. Marinchenko T.E. Sergey Ivancho, Andrey Golokhvastov: Magazine "SPHERE\Ptitseprom" No. 4 (04) 2010.

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