Presentation on the topic of anglicisms in Russian. Anglicisms in Russian

Research project in English on the topic

"Anglicisms in Russian"

Work completed:

student of 9 "B" class

Chirkova Anastasia

Project Manager:

English teacher,

Chesnokova A.V.

1. Introduction

2. Theoretical part

2.1. Methods for the formation of borrowings

2.2. Classification of foreign words by areas of communication

3. Practical part

3.1. Study of the reasons for the use of anglicisms among young people

3.2. The study of the attitude of the subjects to the use of anglicisms in the speech of schoolchildren

4. Conclusion

5. Application

Target of this work is to study the degree of penetration of anglicisms into the speech of modern schoolchildren.

Controversial questions about the role of English borrowings in the modern Russian language, or rather in the everyday speech of young people, have become the main relevance this work.

object research - lexical units and their derivatives.

To achieve my goal, I need to solve the following research tasks:

1. Analyze theoretical materials related to the research topic.

2. Expand and deepen knowledge of the English language.

3. Determine the reasons for borrowing.

4. Consider ways to form borrowings.

5. Classify borrowings by areas of communication.

6. Conduct a survey of 9th grade students in order to find out the attitude of schoolchildren to the phenomenon under study.

7. Compile a dictionary of borrowings most used by schoolchildren.

To solve the tasks set, a complex was used methods:

1) theoretical (study and comprehension of literature on questions about anglicisms);

2) observation;

3) sociological (conversation, questioning);

2 Theoretical part

Methods of formation of anglicisms.

Let us first of all turn to the question of the methods of formation of anglicisms. After analyzing and comprehending excerpts from the works of famous linguists and philologists (Breyter M.A., Dyakov A.I. and many others), the following groups of foreign borrowings can be distinguished:

1)Direct borrowing - such borrowings in which the word occurs in Russian in approximately the same form and in the same meaning as in English. For example: - day off; - money.

2)Exoticisms - words that characterize the specific national customs of other peoples. A distinctive feature of these words is that they do not have Russian synonyms. For example: chips - chips, hot-dog - hot dog, cheeseburger - cheeseburger.

3)Foreign blotches - words that have lexical equivalents that are fixed in a particular speech environment in order to show the expressiveness of the speaker's speech. For example: ok - ok; wow - wow.

4) jargon- words that appeared as a result of distortion of any sounds. For example: crazy (crazy) - crazy.

2.2. Classification of foreign words by spheres of communication.

And now let's consider the classification of anglicisms in accordance with the spheres of communication in society:

1) Economy. In this area, there are such borrowed words as investment, marketing, price list, manager, boss, boss.

2) Sport. Those words to which we are so accustomed, it turns out, came to us from English. These are words such as athlete, football, bodybuilding, fitness, referee, match, goal.

3) Technique. New names are invented for technologies, and these names are in English. Words: computer, laptop, scanner, organizer - came to us from the English language (blender, printer, copier, mixer, photoshop).

4)Power, policy. In recent years, foreign words have appeared in the political vocabulary of the Russian language. For example, Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister, President.

Practical part.

Study of the reasons for the use of anglicisms among young people.

And now let's move from theory to the practical part of my project. After carefully observing the speech of my classmates, teachers and friends, I came to the conclusion that borrowed words have become an integral part of our communication and are firmly entrenched in it. As my observation has shown, the most popular sources of replenishing the vocabulary of young people are such areas as the media (Internet), technology (computer technology), pop culture (cinema, music). As a rule, borrowings belong to different groups. The use of direct borrowings (laptop, boyfriend, flash drive, DJ) can be explained by the fact that many anglicisms in our speech cannot be changed, and there is no need to. One of the most used in the speech of schoolchildren are words related to hybrids and foreign inclusions, so many people already take these words as borrowed only in the deep subconscious.

In order to identify the features, as well as the reasons for the use of foreign words by schoolchildren in their everyday speech, I made up a social questionnaire, which was attended by 43 people. The children were asked to answer questions about whether they use anglicisms in their speech, if so, how often and why. The results I got were summarized in three general charts for all questions.

According to the analysis of these charts, we can say that 93% of schoolchildren use borrowed words in their everyday speech, because they help them clearly, clearly and quickly express the meaning of a descriptive phrase (86%), or because the Russian language does not have such a concept ( eleven%).

In addition to the questions of the questionnaire, the participants were asked to name those borrowed words that they most often use in their speech. I also put the results in a table.

Conclusion

The purpose of this study, as mentioned above, is to study the degree of penetration of English slang into the speech of modern schoolchildren. The data obtained during the study confirm my assumption about the widespread use of English words, slang in the Russian language in general, and in the speech of schoolchildren in particular.

List of used literature

1) Breiter M.A. Anglicisms in Russian: history and perspectives. - Vladivostok, 2004.

2) Dyakov A.I. Reasons for the intensive borrowing of Anglicisms in modern Russian. // Language and Culture. - Novosibirsk, 2004.

3) Krysin L.P. Foreign words in modern Russian. - M., 2008.

4) New English-Russian Dictionary / Ed. V.K. Muller. - 9th ed. - M., 2006.

5) Dictionary of foreign words / Ed. V.V. Burtseva, N.M. Semenova.- M., 2005.

Questionnaire

Do you use borrowed words in your speech?

Why are you using them?

a) there is no such concept in Russian;

b) with their help, it is easier and faster for me to explain what I want to say;

c) for me, English words are more expressive than Russian words;

3. How often do you use English words in everyday speech?

a) always

b) sometimes

c) never

List of the most used borrowings among 9th grade students of MBOU "Gymnasium No. 8"

Word in Russian	Lexical meaning	English word
boyfriend	friend, boy
	Everything is fine
	Forever
	Respect
	I'm sorry, I'm sorry
	Performance
know problems	No problem

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Cultural-historical prerequisites for the appearance of anglicisms in the Russian language In the history of the process of borrowing anglicisms, several stages can be distinguished: XVI-XVII centuries, XVIII century, XIX century, XX century. The beginning of the immediate rapprochement between Russia and England is considered to be August 24, 1553, when for the first time the English ship "Edward the Good Enterprise" ("Edward Bonaventure") anchored at the mouth of the Northern Dvina River.

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In the 17th century During the reign of Peter I, about 3,000 English words penetrated the Russian language. A special place among them is occupied by maritime and shipbuilding terminology (brig 'two-masted sea vessel'; waterline 'a line on the hull along which it is possible to submerge the vessel in water when loading'; ketch (b) 'a small single-deck vessel', etc.), Russian students studied mathematics, history, law, medicine, theology, navigation, mineralogy, metallurgy, mechanics, agriculture. The importance of the English language for the study of maritime affairs was emphasized by the introduction of this language as a subject of teaching in the "navigation" school opened in Moscow. Brig Ketch(b)

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late 18th - early 19th centuries There were many people in Russia who knew and loved English. For the sake of being able to read English authors in the original, young Russian romantic writers zealously took up dictionaries. N.M. Karamzin, A.S. Pushkin, M.Yu. Lermontov, L.N. Tolstoy, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, V.A. Zhukovsky, I.S. Turgenev, A.A. Fet, A.A. Bestuzhev and other Russian writers were fluent in English. Petersburg English Review of Literature, The Arts and Sciences. Also in St. Petersburg, the "Anglican Club" was opened, in which the elected persons of the Russian nobility spent time. In St. Petersburg in October 1770-January 1771, there was an "English Theater", "English Theater" in St. Petersburg Meeting of the "English Club" in Moscow

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. At the beginning of the XIX century. England put forward remarkable poets and writers who took radical and even revolutionary positions: D. Byron, P. Shelley, D. Keats, W. Wadsworth, S. Taylor Coleridge, R. Southey, C. Dickens, W. Thackeray, M. Bronte, El. Graskall and many others. “It was the passion for English literature that made this language more widely used in Russia, brought it beyond the bounds of the closed high society language and art.” R. Southey, W. Wadsworth C. Dickens M. Bronte S. Taylor Coleridge, P. Shelley D. Keats W. Thackeray

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20th century A major role in the penetration of English words into the Russian language of the XX century. play the social and linguistic contacts of our state with the United States. Americanisms occupy a significant percentage of the total number of English borrowings in Russian.

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The study of borrowings of anglicisms in the modern Russian language of the last decades Research tasks: 1. Determine the reasons for the borrowing of English elements in the Russian language; 2. Analyze theoretical materials related to borrowing; 3. Consider ways of forming anglicisms; 4. Classify the most used anglicisms by areas of communication; 5. Find out the attitude of the population towards the phenomenon under study.

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Ways of forming anglicisms 1. Direct borrowings. weekend - weekend black - black mani - money

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Methods of formation of anglicisms 2. Hybrids. ask (to ask - to ask), buzz (busy - restless, fussy).

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Methods of formation of anglicisms 3. Tracing paper. menu, password, disk, virus, club, sarcophagus.

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Ways of forming anglicisms 4. Half-tracing paper. drive - drive (drive) "For a long time there was no such drive" - ​​in the meaning of "fuse, energy."

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Methods of formation of anglicisms 5. Exoticisms. chips (chips), hot dog (hot-dog), cheeseburger (cheeseburger).

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Methods of formation of anglicisms 6. Foreign inclusions. okay (OK); wow (wow!).

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Ways of formation of anglicisms 7. Composites. second-hand - a store selling used clothes; video-salon - a room for watching movies.

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A.S. Pushkin's poem "Eugene Onegin" 1. He cut his hair in the latest fashion, As a dandy Londoner dressed - And finally saw the light. 2. In front of him is a bloody roast-beaf And shoes, the luxury of youth French cuisine is the best color. 3. Then, that Beaf-steaks and Strasbourg Champagne pie could not always pour over a bottle. 4. Like Child Harold, gloomy, languid, He appeared in the living rooms ... 5. And for a long time the heart was sad, "Poor Yorick" he said dejectedly. 6. Read, here's Pradt, here's Walter Scott If you don't want it, check the consumption... 7. That which is autocratic fashion In a high London circle Is called Vulgar.

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*blog *blogger *browser *login*spam Information technology

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Cinematography *horror *blockbuster *western USA *prime time *cyborg

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*base jumping *zorbing *kickboxing *paintball *surfing *fitness Sports

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Business, Trade & Economics * Bestseller * Business * Businessman * Marketing * Price List * Default

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Fashion *brand *top *body shirt *topless * hand-made

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Life *mixer *shaker *toaster *fast food *hot dog

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Ways of forming anglicisms 1. Direct borrowings: weekend - weekend; Black - Negro; money - money 2. Hybrids: ask (to ask - ask), buzz (busy - restless, fussy) 3. Tracing paper: menu, password, disk, virus, club, sarcophagus 4. Semi-calling: drive - drive (drive) “For a long time there was no such drive” - in the meaning of “fuse, energy” 5. Exoticisms: chips (chips), hot dog (hot-dog), cheeseburger (cheeseburger) 6. Foreign inclusions: okay (OK); wow (Wow!) 7. Composites: second-hand - a store selling used clothes; video-salon - a room for watching movies 8. Jargon: to escape - to leave, to escape somewhere

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Poll "Do you use anglicisms in everyday speech?"

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Opinion poll “Does the abundance of anglicisms in modern Russian annoy you?”

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Poll "Do Anglicisms enrich our language, make it richer and better, or do they impoverish the Russian language, distorting it and distorting it?" People who rated the role of Anglicisms positively People who expressed a negative opinion

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Anglicisms used by schoolchildren emphasize their superiority over the rest. Foreign words in students' speech can play the role of original quotations: any term can be quoted, deliberately played up, distorted. Many words are formed by subtracting, adding, moving some sounds in the original English term. The speech of schoolchildren easily absorbs English units. With the development of computer technology, English words are increasingly replenishing the vocabulary of schoolchildren. But in our colloquial speech, the use of borrowed words is not always appropriate. Of course, there is nothing wrong with borrowing itself. However, the meaning of these words should be clear to both the speaker and the listener, and their use should be appropriate and justified. Anglicisms in the life of schoolchildren

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Appendix №1 Modern Anglicisms Economics Fashion Medicine Summit Cardigan Implant Barter Stretch Phytotherapy Default Batnik Hospice Marketing Swinger Euthanasia Monetarism Top Pacemaker Offshore Implant Promoter Suicide Price List Futures Exchange Art Body Art Art Design Performance Florism Remake Track Thriller Rap

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Modern Anglicisms Informatics Parapsychology Other areas of life Browser Intergeist Aquapark Joystick Psychic ATM Internet Astral body Blockbuster Website Telekinesis Boyfriend E-mail Drive Interactive Image Maker Multimedia Creative Online Sports Mass Media File Armwrestling Millennium Display Biker Nomination Interface Kickboxing Puzzle Scanner Bodybuilding Piercing Printer Promoter Portfolio Laptop Snowboarding Skinheads Mountain biking Talk shows Softball Shop Weekend

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1. Words - terms that have an international character: problem, factor, concert, office, uniform, loan, sprinter, center, service, reform, farmer, protest, transport, system, object, telephone, garage, plastic, information, interview, business, fireworks, crime, leader, champion, medal, dialogue, company, statistics, maximum, conference, material, conflict, complex, organization, conference, national, etc. 2. Words that have synonyms in Russian: Reconstruction ( from English reconstruction) - restructuring Phyto - center (from English fit) - slender, healthy Presentation (from English presentation) - representation Design (from English design) - drawing, sketch, pattern Teenager (from English teenager) - teenager Department (from English department) - department Constructive (from English constructive) - creative Deficit (from English deficit) - shortage Region (from English region) - area Season (from English season) - time of year Communications (from eng. communication) - message Exclusive (from eng. exclusive) - exceptional Subsidy (from eng. subsidy) - subsidy 3. Words whose meaning is not clear to most native speakers: Piercing (from English piercing) - puncture, injection Hospice (from English hospice) - shelter, almshouse English prolongation) - extension, postponement Appendix No. 2 Anglicisms found in the newspaper "Extra-M"

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Absolute - absolute - complete, pure (fool). Body art. - body - art - the art of physique. Biker - biker - cyclist. Boyfriend - boyfriend - lover, friend. Bowling - bowling - roll balls. Wow - wow - delight, amazement. Group - group - collection. Dealer - dealer - intermediary. Drive - drive - fuse, energy. Display - display - display, exhibition. Dilit - delete - erase. Disc jockey - disk jockey - (announcer) leading a program composed of sound recordings. Crossword - crossword - crossword. Comfort - comfort - convenience. Lovelace - love lace - red tape, seducer of women. Makeup - make up - makeup. Object - object - the object to which attention is directed. Okay - ok - good. Pager - pager - a mobile device for receiving and sending messages. Pressing - pressing - pressure. Student's Dictionary Application No. 3

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Present - present - a gift. Player - player - a tape recorder with headphones. Project -project - preliminary text of some document. Puzzle - puzzle - a puzzle. Pointer -painter - pointer (breed of dog). Risk – risk is the probability of failure. Scandal -scandal - slander, gossip. Skinhead - skin - head - skinhead. Superman - superman - over - man. Site - site - location. Syrup - syrup - a concentrated solution of sugar. Soundtrack - soundtrack - sound track. Skateboard - skate - board - slide on the board. Topic - top - cover (top). Toilet - toilet - restroom. Ups - ups - success. Fact - fact - a real event, a phenomenon. Factor - factor - a moment in some process. Fan - fan - fan. Favorite - favorite - favorite. Check - check - number, receipt. Shaping - shaping - shaping. Schoolboy dictionary

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Crossword Horizontal: 1.Teenager 2.Movie music 3.Internet diary 4.High-selling book 5.Person of public attention Vertical: 1.Blow 2.Horror movie 3.Price list 4.Exception from normal activities 5. Alteration 1 2 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 5

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Ways of forming anglicisms Direct borrowings: weekend - weekend; Black - Negro; mani - money. Tracing paper: menu, password, disk, virus, club, sarcophagus. Half-cut: drive-drive (drive) “For a long time there was no such drive” - in the meaning of “fuse, energy”. Composites: second-hand - a store selling used clothes; video-salon - a room for watching movies. Exoticisms: chips (chips), hot dog (hot-dog), cheeseburger (cheeseburger). Foreign blotches: ok (OK); wow (wow!)

Anglicisms and the media: 1. Words that have synonyms in Russian and are often incomprehensible to people, for example: monitoring is a synonym for “observation”. 2. Words that usually do not have synonyms in Russian. They have taken root for a long time, everyone understands, and many people do not even think about the fact that these words came to us from the English language, for example: athlete, football, problem. 3. Words printed in newspapers in English, in English letters. These words are all the more incomprehensible to most people, for example: Non-stop.

With the development of computer technology, English words are increasingly replenishing the vocabulary of schoolchildren: Motherboard (motherboard) - the “mother” of the CD-Rom Drive (laser disc drive) - the youth has the equivalent of “sidyushnik”. The exclamation “Wow!”, expressing the emotion of amazement or delight, has become very common among the young. Drive - in the meaning of "fuse", "energy".

We also conducted a sociological survey among residents of Lesosibirsk. We asked the question: Are you satisfied with the abundance of foreign words of English origin in the media? 96 people were interviewed. Among them are people of different ages. Our survey gave the following results: 60% - no; 25% - yes; 15% - I don't know.

Conclusion The relevance of the study is that the consideration of problems related to the theory and practice of borrowings is especially significant in modern conditions, since today there are serious concerns about a powerful influx of borrowings that can lead to the depreciation of the Russian word. The practical value of this work lies in the fact that this material can be used in the process of teaching English in schools.

Conclusion The relevance of the study is that the consideration of problems related to the theory and practice of borrowings is especially significant in modern conditions, since today there are serious concerns about a powerful influx of borrowings that can lead to the depreciation of the Russian word. The practical value of this work lies in the fact that this material can be used in the process of teaching English in schools.