Practical work “Information resources of society. Educational information resources

Information resources are all kinds of sources from which new information is drawn, for example, for training. Modern methods of obtaining any type of knowledge find themselves in printed and solid-state or virtual digital media. Computers are used to implement the latter. Consider what is meant by educational information resources?

University students are often asked the question: what do you mean by information resources (IR)? The answer is simple: information resources include a set of different means for obtaining information.

Their main goal is the active use of modern technologies for the dissemination of scientific information. The main advantage is unlimited access to educational material for almost any member of society. This makes it possible to quickly transfer, analyze and process large amounts of data. In turn, such a speed of information exchange significantly accelerates scientific progress.

It is a mistake to assume that only electronic format of presentation is referred to IR. Until now, scientific periodicals and highly specialized literature have enjoyed well-deserved success. Libraries, archives, storages, funds become the place of their storage (localization).

Note! IR can be used multiple times. After copying the data, the original form remains unchanged.

Recently, there has been an active growth in the educational component of the Internet. This means that all kinds of social networks and video hosting sites are used not only to distribute entertainment content. The same YouTube, gladly places educational or explanatory videos on its site.

In general, virtual educational information sources include:

free courses and seminars;
free electronic libraries;
educational portals.

Specifications

In general, any training materials are distinguished according to the following criteria:

form;
freedom of access;
interaction.

Form

OER is divided into independent and derivative editions. Standalone are initially created and distributed on any type of digital media. Derivatives are digitized printed sources (electronic copy).

Freedom of access

All digital publications can be distributed locally via hard media or over the world wide web. In the second case, all educational materials are stored on the central server of the educational portal.

Recently, training programs of a complex type of distribution have gained particular popularity.

Interaction

Communication of the user with the program is carried out according to a special algorithm prescribed by the copyright holder of the materials. Distinguish between free (free) type of access to knowledge and closed (paid).

More and more digital materials are made publicly available on the Internet through the permission of the compilers and developers of training programs. This is done with the aim of enhancing the content's reputation and platform visibility.

The type of access to the program cannot be changed by the user. Such an opportunity is the prerogative of the copyright holder.

What is OER

Many people are interested in the question: what is related to educational electronic resources? These are educational materials reproduced using various types of computer devices. They are formed into digital format and conventionally divided into:

Self-instruction manuals. Free-form manuals for the individual study of the selected material.
Textbooks. Federally approved and approved materials for use in a school or university. They contain systematized data about a narrow chosen discipline, its part or section.
Visual textbooks. Electronic format with graphic, photo and video materials.
Educational and methodical publications. Manuals with a detailed description of educational methods.
Workshops. Interactive assignments created to consolidate the studied material.

Educational electronic sources include a set of materials of the following nature:

text and graphic files;
speech and music format;
photo and video materials.

According to the method of storing information, ERM is distinguished on hard media and available on the network, that is, on a common server.

The highest requirements are imposed on the quality of such materials. Information must be collected, processed and presented consistently.

The key element of the ERM is a screen image or frame. The training material itself can be divided into paragraphs, chapters, sections with the ability to quickly access each of them.

Nevertheless, GOST does not provide for the classification of automated courses and computer training programs as ESM. But they are also part of the ERM.

By a general concept, all data that can be recorded and reproduced from CD-disks for training is also referred to as ESM.

Official digital resources include content that has undergone scientific, technical and artistic, or literary review. In addition, the materials are assigned an official stamp and GOST apparatus. In accordance with these markings, the type of its use is determined.

EOR output data

The publication is always characterized by its output. Their purpose is to identify the source and inform the user about the product. This information is placed on the medium depending on its type, distribution methods and format.

Graduation data of an electronic educational resource include:

manufacturer's identification data;
total volume of course information in megabytes;
list of components (total number of carriers, instructions for use, teaching aids);
segmentation of the carrier (duration of fragments of different types);
requirements for the PC for reading and its software.

Additionally, the minimum technical requirements for the data transfer rate, the preferred browser, the possibilities of additional equipment are indicated.

The readability of materials and user fatigue directly depend on the correspondence of the capabilities of computer and computer technology.

Ease of navigation and intuitive management on such a portal (website, page) directly depends on the competent design of the resource. It is conventionally divided into three main stages:

Conceptual. Development of the main idea of the project based on the collected data on the needs and preferences of users.
Logical. Development of the structure and possible scenarios of the interconnection of pages with each other.
Physical. Implementation of the project through code programming and placement on a carrier or network.

Scope of application

Most often, electronic educational resources are used in inclusive education when teaching children with disabilities. There is a tendency to introduce e-learning materials in schools and universities.

Note! Examples include interactive touchboards, electronic textbooks, and exercise books.

In the near future, the introduction of the methodology in preschool institutions is expected.

Leading universities are actively developing special training programs and provide free access to them. It is predicted that the share of ESM in mass education will only increase. This will increase the availability of scientific data for the general population.

With the proper level of self-organization of individual students and groups, quality education will only become more accessible. Thus, the open encyclopedia Wikipedia, which everyone can use, is a striking example of a publicly available information educational resource.

"Primitive" tutorials can be created in common office programs. How the components use text content, pictures, graphs, visual tables. Such materials, as a rule, are used to create presentations for primary and secondary schools, self-instruction manuals, simple courses. It is allowed to use special constructors to structure small amounts of information. For more complex publications of a methodological nature, it is necessary to use complex creation algorithms.

Educational Information Resources (OIR) are freely available, openly licensed texts, media, and other digital assets that are useful for teaching and assessment, as well as for research purposes. The development and promotion of FID is often motivated by the desire to provide an alternative or expanded educational paradigm. So what are educational information resources?

In contact with

One of the most famous information resources is Wikipedia and Wiktionary. These resources were donated in 2003 to the non-profit charitable organization Wikimedia Foundation. the purpose of which is to collect and develop free information educational content and its effective global distribution. Wikipedia has been in the top ten most visited websites worldwide since 2007. And what else are educational resources?

General information

The idea of educational information resources has many working definitions. This term was first introduced in 2002 at the UNESCO Open Curriculum Forum and denotes teaching and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that is located in the public domain or has been released under an open license. Access to these resources, use, adaptation and redistribution by others should be unlimited. Open licensing is built within the framework of existing intellectual property rights, as defined in the relevant international conventions.

That is, these are teaching and research resources that are in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that allows them to be used and reused by others free of charge. Educational resources include:

complete courses;
educational materials;
modules;
textbooks;
streaming video;
tests;
software and any other tools, materials or methods data used to support access to knowledge.

The nature of the resource: Some people limit the definition of OIR to educational e-resources, while others believe that any educational resource can be included in the definition.

Resource source: while some of the definitions require the creation of a resource with a well-defined learning goal, others extend it to include any resource that could potentially be used for learning

Openness level: Most definitions require the resource to be hosted on a public domain. Others require educational use only or exclude commercial use.

These definitions also have common elements, namely:

use, reuse and change of resources;
free use for educational purposes by teachers and students;
cover all types of digital media.

The variety of users, creators and sponsors of educational information resources creates many use cases and requirements.

What can be attributed to educational electronic resources

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) also defines electronic information resources as digitized materials offered freely and openly to educators, students and others for use in teaching and research.

They include:

educational content;
software;
development tools;
use and distribution of content.

Computers and related electronic resources have come to play a central role in education. Whatever your feelings about what some have called the digital revolution, you have to admit - many, perhaps most, students are completely immersed in it. They used to using email as a common form of communication. But not only students appreciate electronic educational resources (EER). Teachers also use these resources with a range of helpful tools.

The word “useful” should be emphasized because electronic resources complement, but rarely replace, more traditional teaching methods. Electronic tools can make learning more efficient; lectures are more convincing, informative and varied; reading assignments more extensive, interesting and accessible; discussions are more free and complex. Only you, however, can judge whether these methods advance your own learning goals.

Web sources and electronic media provide a wider range of secondary and primary sources (including visual and audio materials)... Students can now access content that was once available only to experts.

A computer with presentation software can provide a one-stop tool to increase the number of lectures with outlines, slides, statistical charts and tables, pictures, music, and even video clips.

Required tools

But owning or accessing technology is usually only the first step. It's even more important to learn how to use it. This is one of the biggest challenges faced by anyone who wants to use electronic tools, because this knowledge is not always easy to acquire.

Many people have limited computer skills, are easily intimidated by new and unfamiliar tasks, and try to avoid doing anything that requires them to learn something very different from what they are used to. If you fall into the latter group but want to expand your ability to use electronic tools, you need to find help.

Finally, keep in mind that technology related to computers and the Internet is changing at an exciting pace. While certain skills will remain useful to you for long periods of time, there is a lot that will need to be learned over and over again. The speed of change in this area can be daunting and intimidating. But it is also the source of some valuable innovations that you might find useful.

Library as an information educational resource

Over the years, libraries have supported educational efforts by providing educational resources, information and reference services. Many libraries have outreach programs, designed to meet the needs specific groups of people with limited skills. In addition, the library's resource materials are being extended to prisons, hospitals, rehabilitation centers and homes for the elderly and disabled. Libraries have been identified as one of the key elements of open access to information, which is critical for the development of education.

The rise of libraries

Human desire for knowledge has led to the creation and accumulation of a huge amount of information. This search for knowledge, without knowing borders and limitations, continues from the beginning of civilization to the modern era. This hard-earned knowledge and information is valuable to all mankind and therefore must be preserved. With the invention of paper, man was able to transfer this knowledge to others by writing books.

Thousands of manuscripts were written by sages of earlier times, but many of them were destroyed due to lack of suitable preservation means. With the invention of the printing press, it became easier to store knowledge in the form of printed documents. This led to the creation of a large number of books. The need to preserve and disseminate information led to the creation of more and more libraries. Thus, libraries have gained great importance in a civilized society for education and research. Libraries play a vital role in the development of any society, enhancing the cause of education and research. They meet the information needs of millions of people.

Use of library electronic resources

The development of science and technology over the past two centuries has led to an information explosion. Rapid change has taken place at a tremendous pace. To meet the growing needs of users, the library system has been significantly improved and modernized to meet new challenges. The services offered by libraries have also undergone great changes.

With the advent of new technologies in the field of computers and telecommunications, revolutionary changes have occurred in the field of library science and informatics. The form of traditional libraries containing a large number of printed documents is now being transformed to smaller paper libraries containing a large number of digitized documents. The funds offered by the network have been adopted by libraries. This led to the creation of virtual libraries, that is, libraries without walls through which the user has access to information at any time and anywhere in the world, using modern means of communication, such as computers and Internet objects.

Libraries in the new millennium are leaders in knowledge management. University librarians are innovators in using new information technologies to provide access to a range of multimedia sources. Libraries today teach students information processing skills.

The traditional image of the library as a quiet place of study, in which mainly printed collections are kept, is changing. Shifts in teaching methods, the impact of computer technology and the diversity of students has led to that libraries were organizing resources and designing services to meet new learning requirements. Libraries organize collections of information and provide access and services that include changes in teaching, learning and information technology.

A library is a collection of sources, resources and services, as well as the structure in which it is located. The term "library" acquired a secondary meaning: "collection of information for general use." This sense is used in areas such as computer science, mathematics, statistics, electronics, biology.

Libraries are seen as agencies through which sources of information, accumulated knowledge and experience are selected, acquired, organized, stored and distributed among those who need them. They are essential learning tools at any level.

People in many professions use library resources to improve their educational level. Students use libraries to complement and expand their knowledge, to learn information retrieval skills, and to develop good reading and study skills. Libraries are used by government officials to study legislation and public policy issues. The library provides information and services that are essential for learning and progress.

The library is a tool for self-education, a means of knowledge and factual information, a center of intellectual recreation and a beacon of enlightenment that provides the accumulated stored knowledge of civilization.

In an electronic sense, a library may be more than a building that houses a collection of books and other materials, as the Internet has opened up an avalanche of online and electronic resources for accessing documents from various fields of interest.

6. Control task structure

6.1 Task text

Laboratory work No. 1

Quest text:

Topic: Information resources of society. Educational information resources. Working with software.

Installation of software, its use and updating.

Target: learn how to use educational information resources, search for the necessary information with their help; master the skills of installing software and working with it.

Task number 1.

1. Download the Internet.

2. In the search bar, enter the phrase "catalog of educational resources".

3. List which sections include educational resources on the Internet.

4. Describe any three.

Task number 2. Using the Universal Reference Encyclopedia, find answers to the following questions:

Question	Answer
1) indicate when the Gregorian calendar was approved
2) what is the diameter of the dust particle
3) specify the deadly sound level
4) what is the boiling point of iron
5) what is the melting point of iodine
6) indicate the speed of rotation of the Earth around the Sun
7) what is the mass of the earth
8) which mountain is the highest in Australia
9) characterize the Kampa people
10) indicate the years of Ivan's reignIII
11) indicate the years of Catherine's reignII
12) indicate the years of Ivan's reignIV
13) indicate the years of government
14) what year was the first wooden bicycle invented

Task number 3. Answer the questions:

Task number 4.

1. Install the "Keyboard2004" program from the "Workshop" folder on disk D. Describe all the stages of installation.

2. Uninstall the "Keyboard2004" program through the "Control Panel". Describe all the steps.

Task number 5. Make a conclusion about the laboratory work done:

6.1.2 Time for preparation and execution: 45 minutes

6.1.3 The list of objects of control and assessment (skills and knowledge should not be broken down into small ones)

For the correct answer to the questions or a correctly performed action, a positive mark is given - 1 point.

For an incorrect answer to a question, not performed or performed incorrectly, a negative assessment is given - 0 points.

Laboratory work No. 2

Quest text:

Topic: Licensed and free software products. Organization of software updates using the Internet

Target: study licensed and free software products; learn how to organize software updates using the Internet.

Task number 1. Find on the Internet the law of the Russian Federation "On Information, Informatization and Information Protection" and highlight the definitions of the concepts:

Assignment 2... After examining the source "User Agreement" Yandex, answer the following questions:

Question	Answer
1. At what address is the Yandex user agreement page located?
2. In what cases does Yandex have the right to refuse a user to use its services?
3. How does Yandex monitor user transactions?
4. What is meant by the term "content" in the PS?
5. What does the PS say about the prohibition of the publication of materials related to: ü treatment of animals; ü posting and promoting pornography



6. What is the maximum size of files and archives posted by users when using the free hosting service?
7. Your mailbox on Yandex Mail will be deleted if you have not used it for more

Assignment 3... After examining the presentation "Computer Software" (located on the teacher's website), fill in the table:

Assignment 4... After examining the software of the computer you are working on, fill out the list:

List of standard programs

V general case under information resources means the whole set of information obtained and accumulated in the development of science and practical activities of people, for their multipurpose use in social production and management.

To ensure their activities, public authorities, local governments, organizations, individual citizens form information resources.

In the information society, special attention is paid to information resources and their importance is emphasized in comparison with traditional types of resources, for example, minerals. The efficiency of access to information resources is sharply increased, and the use of computer telecommunication networks becomes possible. According to the completeness of the information provided, to Russian information resources, hosted on the Internet can be attributed to:

resources of public authorities;
library resources;
legal resources;
archival resources;
educational resources.

Let's consider them in more detail.

As an example resources of public authorities you can bring the server of state authorities of the Russian Federation (RF) "Official Russia" located at http://www.gov.ru.

From the Official Russia website, you can visit the following resources:

The President of the Russian Federation;
federal executive bodies;
Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;
the judiciary of the Russian Federation;
Security Council of the Russian Federation;
regional government bodies of the Russian Federation, etc.

Another example of resources of public authorities is the portal of state and municipal services located at http://www.gosuslugi.ru. The portal provides quick access to information necessary for citizens and organizations to receive public services, serves as a single "entry point" for citizens when informing and receiving public services, contains a presentation of information about public services that is understandable for citizens, including examples of filling out applications, etc.

Let's move on to consideration library resources posted on the Internet. Examples include:

electronic catalog of the Russian State Library (RSL) (www.rsl.ru). The fund is a collection of electronic copies of valuable and most requested publications from the collections of the RSL, from external sources and documents originally created in electronic form;
electronic catalog of the Russian National Library (www.nlr.ru). The digital library includes handwritten and archival documents, early printed and hand-colored maps, rare books;
scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.RU (http://elibrary.ru) - the largest Russian information portal in the field of science, technology, medicine and education, containing abstracts and full texts of more than 12 million scientific articles and publications. On the eLlBRARY.RU platform, electronic versions of more than 1,700 Russian scientific and technical journals are available, including more than 700 open access journals;
electronic library of the All-Russian State Library for Foreign Literature (VGBIL) named after M.I. Rudomino (http://hyperlib.libfl.ru/index.php). VGBIL carries out work on the automation of library and bibliographic processes, the introduction and development of new information technologies and services, the formation of local industry databases. Along with the usual (paper) catalogs, the readers are provided with electronic catalogs, which contain new book acquisitions, periodicals, etc .;
the state scientific institution "Central Scientific Agricultural Library" of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (www.cnshb.ru) - one of the largest agricultural libraries in the world, serving as the branch national library of Russia on agriculture and food;
university information system RUSSIA (UIS RUSSIA) (http://uisrussia.msu.ru/is4/main.jsp). UIS RUSSIA is supported on the basis of the Research Computing Center of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov and is developing as a thematic electronic library and a base for research in economics, management, sociology, linguistics, philosophy, philology, international relations and other humanities.

Analysis legal information resources on the Internet is necessary not only for modern lawyers, but also for everyone who wants to have fresh legal information on various aspects of modern life. Examples include:

the official website of the ConsultantPlus reference legal system (www.consultant.ru). Currently, ConsultantPlus' clients are more than 300,000 organizations in all regions of the country. The ConsultantPlus system contains over 5,000,000 documents. Internet versions of the ConsultantPlus system contain laws RF, presidential decrees RF, Government decisions and orders RF and other regulatory documents in free access;
information and legal portal GARANT (www.garant.ru). The portal presents all kinds of legal information:
- federal and regional legislation;
- litigation and arbitration practice;
- comments and clarifications to regulatory enactments;
- draft laws;
- international treaties;
- forms of documents;
- normative and technical reference books;
- dictionaries and visual additional reference information.

Archival information resources contain documentary publications of various types (scientific, popular science, educational, local history), archival references, archival extracts, analytical information materials, etc. In particular, the Archives of Russia portal of the Federal Archival Agency (www.rusarchives.ru) contains archival directories, electronic archives, information about historical and documentary exhibitions, on-line project "Victory 1941-1945" and much more.

Another example is the official website of the Federal Archival Agency (http://archives.ru/), which contains a guide to the archives of Russia, an electronic project "Hardened by the Great Patriotic War", etc. In addition, it is possible to search for the necessary information on archive sites, located in the Russian-speaking part of the Internet.

You can increase the effectiveness and visibility of teaching in various disciplines by referring to educational information resources. The largest of them include:

catalog of educational resources on the Internet (http://katalog.iot.ru). The site contains information with which you can get access to federal, regional educational resources; held and upcoming events, which are attended by teachers and schoolchildren it. etc .;
the federal portal "Russian Education" (www.edu.ru), which contains a catalog of educational Internet resources, an electronic archive of regulatory documents of federal educational authorities, databases of educational institutions and much more;
the Russian educational portal (www.school.edu.ru) provides quick access to educational information, provides practical assistance to participants in the educational process using new educational technologies;
information system "Single window to educational resources" (http://window.edu.ru), which provides free access to the integral catalog of educational Internet resources, to the electronic library of educational materials for general and vocational education and to the resources of the federal educational system portals;
the portal "Information and communication technologies in education" (www.ict.edu.ru), designed to organize online access to information resources of educational, methodological, reference and informational purposes, posted both on the portal itself and on other portals and sites.

Methods of working with information resources, allowing, in particular, to search for information, will be discussed later. If you master the initial knowledge of the search methodology, the formulation and implementation of a search query will not present any difficulties in the future, which means that you can always find the information you need. However, it is recommended to visit the Internet sites, links to which are given in the paragraph, in order to find out about the general rules for using various information resources, to estimate the amount of information that can be provided with their help.

Internet technologies, just like industrial or financial technologies, they determine the means and form in which the joint activities of people are realized in order to achieve certain goals. Industrial technologies and technological lines are well known, which combine the activities of individual workers, workshops or entire industries in the form of production chains.

Internet technologies combine information flows from a large number of actors to achieve greater consistency in their actions, as well as to more accurately determine the content of their future actions.

Let's list the main competencies that a person who owns Internet technologies should have:

work with internet browsers;
search for the necessary information using search engines;
sending and receiving messages by e-mail;
obtaining information from Internet libraries, Internet media, etc .;
exchange of information on forums;
participation in teleconferences;
organization of video conferencing;
ordering goods in online stores;
using the services of Internet travel agencies, Internet companies;
development of hypertext pages (sites);
use of reference services ("message boards");
communication via Internet telephony.

Thus, getting acquainted with the theoretical and practical material of this publication, you will be able to apply knowledge and skills, to successfully act on the basis of practical experience in solving everyday problems in the field of Internet technologies.

Test questions and tasks

1. What is meant by information resources?
2. List the main information resources available on the Internet.
3. Using the Official Russia website, provide a list of government bodies available through this resource. Analyze the regional government bodies of the Russian Federation posted on the site. Find the site (portal, server) of the region, the edge where you were born. Present the information posted on such a resource in the form of an essay.
4. List the categories of public services provided through the portal "Public Services".
5. Tell us what collections are available to the user on the website of the Russian State Library.
6. What projects have been implemented on the website of the Russian State Library?
7. Perform the classification of the resources presented on the website of the Russian National Library.
8. What relevant reference information is available on the official website of the ConsultantPlus reference legal system?
9. List the on-line projects available on the website of the Federal Archival Agency.
10. Using the catalog of educational resources on the Internet, describe the federal information and educational portals.
11. What are the catalogs of vocational education available through the information system "Single window to educational resources".
12. What are the main competencies that a person who owns Internet technologies should have?

Each of us is familiar with the traditional types of public resources. These include natural or raw materials, material, financial, labor and energy. But this list is not exhaustive. In addition to it, there are also information resources. Over time, their importance increases more and more. And this is confirmed by the fact that information is becoming a commodity with a value comparable to traditional resources.

Definition of the concept

Surely if you ask any person “What do you mean by information resources?”, At first this question will cause him some difficulties. Indeed, unlike the traditional reserves that society possesses, R&D is a product of intellectual activity. It is created by the most creative and qualified part of the population and is a national wealth. At the same time, information resources refer to renewable goods. After all, they have the ability to replicate based on their social needs.

To the question "What do you mean by information resources?" the answer may be as follows. To a significant extent, IR are materialized elements and are represented by books and articles, documents and databases and knowledge bases, as well as algorithms of computer programs, works of literature, art, etc.

What conclusion can be drawn from this? Information resources are the knowledge that human society has accumulated throughout the history of its development. At the same time, IRs are often alienated from their creators. Sometimes such resources are even considered as general strategic ones. At the same time, they belong to all of humanity.

What is included in information resources?

The intellectual reserves of mankind are very important for the development of society. After all, they combine in themselves all the primary information that reflects a person's knowledge about the environment, about the experience of his activities. In addition, IR also includes secondary information. It arises through the processing and processing of knowledge received by people.

IR, on the one hand, is the amount of experience and skills that people have accumulated. It can be called expert knowledge. The volume of such information resources is constantly growing. This is due to more focused and improved scientific research, which often leads to discoveries. The growth in the volume of information resources is also taking place in connection with the receipt of a broader and deeper education by the population, as well as due to the fact that modern people everywhere use the means of communications and computers, communications, etc.

On the other hand, IR in its main volume is already accumulated information, recorded on various types of media, which took place throughout the entire period of society's existence. This process continues at the present time, and is proceeding at a fairly rapid pace thanks to the use of modern communication and computer facilities.

Primary information

This category of IR includes the knowledge that reflects the specifics of the sphere or area of creation, as well as the source. The primary is information that is formed independently, based on existing natural conditions. This can be, for example, the number of rings present on the cut of a tree trunk, which characterize its age.

This type of information includes both qualitative and quantitative characteristics of various social processes. Together, they form a class that bears the name of the information being captured. Those IRs that are distinguished according to this criterion are subdivided into socio-economic, industrial and natural ones. These can be, for example, numbers indicating population growth.

Secondary information

This type of IR includes information obtained artificially due to ongoing creative work or research activities. Secondary information is based on already existing knowledge of models and special parameters. An example is semantic, logical, mathematical processing, etc.

The same category includes objects that are created as author's. For example, works in the field of art and literature. One of the most important elements of secondary information is information that is the result of people's intellectual activity.

There is also a certain classification of information resources of the secondary type. So, they distinguish between information obtained on the basis of processing existing information, as well as new ones that record what mankind did not yet know about. This category includes forecasts and discoveries in the field of various natural and social resources.

Means of obtaining information

How can a person use the knowledge already accumulated by society? To do this, he is offered the following types of information resources:

Libraries;

Database;

Various services, etc.

Let's consider different types of information resources in more detail.

media

The mass media are for a modern person one of the most important types of information resources, a kind of almost constantly present background of his life. This became possible due to the rapid development of online media.

In this case, access to information resources is carried out thanks to high-tech equipment, which, in particular, is computer technology. These devices, characterized by high efficiency of information processing, have led to the formation of the newest information and communication sphere, which is the Internet.

The World Wide Web has entered the infrastructure of modern society and has become its most important component. The information resources of the Internet are so vast that they serve as the most effective medium for mass communication, differing from previous sources in their interactive and multimedia capabilities in providing information. This allowed the emergence of online media, which over time moved to one of the main information resources and began to play a significant role in obtaining information.

It is worth noting that the Internet itself is only a means of communication. However, every blog or site is actually equated with a media outlet. At the same time, the level of trust in online information sometimes exceeds that enjoyed by official sources (paper newspapers, TV or government agencies).

Electronic Libraries

Among all types of information resources, this is a distributed system that allows the user to view documents using the Internet.

On the one hand, an electronic library performs all the functions that are assigned to a traditional library. After all, it also provides the necessary information to the reader. But on the other hand, EB plays a role that is characteristic of AIBS. After all, it organizes the storage of remote and local electronic information, as well as access to them. At the same time, EL uses the latest technical means and information resources.

What is the concept of "electronic library"? This term is understood as an information system, which is designed for reliable storage and efficient use of a variety of electronic documents. Such a system allows:

Ensure the safety of printed material;

Create conditions for greater accessibility of information;

Maximize the level of technological development of institutions that benefit society through their work.

User service principle

The use of information resources in an electronic library differs from that which exists in its classical form. After all, all her collections consist of copies, not of primary sources and originals. EL is able to provide high-quality and efficient service to users if:

There will be a lot of electronic information resources. Some critical mass will need to be passed to draw the user's attention to the fund.
There will be a sufficient number of personal computers to create the required number of jobs.

In addition, the Internet must have the necessary quality, which will allow readers to receive the information they need without any interruptions.

Electronic databases

If we consider the classification of information resources, then this type can be characterized as a set of files and labels, organized in a special way.

One of the types of such databases are documents pre-typed using text editors and then grouped according to specific topics. The second type is considered to be files that include spreadsheets. Such databases are collected together according to the directions of their use.

Websites

This is one of the types of information resources located in the vastness of the Global Network. For example, a corporate website. This Internet resource is dedicated to any organization, enterprise or company. As a rule, the site introduces the company's activities, types and directions of its work, reflecting a variety of reference materials. This can be the terms of payment and delivery of goods or services, price lists, advertising information, participation in exhibitions, the availability of the necessary quality certificates, etc. On such an information resource, the user gets acquainted with information that has a narrow thematic focus. Sites can contain many hyperlinks on their pages, allowing you to better navigate in them.

Services

This information resource is a whole group of sites. Having entered the page he needs, a person can use one or another service, as well as a blog or e-mail box to receive messages. Here you can find the necessary information, for example, about the weather forecast, about exchange rates, etc.

Informational portal

This source is a website that is organized as a multi-level association of various services and resources. The information portal is updated in real time. An example of such a resource is a portal that supports the unified state exam.

Other classification

In addition to the grouping indicated above, information resources are subdivided:

By their intended purpose (corporate and personal, educational, media, etc.);

By the way they are presented (databases, Web page, etc.);

By the type of medium (hard copy - a book, machine-readable - photo, film, communication channels - radio, TV);

By methods of storage and further use (documents on paper, array, fund, archive, automated form);

By the form of ownership (national treasures, property of the state, as well as of the subjects of the Russian Federation or individuals);

Basic parameters of IR

The created information resource is subject to assessment. However, to date, the necessary criteria have not yet been developed for this. Currently, there are parameters of information resources, which, as a rule, are used to assess the qualitative and quantitative state of research and development. These are content and coverage, time and source, compliance with needs (volume) and quality, language and method of fixation, as well as cost.

In determining each of these parameters, its own set of measurements and differences are used to express the relationship between quantitative and qualitative characteristics.

In order to measure the necessary parameters of information resources, in practice, they use various measuring scales:

Names and classifications;

Ordinal;

Ordinal with an interval;

Proportional (quantitative).

Wherein:

The content of the information resource will make it possible to determine the problem area that it covers, its topic, idea and theory.
Scope describes, limits and defines content, clarifying or limiting it. This parameter, as a rule, is characterized by the volume, sufficiency and completeness of the information resource. Completeness is the ratio of all information available to the user.
The volume is a parameter indicating the total amount of information that has become available to the user. Its sufficiency is determined by the possibility of achieving the goal set for the user.
Time characterizes information in terms of its real state.

As you can see, information has become an integral part of our life.