It is known that all functions and processes in the human body are controlled by hormones. And even feelings such as tenderness, affection, maternal instinct are excited by a substance - oxytocin hormone.

Thus, understanding what oxytocin is, it is possible to correct the internal, psychological well-being of a person. And this is extremely important, for example, after childbirth, when a woman is in postpartum depression.

Functions of oxytocin

An oxytocin test is able to reveal the cause of hostility and aggressive behavior of a person, to return peace and mutual love to the family. After all, sometimes the problem leading to divorce is that one of the spouses has extremely low oxytocin levels. And the reason for this condition is a pathology or tumor of the hypothalamus. It is in this organ that oxytocin is produced, and after accumulation in the back of the pituitary gland, it enters the bloodstream. The oxytocin test, in this case, allows you to find the right direction in search of a solution to the problem.

The normal level of a hormone such as oxytocin contributes to a certain pattern of human behavior, the main function inherent in this microelement:

1. Oxytocin is an attachment hormone, so at its normal level, a mother becomes attached to her child from the first minutes of his birth. She forgets to eat and sleep, while experiencing the feeling of happiness that the child is in her arms. In this state, the woman takes increased care of the baby, which significantly increases his chances of growing up healthy and strong.
2. Oxytocin levels in children also increase after tactile contact with one of their parents. The child experiences happiness after being hugged by the mother. This observation was confirmed by measuring the level of the hormone in the blood of foster children who know that these people are not their real mom and dad. This, by the way, explains the difficult adaptation of the adopted child in the new family.
3. The hormone of joy reduces stress. This is confirmed by the experience on mice, which are shared with their relatives, achieving increased feelings of discomfort and stress. After the animals were injected with oxytocin, they returned to normal - the stress subsided.
4. Oxytocin is a hormone of both love and tenderness, and therefore it reinforces memories that cause pleasant emotions. For example, an adult man, inhaling the hormone oxytocin, even of synthetic origin, remembers his mother with pleasure. In the event that he never had a warm relationship with his mother, then her emotional rejection is also enhanced by this substance.
5. Oxytocin is produced especially actively during childbirth. This trace element causes the walls of the uterus to contract, helping the baby to leave the womb of its mother. The functions of oxytocin do not end there, since immediately after childbirth, it stimulates the tubules in the woman's mammary glands, helping them to produce milk. This feature of the trace element is widely used in medicine and pharmacology. So the drug containing oxytocin "Pitocin" just causes contractions in severe prolonged labor.
6. The oxytocin formula is such that it can induce sexual attraction in an adult man. Along with dozens of other hormones released during intercourse, oxytocin induces emotional attachment to a woman. Therefore, the decision to marry your partner, immediately after sex, happens much more often than people think. Especially in emotional, young men.
7. A microelement produced in the hypothalamus is able to reduce dependence on drugs. This property can be used during the rehabilitation of drug addicts and alcoholics.
8. Disrupted hormonal levels in a child with autism can cause complete social blockade. To treat such patients, or rather to increase their social activity, they undergo a course of treatment with drugs containing oxytocin.
9. The hormone of happiness is such only in relation to its relatives, children, and the beloved woman. But when a man of a stranger or an enemy invades the society, this microelement enhances the feeling of aggression. This feature of the human body allowed him at the dawn of history to protect his family from dangerous neighbors.
10. The mechanism of action of this hormone is not limited to increasing the level of happiness. It is also capable of inducing deep restful sleep. The trace element suppresses cortisol, which is produced during stress and mobilizes the body for long wakefulness.
11. Chemically, the hormone has been studied quite well, but its effect on the body and, most importantly, the human psyche, is still being actively studied. So more recently, experiments were carried out that showed that under the influence of oxytocin, a person becomes much more generous to people. Even completely unfamiliar.

Increased oxytocin

To the question of oxytocin, what is it, you can give a short answer - this is happiness. And as you know, there is never too much of it. And it is very bad if this microelement is absent in the body at all. It is unpleasant to see a mother who does not love her child or spouses who hate each other.

Knowing how oxytocin is produced, and in which part of the brain it happens, hormone deficiency can be dealt with in different ways. If it is caused by a tumor in the hypothalamus, then it is removed surgically. If everything is not so bad, then you can raise the level of oxytocin in the blood with a few simple manipulations:

1. Embrace. How can you tell your little child about your love? Tell him about it? So he will not understand anything. And without love, it will be very difficult for him and his parents. Therefore, you just need to hug him and hug him. And no matter how old he is, 1 year or 10. The effect will be the same - the inflow of oxytocin into the roof of both the baby and the parent.
2. Sometimes a strong, friendly handshake is enough for the hormone level to rise. This gesture doesn't have to be a mere fiction - it's good for your health.
3. A lot of oxytocin is released into the bloodstream during tactile contact with an animal. Cat, dog, horse. This method is even used in the treatment of autism, children with this diagnosis are rapidly recovering from horseback riding or swimming in a pool with dolphins. Sometimes petting your pet can help improve your mood.
4. The role of group play should not be underestimated. The notorious "team building" still has a scientific basis. When playing together, strangers easily get closer, finding each other pleasant in communication. And this is not only jumping in bags in nature. An example of a group activity might be drill in the army, singing hymns in church, or a group dance like a corps de ballet.
5. Eating a banana or avocado is sometimes enough to boost your mood. Foods containing iron, such as apples, are also useful. In addition, you need to include in the diet foods rich in iodine - a building material for almost all hormones. There is a lot of it in sea fish, shrimps, oysters.
6. Relaxation with family or close friends meets the requirements for the release of the required trace element - a calm, friendly environment that can induce a rush of oxytocin. It is clear that the hormone is destroyed under the influence of alcohol, so gatherings do not imply drunkenness.
7. The colossal production of the hormone is caused by a bright orgasm. In this case, this applies to both sexes.
8. There is also a drug-based way to increase the level of oxytocin in the blood. It can be taken as drops or injections. However, the effect of such a drug is extremely short.

In order to teach your body to produce oxytocin on its own, you need to adhere to a certain lifestyle. There is nothing difficult or painful about it.

It is necessary to give up alcohol and cigarettes, because nicotine and ethyl alcohol destroy the structure of all hormones in the body.

You need to eat varied, but without overeating, in small portions 6-7 times a day. There is no need to adhere to any special diets, moreover, mono diets, vegetarianism or other extreme methods of nutrition are simply dangerous to health.

It is necessary to exercise regularly, and if for health reasons or age it is not possible, you need to walk in the fresh air every day.

And finally, there will be no release of the hormone of love, without manifestations of love. Hugs, touches, kisses, all these manifestations of tenderness cause an increase in the level of oxytocin in the blood and, as a result, the desire to hug and kiss your child or loved one. That's all there is to know about the hormone responsible for love and affection.

Oxytocin for men - what is it and what is it for?

When is Oxytocin for Men needed and how to take it?

The effect of the hormone on the male body. Oxytocin is a hormone of the sex group, which is predominantly produced in the female body and is responsible for the normal course of the lactation process. However, it is synthesized in small quantities in men in the hypothalamus. Scientists still cannot accurately determine its direct functions, but they do not reject the fact of its psychological influence. It is also known that oxytocin is produced in large quantities in a man upon the onset of orgasm. Why do the representatives of the stronger sex use it?
Oxytocin is the safest hormone, which also inhibits the release of testosterone in the body. At the same time, the man's libido (craving for the opposite sex) decreases, the level of natural sex hormones and the functionality of the prostate gland normalize.

REFERENCE. Due to the inhibition of testosterone production, Oxytocin can still be used in the treatment of prostate cancer (tumor progression directly depends on the rate of testosterone synthesis). Why is it prescribed to men? For the following effects on the nervous system:

• elimination of stress development factors;
• getting rid of the critical sensitivity of others;
• to reduce sex drive;
• to enhance integrity;
• to improve emotional sensitivity.

In fact, the above are the factors of influence of the increased concentration of the hormone on the male body. The effect on the female is similar, but with some differences. And in the complex, Oxytocin acts as a powerful, but absolutely harmless sedative on the male nervous system.

And in the circles of the fairer sex, Oxytocin is often called a hormone that prevents treason. By suppressing libido in a man, after using it, the desire to change his wife is minimized. And yes, it is sometimes used for this. Moreover, the men themselves, who understand that it is extremely difficult to hinder their natural reflexes. And Oxytocin is also used by men in bodybuilding. The main thing is its effect on reducing the production of cortisol. The latter, in turn, is used to slow the rate of muscle growth. Moreover, in this case it is used as a nasal spray, while in the rest - as injections (intramuscularly or intravenously, depending on the desired effect). However, initially, a reaction test should be carried out (the drug can provoke an allergy), and with it the man should also take ascorbate (to normalize the absorption of the hormone).

When is a hormone needed? Doctors themselves indicate that men should take Oxytocin exclusively to minimize stress or neuralgic disorders and it is highly desirable only under medical supervision. IMPORTANT! It should not be forgotten that Oxytocin is a hormone. Its use is a direct intervention in the functioning of the endocrine system. This can lead to hormonal disruption in the end. And do not forget about the possible side effects of its use:

An upset bowel movement;
- nausea;
- muscle pain after strength training;
- lowering blood pressure;
- cardiopalmus;
- arrhythmia;
- allergies (including anaphylactic shock).

Also, Oxytocin can be prescribed when its natural concentration in the male body is too low. But this is already a disease of the hypothalamus, which requires an accurate determination of the cause of the hormonal disruption. And Oxytocin only temporarily reduces the negative effects of the absence of the hormone. How to use? Oxytocin is produced in the form of injections (a ready-made solution of 1 or 2 milliliters, which is similar to 5 and 10 OD) and a spray. The dosage should be determined by the doctor based on the weight and age of the man. The admissible course of admission cannot exceed 2 weeks. Doctors recommend taking it in small doses with an equal period of 2-3 weeks. For treatment, the dosage may be increased (1 ampoule in 1-3 OD after 3 days). If any of the above side effects occur, the use of the hormone should be discontinued and a doctor should be consulted. There is a category of men who are immune to synthetic Oxytocin - this fact must be taken into account.

Oxytocin is a hormone that directly affects the psychology of men and the production of testosterone. It is for the purpose of obtaining these effects that it is used. Along with this, it suppresses libido (craving for the opposite sex). Still, it is better to consult a doctor in advance on this matter.

Oxytocin Herbal Facts & Myths: Where Is It Found?

To control your hormone levels, you need to know where it is. Where can you find oxytocin besides herbs? Natural hormones are produced exclusively in the human body. The formation and functioning of Oxytocin is controlled by a special part of the brain - the hypothalamus. The work of the pituitary gland depends on hormones that are produced in the hypothalamus. The well-coordinated functioning of the structures of the brain affects the state of the reproductive system. Oxytocin enters the pituitary gland, from where a signal is transmitted to the ovaries, which produce female sex hormones. Pharmacists have used this trait to develop drugs that stimulate the muscle activity of the uterus.

On the first day after fertilization, oxytocin-based agents provoke a miscarriage. This is called a medical abortion. A few hours before delivery, medications with neurohormones stimulate labor. Pregnant women need to know where Oxytocin is found. This will save them from miscarriage and premature birth.

The neurohormone is found in herbs such as: yarrow; stinging nettle; strawberries; bird highlander; blue cohosh; shepherd's handbag; cotton.

In addition to herbs, Oxytocin is found in water pepper tincture and ascorbic acid. These drugs are often prescribed to women after a uterine curettage procedure. As an abortifacient, water pepper tincture and ascorbic acid are not used. What compositional features do fruits and vegetables have? Recent research by scientists states that food does not contain pure Oxytocin. This hormone is produced only by the human body.
However, a substance chemically similar to Oxytocin is found in such fruits: dates; Garnet; avocado; banana.

Components resembling neurohormones are present in such vegetables: squash; Red beetroot; asparagus; potato; corn; celery.

REFERENCE! When fruits and vegetables are heat treated, substances similar to Oxytocin are destroyed. To increase the level of the hormone in the blood, food must be eaten fresh. With the help of fruits and vegetables, you will not be able to significantly affect the amount of Oxytocin in the body. For medicinal purposes, an artificial hormone is prescribed in the form of tablets or injections.

Foods that stimulate hormone production Chemicals found in some foods trigger the production of oxytocin in the hypothalamus. The most powerful natural stimulant for the production of this hormone is dates. Information that pregnant women need to eat a handful of date palm fruits a day before giving birth is even contained in the Holy Quran. If you exceed the permissible limit of the daily dose of this product, then in the early stages it can lead to termination of pregnancy. It is recommended to eat no more than 10 dates daily. In late pregnancy and just before childbirth, the number of fetuses can be increased to 15 per day.

Corn and potato chips trigger the formation of Oxytocin. However, these products themselves have little effect on hormones. The increased activity of the hypothalamus is associated with other components that make up the chips, namely sunflower oil and salt. The combination of all ingredients contributes to the formation of a substance that enters the body and stimulates the release of Oxytocin. Pomegranate juice is one of the best foods for increasing neurohormone levels. One glass a day is enough to ensure an easy delivery and facilitate lactation. In early pregnancy, it is not recommended to consume pomegranate juice daily.

Nutrition Tips

The most useful product, which contains substances similar to Oxytocin, is pomegranate. This fruit contains 15 amino acids, vitamins and minerals necessary for normal human life. Pomegranate is found in many diets. However, the diet should be varied.

ATTENTION! You can not eat one pomegranate, as this will negatively affect the work of the stomach. The ideal option is to supplement your diet with a glass of diluted pomegranate juice daily or several times a week.

Many women are interested in whether dates can be attributed to a diet or a diet using these fruits. Doctors say that if you drink 1 glass of milk and eat a handful of dates, then a person will provide himself with a daily requirement of all the necessary minerals and vitamins. However, the calories in this portion are not enough. Therefore, a diet based on dates necessarily also includes cereals and vegetables. Oxytocin-promoting corn and potato chips are not beneficial. They are tasty. Occasionally you can pamper yourself with such a delicacy. However, chips are high in salt and oil and are often discouraged.

Conclusion

Only a few herbs contain pure oxytocin. Plants cannot be used without the permission of the attending physician. Otherwise, complications may develop in the form of early miscarriage, uterine bleeding, endometritis or infertility. Foods contain substances that, in their chemical composition and effect on the body, resemble neurohormones. Vegetables and fruits cannot significantly affect the production of Oxytocin. Food only slightly increases the level of the hormone in the blood.

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Recent research has shown that oxytocin affects the rate of wound healing.

Increasing oxytocin levels after positive social interaction helps speed recovery. Scientists from Ohio State University (USA) tested this with the help of 37 courageous married couples. The participants in the experiment received small cuts on their forearms. After the procedure, their condition was monitored daily by assessing the rate of wound healing and measuring the level of oxytocin.

It turned out that an increase in plasma oxytocin after interaction with a spouse correlated with faster wound healing. This is thought to be related to the ability of oxytocin to reduce anti-inflammatory cytokine levels. The study provided preliminary evidence that positive social interactions can directly affect people's health.

Why can't you take oxytocin every day?

Having learned about the amazing properties of oxytocin, many ask a logical question: why can't you inhale it every day, becoming kinder and more responsive? The reason is the side effects, which include an increase in heart rate and an increase in blood pressure. In addition, the systemic use of oxytocin can negatively affect memory.

This is why oxytocin is currently used exclusively as directed by a physician: to facilitate childbirth, stimulate breast milk production, treat autism, social anxiety, and borderline personality disorder.

It is known to use oxytocin in combination with antibiotics in the treatment of purulent soft tissue diseases [Kurlaev P.P. Experimental and clinical substantiation of the use of oxytocin in complex antibacterial therapy of purulent diseases of soft tissues: Author's abstract. Cand. honey. sciences. - Perm, 1986 - 24 p.], To stimulate reparative processes in the wound [Gavrilenko V.G. Clinical rationale for the use of oxytocin in the complex treatment of diabetic purulent-necrotic lesions of the feet: Abstract of the thesis. Cand. honey. sciences. - Orenburg, 1999 - 25 p.].

The hormone oxytocin, which is often called the "love hormone", is able to prevent aging of muscles and restore their youthfulness.

The effect of oxytocin on human physiology is multifaceted. Let's consider its main functions.

• The effect of oxytocin on sexual function. It enhances arousal, desire, libido, released into the blood as a result of hugs and caresses. After orgasm, its level is very high in both sexes. This is due to the contractile movements of the muscles of the reproductive organs. There is an assumption that it is oxytocin that promotes the movement of sperm to the eggs. It has been found to strengthen the emotional bond between partners.
• Participation in the regulation of blood (arterial) pressure. Oxytocin moderately lowers blood pressure by dilating blood vessels, particularly coronary arteries.
• Maintaining water-salt balance... Oxytocin exhibits diuretic properties (accelerates the formation of urine), especially enhances the excretion of sodium by the kidneys.
• Influence on the synthesis of other hormones. It has been found that oxytocin enhances the production of endorphin- another hormone of happiness. It is important that it regulates the production of the male sex hormone testosterone and promotes its transformation into an active form - dihydrotestosterone. It also reduces the synthesis of cortisol (stress hormone) and adrenocorticotropic hormone, which trigger destructive processes in the muscles.
• Effects on stem cells. Oxytocin enhances the proliferation (multiplication by division) of stem cells, which encourages them to become cells of the heart and bone tissue. Rejuvenates muscle stem cells.
• Maintaining the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. This hormone promotes the delivery of iodine to thyroid cells.
• Effect on blood glucose concentration... In experiments on rodents that received injections of oxytocin, the animals began to eat less, their fat cells were burned. That is, oxytocin promotes weight loss.
• Better sleep by reducing the level of anxiety, anxiety, stress, depression.
• Prevention of the development of breast cancer.
• Reducing inflammation and accelerating the body's recovery by suppressing some of the cytokines - specific proteins that function in the immune system.

Stimulation of uterine contractions during childbirth. During the final stage of pregnancy, the level of oxytocin in a woman's body rises. At first, it promotes the opening of the uterine canal, and in the II and III stages of contractions, it causes contractions of its smooth muscles - it increases their frequency and strength. After the baby is born, oxytocin is needed to quickly cleanse the uterus and restore it to its normal size.

Providing lactation. When a newborn begins to suckle at the breast, the production of oxytocin immediately increases, which acts on muscle cells and facilitates the movement of milk through the milk duct system and flow into the baby's mouth. The release of oxytocin outside of feeding time leads to spontaneous milk production. Depression, stress, and fatigue interfere with the synthesis of this hormone, which can cause muscle contraction and make it difficult for your baby to suckle. Often this is what becomes the reason for the refusal of children from the mother's breast. Therefore, positive emotions and the ability to relieve stress are so important for mothers.

Researchers have found promising prospects when studying the effects of oxytocin on autistic behavior, in whom there was an increase in the expression of emotions, in particular the emotion of recognition, a decrease in fear of other people, with the introduction of additional oxytocin into the body. They even made eye contact with those around them, which, in principle, is not typical for them. So it is likely that oxytocin will still show itself as a drug in psychiatry.

Perhaps it will find application and in narcology, since studies indicate a decrease in tolerance to drugs and alcohol, a mitigation of the withdrawal syndrome, which can be used in the treatment of pathological addictions. In gerontology oxytocin can be a rejuvenating agent, since its systemic administration promotes muscle regeneration through stem cell division. Studies of the results of oxytocin therapy have also shown the effectiveness of this hormone for vaginal atrophy in menopausal women (vaginal injections were used), for headaches (nasal spray) and for improving mood in depression.

In sports practice, in particular in bodybuilding, oxytocin can be used in connection with its action on stem cells (increased proliferation) and strengthening, renewal of muscle cells, restoration of muscle tissue after increased physical exertion, as well as in connection with the suppression of the production of corticotropin and cortisol, which have a destructive effect on muscles. It lowers the level of cytokines, due to which inflammation passes faster, wounds and injuries heal faster. However, without the appointment and supervision of a sports medicine doctor, injections or nasal administration of oxytocin is not recommended, since the hormone can provoke allergies (up to anaphylactic shock), heart rhythm disturbances, hypotension, vomiting, hormonal imbalance.

Oxytocin deficiency and excess

A lack of oxytocin can severely impair a person's quality of life. A deficiency of this hormone can develop in connection with the natural aging of the body, in women - at the onset of menopause, when the secretory functions are weakened; with endocrine disorders; immunodeficiency (HIV, AIDS), infectious brain damage, autism. Alcohol and drugs also reduce its synthesis.

The consequences of a lack of the hormone of love and trust can be difficulties in socialization, communication, lack of orgasm and true emotional intimacy in intimate relationships, increased levels of anxiety, depression, chronic stress and irritability, sociopathy and narcissism, selfishness, inability to sympathize with other people and enter their position. , inability to be friends.

However, too much oxytocin is not good for anyone. Urinary excretion decreases and sodium metabolism is disturbed, swelling occurs, and blood pressure may decrease. In pregnant women, it causes a threat of miscarriage or premature birth. In men, an excess of this substance reduces the production of the main androgenic hormone - testosterone, which is responsible for masculinity, competitive qualities and rationality. In study and work, off-scale oxytocin is also not an assistant, as it disrupts perception and memorization, operating with information that has no personal and emotional value. Its overabundance makes a person overly trusting, suggestible and controlled, dividing the world into “us” and “aliens”, aggressive towards other groups that are not referential to him, disinhibited (intoxicated with oxytocin).

“Oxytocin deficiency is much more common in northern countries than in southern people, although this has not yet been proven by research,” Ertog says in an interview with Tatler. - I have a lot of Russian patients. They are treated for chronic fatigue, low stress resistance, depression and receive oxytocin therapy. ” “In our latitudes there is little sun, little reason for joy,” agrees Elena Romantsova, endocrinologist and nutritionist of the Moscow clinic of longevity GLMed. "Out of a hundred of my Moscow patients, about ten I would prescribe oxytocin." True, over the years of work, Elena has never written him out to anyone.

The thing is that it is almost impossible to diagnose this very shortage objectively, that is, on the basis of analyzes. In a normal situation, the level of oxytocin in the blood is almost zero - the hormone produced by the hypothalamus accumulates in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is released into the blood during moments of unbridled joy. “That is why analysis for its level is not done in ordinary laboratories, only in scientific centers, and then in the framework of scientific research,” says Gerard Salama, President of the International Association for Medical Research in the Field of Anti-Aging. - But even in this case it is difficult to determine the deficit. At the moment of happiness, the level of the hormone jumps hundreds of times, but even then this peak lasts for several minutes, and then the level again drops to zero. " “I am researching blood plasma,” adds Thierry Ertog. - However, for the analysis to be accurate, it is necessary to immediately send the collected blood to a centrifuge to separate the plasma, and it is expensive to have such equipment in every laboratory. Another way is to examine urine rather than blood. This is done, say, in the Meridian Valley Lab in Seattle, USA. The urine should be collected within twenty-four hours. But even in this case, the analysis is more of a scientific than a practical interest. Doctors focus more on symptoms and patient interviews. "

A good endocrinologist will first examine your ears: the curl and lobes are reddish, which does not need an additional dose of oxytocin. If the ears are white, especially when the face is reddish, then there is a deficit. “Another symptom is an increased sensitivity to pain,” says Andrey Lobuznov, specialist in functional, preventive and anti-aging medicine at the European Medical Center in Moscow. “Fibromyalgia is also a chronic muscle pain in different parts of the body, the cause of which cannot be detected by either a consultation of neuropathologists or a computed tomography scanner.”

But if there is disorder with humor, libido, and friends, it’s still too early to rejoice. “If a person withdraws into himself, this may be a sign of a deficiency of thyroid hormones,” comments Lobuznov. - Or adrenal insufficiency. Or chronic intoxication due to bowel disease. All this is very easy to detect with the help of analyzes. Once a man came and said: “The neighbor at the dacha is older than me, but looks twice as young, cheerful, cheerful. I want that too. Give the hormone! " And he has complete trouble in his analyzes: uric acid is off scale in his blood, liver functions are impaired, testosterone levels are low. In this case, there is no point in giving oxytocin - without testosterone it will not work. "

It is even worse to take oxytocin when there is a lack of cortisol. “This is one of the vital hormones, the hormone of reaction to danger, stress, it helps to cope with them, - says Ertog. - Thanks to cortisol, a person concentrates better, thinks faster, glucose is supplied to the blood, which is necessary for the muscles to work. Oxytocin, on the other hand, negatively affects the work of the adrenal glands, which produce cortisol, and if it is not produced enough, a breakdown can occur. So cortisol levels need to be adjusted before oxytocin is administered. ” “It is worth checking the level of hemoglobin, making tests for vitamins and microelements, including toxic ones,” adds Elena Romantsova. "To rule out diseases more serious than oxytocin deficiency."

All the wonderful effects of the cuddle hormone occur only when taken in a nasal or sublingual (sublingual) form - this way the hormone can pass the blood-brain barrier. In Russia, you can buy oxytocin only in ampoules for injection. “But this is not a problem: there are pharmacies in Moscow where they will make sublingual drops from liquid for injections,” consoles Andrei Lobuznov. The Moscow Endocrine Plant makes injectable oxytocin, which is identical to that produced in the body. A pack of ten ampoules, one milliliter each, costs no more than one hundred rubles. One milliliter contains five international doses, which is the recommended single dose.

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“Man is himself the blacksmith of his own happiness,” says a common proverb, but from the point of view of human biochemistry and physiology, this categorical judgment needs to be corrected. It will hardly be possible to "forge" and feel full-fledged happiness without the participation of the so-called "hormones of happiness" - serotonin, dopamine, endorphins, oxytocin and some other substances. This group of compounds is also called neurotransmitters. They carry out the transfer of electrochemical impulses between neurons and other cells, and are also responsible for a positive perception of the world. Each of them enriches our life with additional vivid feelings and emotions. Hormone oxytocin helps disclosure in a person of such sides of his personality as empathy, trust and affection. Thanks to him, we enjoy communication, relationships with friends, loved ones and relatives. Isn't it amazing? So let's take a closer look at exactly how oxytocin affects Fortunately for us, what awaits us in case of its lack or overabundance in the body, and is it possible to somehow control the level of our own oxytocin.

The discovery of oxytocin

I wonder what up discoveries of oxytocin, back in the early 19th century, the term "oxytocic" denoted substances used in the stimulation of labor, in particular ergot, known for its toxicity, which was used to open the uterus of a woman in labor. In English, this word came from Greek, where ὀξύς was understood as "quick birth". The substance itself was discovered in 1906 by a pharmacologist from England, Henry Dale, who established its effect on accelerating childbirth and increasing lactation.

And in 1953, oxytocin became the first synthesized hormone. This breakthrough in biochemistry was made by the American Vincent du Vigno, who discovered the sequence of amino acids included in oxytocin composition... For this, the chemist was awarded the Nobel Prize. If earlier in medicine oxytocin, extracted from the pituitary gland of animals, was used, today it is a completely artificially synthesized hormone, which does not differ from natural in its properties and effects on the body.

General characteristics of oxytocin

Characterization of oxytocin(lat. Oxytocinum) can be briefly reduced to the fact that it is a peptide hormone of 9 amino acids. Its chemical formula is C 43 H 66 N 12 O 12 S 2. It is synthesized in the hypothalamus of mammals, from where it is sent to the pituitary gland, in the posterior lobes of which there is its depot - a kind of reserve, a warehouse from which the substance enters the blood. The bloodstream delivers it to all organs and systems, where it is met by the oxytocin receptors of the cells.

This hormone is the most important neurotransmitter (transmitter of electrochemical impulses, commands of nerve cells), affecting reproductive functions and intimate life, as well as blood pressure, water-salt metabolism. Oxytocin neuroscientists note the special role of this compound in the evolutionary process, as it stimulates the development of social feelings and communication skills.

Effect of oxytocinon human physiology

Although in oxytocin name its role in accelerating labor is indicated, this peptide cannot be called a purely female hormone, since it is significant for both sexes. Effect of oxytocin on human physiology is multifaceted. Let's consider its main functions.

• Stimulation of uterine contractions during childbirth. At the final stage of pregnancy the level of oxytocin in the body women are growing. At first, it promotes the opening of the uterine canal, and in the II and III stages of contractions, it causes contractions of its smooth muscles - it increases their frequency and strength. After the birth of a child oxytocin needed for the speedy cleansing of the uterus and its restoration to normal size.
• Providing lactation. When the newborn begins to suckle at the breast, it immediately increases oxytocin production, which acts on muscle cells and facilitates the movement of milk through the milk duct system and flow into the baby's mouth. Oxytocin release outside feeding time leads to spontaneous milk flow. Depression, stress, and fatigue interfere with the synthesis of this hormone, which can cause muscle contraction and make it difficult for your baby to suckle. Often this is what becomes the reason for the refusal of children from the mother's breast. Therefore, positive emotions and the ability to relieve stress are so important for mothers.
• Effect of oxytocin on sexual function. It enhances desire, libido, released into the blood as a result of hugs and caresses. After orgasm, its level is very high in both sexes. This is due to the contractile movements of the muscles of the reproductive organs. There is an assumption that it is oxytocin that promotes the movement of sperm to the eggs. It has been found to strengthen the emotional bond between partners.
• Participation in the regulation of blood (arterial) pressure. Oxytocin moderately lowers blood pressure by dilating blood vessels, particularly coronary arteries.
• Maintaining water-salt balance... Oxytocin exhibits diuretic properties (accelerates the formation of urine), especially enhances the excretion of sodium by the kidneys.
• Influence on the synthesis of other hormones. Determined that oxytocin enhances working out endorphin- another hormone of happiness. It is important that it regulates the production of the male sex hormone testosterone and promotes its transformation into an active form - dihydrotestosterone. It also reduces the synthesis of cortisol (stress hormone) and adrenocorticotropic hormone, which trigger destructive processes in the muscles.
• Effects on stem cells. Oxytocin enhances the proliferation (multiplication by division) of stem cells, which encourages them to become cells of the heart and bone tissue. Rejuvenates muscle stem cells.
• Maintaining the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. This hormone promotes the delivery of iodine to thyroid cells.
• Effect on blood glucose concentration... In experiments on rodents that received injections of oxytocin, the animals began to eat less, their fat cells were burned. That is oxytocin promotes losing weight.
• Better sleep by reducing the level of anxiety, anxiety, stress, depression.
• Prevention of the development of breast cancer.
• Reducing inflammation and accelerating the body's recovery by suppressing some of the cytokines - specific proteins that function in the immune system.

The effect of the hormone oxytocin on the emotional sphere and human relationships

It is even difficult to say which is more surprising: the participation of hormones in the regulation of physiological functions or their influence on human feelings and relationships in society. The action of the hormone oxytocin on the emotional and mental sphere is truly unique. Without him, we would be completely different! It defines various aspects of our personal and social life.

• A mother's affection for her child ... From the moment of birth, the child is protected by maternal care and love thanks to the large amount of oxytocin, which generates maternal feelings. The fact that women with elevated levels of this hormone experience these feelings more strongly and from the first days build an unusually strong relationship with an infant, was confirmed by a 2007 study published in the scientific publication Psychological Science. Moreover, oxytocin makes the female fearless, and in case of danger, she is ready to protect her offspring at the risk of her life. In fathers, this hormone is synthesized as an empathic reaction at the sight of manifestations of the maternal instinct in a beloved woman.

An interesting experiment in which virgin mice were injected with oxytocin, as a result of which they began to behave towards the mice in the same way as females who gave birth. That is, oxytocin literally reformatted their brains and made them respond to the squeak of babies.

• Development and socialization of the child. American scientists from Atlanta have also established an inverse relationship - between the level of this hormone in adults and the atmosphere in which they spent their childhood. Children from disadvantaged families, those who experienced emotional abuse from their parents or were deprived of communication with their family in the first years of life, may experience lack of oxytocin... This will be expressed in their inability to find contact with other people, problems in the emotionally intimate sphere, less successful socialization.
• Monogamous relationship... Oxytocin strengthens the relationship between a man and a woman, increasing not only pleasure in sex, but also openness, trust, tenderness, affection, empathy, loyalty and love. It promotes the concentration of partners (spouses) on each other. This has been confirmed in many experiments. For example, when administered nasally, men experienced greater attachment to their regular partner, and other women lost their attractiveness to them.
• Uniting people into social groups ... Group unity, collectivism, acceptance of public morality, the norms of their reference group - all these are the fruits of the oxytocin effect on our body. Not only family and friendships, but also corporate, professional relationships will be strong with a normal level of this hormone. Unification into informal groups, political parties, sects and other unions, including those of an asocial nature, is also associated with oxytocin synthesis... Moreover, if the hormone of trust strengthens ties with "friends", then in relation to "aliens" it evokes feelings of competition, rivalry, mistrust, hostility and aggression, which is the biochemical basis of social intergroup conflicts of various levels. So that excess oxytocin, which engenders a desire to thoughtlessly dissolve one's “I” without a trace in the collective whole, appears to be a very terrible and destructive force.
• Emotional calm. The scourge of a modern person is a constant fear of the future, increased anxiety, stress. Oxytocin, according to clinical studies, reduces all these manifestations, so it can also be called calmness hormone, relaxation, pacification. The relaxation and calmness experienced after orgasm is associated with oxytocin release. It blocks the activity of the parts of the brain that generate fear and anxiety by decreasing the synthesis of stress hormones corticotropin and cortisol.
• Perception change... An increase in oxytocin levels affects cognitive (perceptual) processes. On the one hand, it improves the perception and memorization of socially significant and emotionally positively colored information related to personal relationships. For example, it helps to highlight the voice of a loved one in a stream of various noise, remember birthdays, family or hierarchical ties, etc. On the other hand, the perception and memorization of abstract and other (not colored by personal emotions) information is difficult. Even one's own experience, which is not relevant in a specific communication situation (mother - child, man - woman, believer - religious association, etc.) can be forgotten for the benefit of the common cause. Oxytocin inhibits critical thinking activity, impairs personal motivation. And in this regard, he provides invaluable assistance to all kinds of propaganda, preaching, "brainwashing" and social manipulation.

How is oxytocin used in medicine and sports?

Currently oxytocin is applied in medicine, primarily in gynecology, obstetrics: to terminate pregnancy, stop uterine bleeding, artificial labor stimulation with reduced contractile activity of the uterus, to accelerate the contraction of the muscles of the uterus after childbirth. Also it can prescribe while breastfeeding if hypolactation is observed. An indication for its use may be premenstrual syndrome, accompanied by pain and swelling.

Oxytocin use during childbirth today it has become a widespread practice that greatly facilitates and speeds up the process. However, introducing it to women in childbirth without good reason, doctors inflict a big blow on a woman's reproductive health and increase the risk of developing serious pathologies in a newborn. It is advisable to use it in childbirth with premature amniotic fluid withdrawal; premature aging of the placenta; violations in the development of the fetus or its death; with Rh-conflict in the blood test of a pregnant woman; preeclampsia. V veterinary practice it is also used to stimulate labor and improve lactation.

Researchers have found promising prospects when studying the effects of oxytocin on autistic behavior, in whom there was an increase in the expression of emotions, in particular the emotion of recognition, a decrease in fear of other people, with the introduction of additional oxytocin into the body. They even made eye contact with those around them, which, in principle, is not typical for them. So it is likely that oxytocin will still show itself as a drug in psychiatry.

Perhaps it will find application and in narcology, since studies indicate a decrease in tolerance to drugs and alcohol, a mitigation of the withdrawal syndrome, which can be used in the treatment of pathological addictions. In gerontology oxytocin can be a rejuvenating agent, since its systemic administration promotes muscle regeneration by dividing stem cells. Studies of the results of oxytocin therapy have also shown the effectiveness of this hormone for vaginal atrophy in menopausal women (vaginal injections were used), for headaches (nasal spray) and for improving mood in depression.

In sports practice, in particular in bodybuilding, oxytocin can be used in connection with its action on stem cells (increased proliferation) and strengthening, renewal of muscle cells, restoration of muscle tissue after increased physical exertion, as well as in connection with the suppression of the production of corticotropin and cortisol, which have a destructive effect on muscles. It lowers the level of cytokines, due to which inflammation passes faster, wounds and injuries heal faster. However, without the appointment and supervision of a sports medicine doctor, injections or nasal oxytocin administration not recommended, since the hormone can provoke allergies (up to anaphylactic shock), heart rhythm disturbances, hypotension, vomiting, hormonal imbalance.

Oxytocin deficiency and excess

Lack of oxytocin is capable of greatly impairing the quality of human life. A deficiency of this hormone can develop in connection with the natural aging of the body, in women - at the onset of menopause, when the secretory functions are weakened; with endocrine disorders; immunodeficiency (HIV, AIDS), infectious brain damage, autism. Alcohol and drugs also reduce its synthesis.

The consequences of a lack of the hormone of love and trust can be difficulties in socialization, communication, lack of orgasm and true emotional intimacy in intimate relationships, increased levels of anxiety, depression, chronic stress and irritability, sociopathy and narcissism, selfishness, inability to sympathize with other people and enter their position. , inability to be friends.

However, excess oxytocin does not benefit anyone. Urinary excretion decreases and sodium metabolism is disturbed, swelling occurs, and blood pressure may decrease. In pregnant women, he causes a threat of miscarriage or premature birth. In men, an excess of this substance reduces the production of the main androgenic hormone - testosterone, which is responsible for masculinity, competitive qualities and rationality. In study and work, off-scale oxytocin is also not an assistant, as it disrupts perception and memorization, operating with information that has no personal and emotional value. Its overabundance makes a person overly trusting, suggestible and controlled, dividing the world into “us” and “aliens”, aggressive towards other groups that are not referential to him, disinhibited (intoxicated with oxytocin).

How to increase or decrease the production of oxytocin?

Increase oxytocin production many factors contribute.

— tactile contacts: handshakes, massage, hugs and kisses when meeting; even tactile communication with pets leads to an increase in the secretion of this hormone - both in humans and in our smaller brothers;

— visual contacts: the habit of looking into the eyes of the interlocutor contributes to an increase in the level of oxytocin, the same applies to pets, which, by the way, they skillfully use, luring out a tidbit and earning our favor;

— intimate conversations, during which we open up and imbued with confidence in the interlocutor;

— regular sex, including prolonged caresses and orgasm, resulting in a particularly powerful oxytocin release... Sometimes relationships between partners come to a standstill due to decreased libido, endocrine (hormonal) disorders, menopause in women or erectile dysfunction in men. In this case, an irreplaceable help to your reproductive system will be provided by the drug "Eromax", created exclusively on the basis of natural ingredients ( drone brood homogenate, bee pollen, epimedium, leuzea and ginseng with the addition of L-arginine, zinc and vitamin B 6). Having established an intimate sphere in your life, you can avoid a host of other health problems, in particular, cope with oxytocin "hunger";

— childbirth and breastfeeding among women;

— caring for others including animals;

— taking collective, joint actions: singing a hymn, a march or a drinking song in chorus, dancing, applause in a theater or at a rock concert, cleaning at a Saturday clean-up, prayer in church, observing family and social rituals - everything that allows us to feel unity with other people;

— playing sports, physical activity;

— eating a range of foods... Although it is not contained in food in its pure form, some of them are able to stimulate its synthesis, these are bananas, dates, avocados, pomegranate juice, beets, zucchini and squash, asparagus and celery;

— refusal from alcohol and drugs since ethyl alcohol suppresses secretion of oxytocin.

Accordingly, if a person is experiencing oxytocin "intoxication", it is worthwhile to rationally approach your manner of communication: reduce the number of "hugs", sexual relations (if there really are many of them), avoid all sorts of effeminacy, and add a bit of criticality to emotional relationships with friends.

We must not forget that not only neurohormones determine our behavior, but our behavior also triggers biochemical processes in our body. Such interdependence gives us hope that with a concentration of mind and sufficient effort of will, a person can still control his hormones, which means he can be a blacksmith of his own happiness!

The hormone oxytocin is secreted in the hypothalamus, then transferred to the pituitary gland, from where it is carried throughout the body with the help of blood vessels. It is contained both, and, although its amount may be different in different people and increases in certain states. The action of oxytocin is very extensive. This hormone increases the ability to recognize rivals, helps maintain a sense of well-being, and allows you to be faithful and maintain a monogamous relationship.

In the female body, the role of oxytocin is even more active. The hormone stimulates the contraction of the muscles of many internal organs - the bladder, intestines, gallbladder, and most importantly - the uterus, which contributes to the successful course of childbirth and the release of a normal amount of milk.

Milk is produced by another hormone, prolactin, but it is oxytocin that causes it to be released from the breast.

Oxytocin also affects the female psyche: it allows you to recognize people who are close to her in character and spirit, induces trusting relationships, regulates attachment to her partner and causes unconditional love for children, stimulating the emergence of maternal instinct.

When do oxytocin levels rise?

In both men and women, the amount of the hormone oxytocin in the body increases with love, and the stronger the response, the more this substance is released, which makes a person experience even more vivid emotions and arouses love. At the same time, its level increases with each action associated with communication with your partner: for example, the amount of the hormone increases when a person is massaged, when lovers kiss and hug. Oxytocin jumps especially sharply after orgasm, causing a feeling of well-being, happiness, and serenity.

This effect also has a more practical meaning: under the influence of oxytocin, sperm begin to behave more actively and reach their goal faster, increasing the likelihood of conception.

In women, the hormone is actively produced from the beginning of pregnancy, and before childbirth, its amount increases sharply. Under its influence, the uterus begins to contract, stimulating contractions and promoting the birth of a child. What's more, oxytocin also has an analgesic effect that reduces pain during childbirth. During breastfeeding, oxytocin levels are always high and jump sharply if a woman hears a baby crying.

A man's oxytocin level rises if he interacts with a child after birth - this causes emotional attachment, reduces stress from lifestyle changes, and increases the likelihood of fidelity.

The hormone oxytocin is of great importance in the development of relations between a man and a woman, in the appearance of a feeling of attachment between a mother and a child, in the process of adaptation of a person in society. All these manifestations of the action of oxytocin give reason to call this biologically active substance "the hormone of tenderness" "the hormone of love" or "the hormone of attachment and fidelity."

Where and how is it produced

In women, the hormone oxytocin is secreted in large quantities, in the body of men, its level is much lower. The biologically active substance is produced by the hypothalamus and transferred to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Here the substance accumulates and is released into the blood. By its chemical nature, it is a protein consisting of 9 amino acids. From the point of view of biology, the substance belongs to neuropeptides, carries out not only humoral regulation (translation of information on fluid - blood, lymph), but also contributes to the transmission of impulses between neurons.

The concentration of the substance in the blood is relatively stable. Oxytocin production is subject to daily fluctuations. At night, an increase in its level is noted. Proof of this is the fact that most women in labor have contractions at night.

When studying the action of the hormone, it has been proven that hugs, handshakes, touches increase his concentration... Games with children, quiet communication with a loved one, a loved one, leisure in a pleasant company - all these factors affect the increase in the concentration of the substance in the blood.

Functions and action on the body

Science is still studying the effect of oxytocin on the human body. For a long time in medicine, the hormone was used only to stimulate childbirth in a woman, since the substance enhances the contraction of the walls of the uterus, in the postpartum period it promotes milk production. When observing women in labor, scientists noted changes in the mother's behavioral responses, her strongest affection for the baby.

A similar reaction is described in men who were present at the birth of their children. The hormone has a powerful effect on the psychoemotional sphere of a person. The presence of oxytocin in the blood at the physiological level contributes to the manifestation of feelings of affection, trust, tenderness. As a rule, devoted husbands have fairly high levels of the hormone.

An experiment with mice, love potion with oxytocin and vasopressin. (in English)

Summarizing the information known in science, the functions of oxytocin are diverse and affect not only the psychoemotional sphere of a person, but also many physiological processes:

• Providing emotional attachment to a loved one. The substance is produced at the later stages of the formation of the relationship between a man and a woman, binds them to each other, therefore it is called the hormone of love. This function is also manifested in the deep attachment of the mother to the child;
• Increase resistance to stress, since the substance inhibits the synthesis of cortisol (a hormone that is produced in a stressful situation). With its sufficient level, a person's fears, worries, anxieties disappear. He calmly reacts to negative influences;
• Strengthening the emotional type of memory. Under the influence of the substance, the memories of a loved one are brighter;
• Manifestation of sexual desire;
• Prevention of alcoholism, drug addiction;
• Successful adaptation in society;
• Provides peace of mind and tranquility;
• Keeps muscles healthy and youthful;
• Accelerates tissue repair;
• Normalizes sleep;
• Influences the formation of dopamine (the hormone of happiness);
• Affects the functioning of the thyroid gland;
• Reduces the amount of adipose tissue.

The hormone also has negative manifestations:

• water retention in the body;
• a decrease in the concentration of potassium in the blood;
• increased pain of a "broken heart" when loved ones parting;
• the ability to perform even negative actions for the sake of dear people, while not experiencing any doubts about the correctness of their actions;
• a lack of oxytocin leads to the manifestation of aggression, irritability, which are aimed exclusively at familiar people.

Lack of oxytocin is usually associated with certain pathological conditions:

• menopause;
• frequent stress;
• dysfunction of the thyroid gland;
• HIV infection, manifestation of signs of AIDS;
• autism;
• Parkinson's disease;
• brain infections;
• taking drugs.

Hormone in women

For the female body, this substance is needed to a greater extent. Because in women, oxytocin is responsible for labor... Its maximum concentration is fixed at the onset of labor. , associated with the impact on smooth muscles, makes the walls of the uterus contract and ensures the movement of the fetus along the birth canal.

After the baby is born, the hormone continues to act. Promotes uterine contraction in order to remove the placenta, to prevent subsequent congestion. In a woman's body, lactation begins immediately after childbirth. Oxytocin, having a stimulating effect on breast tissue, helps breast milk move freely along the ducts.

A change in the hormonal background in a pregnant woman towards an increase in oxytocin is dangerous for her health, as this leads to miscarriage and premature birth.

Hormone in men

Oxytocin in men is produced in smaller quantities, but no less important for the body. In addition to increasing libido, caring for the beloved woman and children, the functions of oxytocin in men are associated with ensuring the origin of life. In during intercourse, the level of the hormone rises, this maintains an erection and is responsible for the psycho-emotional component in the process of sexual contact.

Artificial injection of oxytocin is practiced by athletes. It helps in rapid muscle recovery and wound healing. These injections rejuvenate the body and improve mood.

Hormone in medicine

Synthetic oxytocin is in demand in medicine:

• stimulation (for medical reasons) and facilitation of the childbirth process;
• acceleration of recovery after cesarean section;
• to effectively stop bleeding;
• to speed up discharge after childbirth;
• to maintain the functions of the hypothalamus-pituitary gland;
• to improve lactation;
• to lower blood pressure and relieve attacks of bradycardia.

Oxytocin is used in artificial childbirth, which are an indication if pregnancy poses a serious danger to a woman. Such an appointment is made in the following cases:

• water broke prematurely;
• diagnosed with intrauterine growth retardation or fetal death;
• premature aging of the placenta has occurred;
• diagnosis of Rh-conflict;
• toxicosis in late pregnancy (late gestosis).

There are contraindications for injections of an artificial analogue:

• if there are contraindications to natural childbirth;
• the threat of uterine rupture;
• the presence of neoplasms on the uterus;
• individual intolerance;
• immaturity of the uterus.

Synthetic oxytocin is used in the complex treatment of drug addiction, alleviating the symptoms that appear when quitting drugs.

Methods for increasing the hormone

It is possible to produce a sufficient amount of oxytocin with the help of simple actions, if serious pathologies are not associated with a hormone deficiency. Adequate secretion of the substance is maintained by love. Hugs, massage, stroking will cause the hypothalamus to actively secrete the hormone. Caring, attention, a friendly handshake, touch - all these produce the hormones of trust and affection.

Collective action can help increase oxytocin levels when a person feels they belong to a group and realizes the importance of their contribution to the overall result. The presence of pets in the home can also increase the level of the substance.

The closer the communication, the brighter the joint activity, the stronger the emotions, the higher the concentration of the substance. A sharp increase in the level of the hormone of love occurs during sex and with the onset of orgasm, and this is observed in both women and men.

The easiest way to increase the content of the hormone is to administer it artificially. For research, oxytocin is dripped into the nose or sprayed into the nasal cavity with a spray. This action gives a short-term effect and is not used as a way to increase its concentration in the body. The oxytocin molecule is very short-lived. Her life span is only 3 minutes.

In medical practice, in the treatment of pathological conditions, oxytocin injections are used during childbirth. This substance is injected only intramuscularly or intravenously, rarely under the skin. Tablet forms are only used as an analogue of the hormone.

Therefore, it makes sense to revise your lifestyle so that the hormone is synthesized naturally. If a person is happy with life and calm, there are no problems with the formation of the hormone.

Loving people should spend more time alone, while hugs and kisses are very desirable. Well, take walks, hold hands, make pleasant surprises. This will maintain adequate oxytocin levels and strengthen relationships. Unfortunately, if there are no feelings, these actions will not help. It is important to remember a simple truth - not only hormones determine our behavior, but behavior also affects our hormones.

Oxytocin has a physiological and psycho-emotional effect on the human body.... Love, trust, tenderness, affection, loyalty depend on the level of this hormone. For women, the hormone is more important, as it provides labor and lactation. The substance is used to treat autism, drug addiction and other serious ailments.