In a quiet and Indian Ocean, a fish is found. Amazing and interesting fish oceans and seas

Indian Ocean - The most warm ocean of our planet. By taking the fifth part of the earth's surface, Indian is not the largest ocean, but at the same time it has a rich flora and fauna, as well as a lot of other advantages.

Indian Ocean

Indian Ocean It takes 20% of the entire globe. This ocean is characterized by a rich and diverse natural life.
Shows huge territories and a large number of interesting islands for researchers and tourists. If you still do not know where it is located Indian Ocean, Map You will tell you.

Indian Ocean Tours

Underwater World of Indian Ocean

Rich and diverse Underwater World of Indian Ocean. It can be found in both the very small water inhabitants and large and dangerous representatives of the Water World.

The man of ancient times is trying to subjugate the ocean and its inhabitants. In all centuries, hunting was arranged at the inhabitants of the underwater world of the Indian Ocean.

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There are even those who are able to deliver trouble to a person. For example, it is an actania living in almost all the seas and the oceans of our planet. Sea anemone can be found not only in depths, but also on the shallow water of the Indian Ocean. They almost always feel hunger, so they sit hoping with widely placed tentacles. Predatory representatives of this type of poisonous. Their shot can hit small organisms, as well as cause burns in humans. In the waters of the Indian Ocean live marine hedgehogs, seals, the most exotic types of fish. The floral world is diverse, which makes diving truly fascinating.

Fish in the Indian Ocean

The sailboat belongs to the detachment of perch, which includes two kinds of fish at once. Its habitat is the central and western part of the Pacific Ocean, as well as the water of Indian. This marine animal can be found even in the Black Sea, where it swims from the Mediterranean. Fish-sailboat is known, first of all, what is the fastest and predatory in the world.

Appearance

The characteristic distinction of this fish is the high and long fin, resembling a sail, from where its name took. The fin stretched from the nape almost to the end of the back. The sail has a pronounced blue color, with an abundance of dark dots. Nearby is the second dorsal fin, in the form similar to the first, but significantly less. Breast fins are closer to the bottom of the body. They are black, sometimes light blue spots can be observed.

Sailboat - Fish rather big size. So, young individuals reaches about two meters long, and adults are more than three. The weight of large fish is 100 kilograms, however, in most cases there are individuals up to 30 kg. The sailboat is distinguished by its rarity and beauty.

Gallery: Fish Sailboat (25 photos)

Sailboat

As already noted, this marine animal is an active predator and develops the maximum speed among other ocean inhabitants. Sailboats can move at a speed of 100 km / h. To reveal how rapidly this fish, several tests in the USA, Florida, were conducted. On one of them, the sailboat managed to overcome 90 m for 3 s, which is equal to 109 km / h.

As soon as this fish develops a greater speed, the first dorsal fin (sail) hides in a special recess on the back. In addition, the rest of the fins are hidden, but with sharp turns, they immediately rise. But these fish are not always rushing at a huge speed on maritime expanses. Sometimes they are slowly drifting with molten fins, representing an excellent spectacle.

The sailboat is one of the few fish that uses turbulence in their movements. This sea animal does not have a swimming bubble, thanks to which his movements are so fast. Moreover, the presence of this body would only hurt the sailboat with its specific body structure.

This ocean inhabitant moves with the help of wave-like body movements that focus on the tail. This marine animal is distinguished by its muscles and an unusual body structure.

Food and Hunting Method

Sailboats hunt for small fish like Sardin. Usually their prey is going to shoals and moves, as a whole. Thus, small fish are trying to confuse predator and do not become a light lunch. Fish-hunters follow the jambs, trying to scare them and get their prey. Sailboats are one of the strongest hunters, they destroy their prey for counting seconds. Due to speed and maneuverance, they instantly disappear in water.

Food for fish-sailboat:

In the process of hunting, these marine animals accelerate large shoals into smaller. They manage to scare a small fish and break into the small shoals comfortable for them. Since sailboats hunt with flocks, Sardin has no chance to get away from them. Very formidable and efficient weapon in the arsenal of fish-sailboats are their long sharp snout. However, it is not intended to prick of its prey. They wonder the fish, and they do it so quickly that Sardines do not have time to float.

Catching sailboat

Experienced fishermen know that you catch a sailboat on your spinning - great luck. Such a catch can be envied. However, catching this fish is strictly controlled. Sailboat is in the Red Book. There are sports competitions for catching this marine animal, which are considered one of the most prestigious in the art. However, after catching, the fish is photographed and released back. But it is very difficult to catch it. Even the best fishermen do not always manage to do it. The reason is that this inhabitant of the ocean is ready to do everything for his freedom. For example, jump out of the water and make a long jump by pulling a fisherman behind you.

Catching this fish, despite the ban, is very common off the coast of Florida, Cuba, California. Everyone can go fishing and experience good luck in a sailboat.

Reproduction

Fish of this species multiply in summer or autumn in equatorial warm waters. During this season, one female is able to postpone up to 5 million icons. The main part of them dies, being eaten large predators.

These marine animals are terrible parents, they are not at all interested in fate and the fate of their offspring, they do not feed their fry. But due to the huge number of caviar, the disgusting attitude towards the offspring is coming down. During the first year, the fry grow into individuals up to two meters long. Most often, their weight does not exceed 30 kg, but it is possible and a larger part. The average life expectancy of the fish sailboat is 13-14 years old.

Several curious observations:

The Fish World of the Indian Ocean is rich and diverse because of its location.

It is placed in southern and tropical belts. The climate is different here, which affected the number of species of fish inhabiting in the ocean.

Fauna of the Indian Ocean

In the shelf sections of the ocean such fish:

anchovy;
mackerel;
sardalle;
stone and reef perch;
horse mackerel;

The Skumbrian family is represented by wet and tuna. Numerous detachments of Anchovs, bats and fish - sailboat.

It is impossible to list all kinds, as scientists have several hundred in the ocean.

Here are just some of them:

australian pelamic;
white sarg;
six-fucked shark;
long Tuna;
indian winer;
lufar and others.

For lovers of extreme fishing, there is also a lesson. In the ocean, different types of sharks are found. Sea snakes and fish-sword live here.

The fauna of the ocean is represented by shrimps and langustami. There are many squids and cuttlefish.

Moderate Zone Fish

For this purpose, the ocean is characterized by large individuals, such as:

sea \u200b\u200bElephant;
dug;
blue and toothless whale;
seal.

In the ocean, there is enough plankton, which serves as excellent food for huge representatives of the reservoir.

Dangerous inhabitants

The underwater world of the ocean is not only interesting, but also dangerous. Here you can meet a clock or whale.

The bite of the predatory moray is equivalent to the bite of bulldog. Coral reefs are reliably covered by fish or wildflower.

Fish-stone dwells in shallow water. The view of it is unsightly, the body is all in highlights, and on the back there are more than ten poisonous needles.

We must pay tribute: it never reveals the initiative first and does not attack a person.

But if only touch it, the reaction, despite its external clumsiness, will be instantaneous.

Sea Yozh is distinguished by a species diversity. They are about six hundred.

The location of their location is the tropical and subtropical areas of the Indian Ocean.

The original is taken by W. billfish561 In beautiful, but dangerous inhabitants of the seas and oceans.

In naval and ocean waters, there are quite a lot of creatures, the meeting with which can deliver a man of trouble in the form of injury or even lead to disabilities or death.

Here I tried to describe the most frequently found inhabitants of the sea, which should be fear when meeting in water, resting and swimming on the beach of some resort or diving.
If you ask any person "... What is the most dangerous seas and oceans?", Almost always we will hear the answer. " shark... ". But is it? Who is more dangerous, shark or externally, completely harmless shell?

Mureren

It reaches a length of 3 m and weight - up to 10 kg, but there are usually an individual with a length of about a meter. The skin of the fish is naked, without scales. In the Atlantic and Indian Ocean, are widespread in the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. Money live in the bottom layer of water, can be said at the bottom. Day of Moray is sitting in the crevices of rocks or corals, sticking out the head and usually reaches them from side to the side, looking out for swimming booties, at night they are chosen from shelters to hunt. Usually, Murena feed on fish, but they are attacked on crustaceans, and on octopuses that are caught from the ambush.

Meat Muren after processing can be used. It was especially appreciated by the ancient Romans.

Muren is a potentially dangerous for a person. The diver, who has become a victim of the attack of Mauren, always somehow provokes this attack - the hand or foot in the crevice, where Muren hides, or pursues her. Muren, attacking a man, inflicts a wound, which is similar to the trail of the bite of Barracuda, but unlike Barracuda Muren does not sing immediately away, but he hangs on his victim, for sure Bulldog. She can clutch in the hand of a short stagnation, from which the diver is not free to get rid, and then he can perish.

Not poisonous, but since Moorena does not sway, the wounds are very painful, they do not heal for a long time and often inflamed. Hiding among the underwater cliffs and coral reefs in the clefts and caves.

When Murena begin to feel hunger, then the arrow jump out of his shelters and grab the sacrifice sailing past. Very voracious. Very strong jaws and sharp teeth.

According to the type of Muren not too pretty. But they do not attack scablasts, according to some, they do not differ aggressiveness. A single cases are only when Mauren is a marriage period. If Muren takes an erroneous man for the source of food or he will invade its territory, then she can attack.

Barracuda

All barracudal live in the tropical and subtropical waters of the world's ocean near the surface. In the Red Sea - 8 species, among them - Big Barracuda. In the Mediterranean Sea species not so much - only 4, of which 2 moved there from the Red Sea along the Suez Channel. The so-called "Malita, which was mastered in the Mediterranean Sea, gives the main part of the entire Israeli catch of Barracud. And the most sinister damn barracud is a powerful lower jaw, far standing behind the upper one. The jaws are equipped with formidable teeth: a number of small, sharp, as a razor, teeth are sweeping the jaw outside, and there is a number of large teeth, similar to the daggers.

The maximum registered barracuda size is 200 cm, the weight is 50 kg, but the length of the barracuda does not exceed 1-2 m.

It is aggressive, rapidly. Barracuda is also called "live torpedoes" because they attack their sacrifice with a huge speed.

Despite such a formidable name and fierce appearance, these predators are practically harmless to humans. It should be remembered that all attacks on people happened in muddy or dark water, where the moving hands or feet of the swimmer were taken by Barracuda for swimming fish (It was in such a situation that the author of the blog in February 2014, when rested in Egypt, Hotel Oriental Bay Resort Marsa Alam 4 + * (now called Aurora Oriental Bay Marsa Alam Resort 5 *) Marsa Gabel El Rosas Bay bay . Maintenance Barracuda, 60-70cm, practically bit off the 1st falanga index finger on his right hand. A piece of finger dangled on a 5mm skin piece (dive gloves saved from full amputation). In the clinic of Marsa Alam, the surgeon put 4 sutures and saved a finger, but the rest was completely spoiled ). In Cuba, the cause of the attack on a person was brilliant items, such as watches, decorations, knives. It will not be superfluous if brilliant pieces of equipment are painted in a dark color.

Sharp teeth of Barracuda may damage the arteries and veins of the limbs; In this case, the bleeding should be immediately stopped, as the loss of blood can be significant. On the Antille Islands, Barracuda is afraid more than sharks.

Medusa

Every year, millions of people are subjected to "burns" from contacts with jellyfish when bathing.

There are no particularly dangerous jellyfish in the waters of the seas that wash the Russian shores, the main thing is to prevent the contact of these jellyfish with mucous membranes. In the Black Sea, the easiest way to meet with such jellyfish as Aurelia and Cornerota. They are little dangerous, and "burns" are not very strong.

Aurelia "Butterflies" Aurelia Aurita

Jellyfish Cornerot. Rhizostoma Pulmo)

Only in the Far Eastern seas inhabit enough dangerous for the human jellyfish "cross", the poison of which can even lead to the death of a person. This little jellyfish with a cross in the form of a cross on an umbrella causes strong burns at the point of contact with it, and after a while it causes other disadvantages in the human body - the difficulty of breathing, the numbness of the limbs.

Medusa Cross (Gonionemus Vertens)

consequences of burning jellyfish burn

The further south, the more dangerous jellyfish. In the coastal waters of the Canary Islands of careless swimsters, Pirate is waiting for a pirate - "Portuguese boat" - very beautiful jellyfish with a red comb and a multicolor bubble-sail.

Portuguese boat (Physalia Physalis)

So harmless and beautifully looks like "Portuguese boat" in the sea ...

And so, the leg looks, after contact with the "Portuguese boat" ....

Many jellyfish live in the coastal waters of Thailand.

But the real Beach for swimsuchikov is the Australian "Sea Osa". It kills a slight touch of multi-meter supreets, which, by the way, can be watched and by themselves without losing murderers. I can pay for acquaintance with the "sea axis" at best the strongest "burns" and ripped wounds, in the worst - life. From jellyfish "Sea Osa" more people died than from sharks. This jellyfish dwells in the warm waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, especially numerous off the coast of Northern Australia. The diameter of its umbrella is only 20-25 mm, but the tentacles reach the length of 7-8 m and they contain the poison, according to the composition of the cobra poison, but much stronger. The man whom the Sea Osa will touches his tentacles, as a rule, dies for 5 minutes.

australian cubic (boxed) jellyfish or "Sea Osa" Chironex Fleckeri)

burn from jellyfish "Sea Osa"

In the Mediterranean and other waters of the Atlantic, aggressive jellyfish also live - "burns" caused by them, stronger "burns" of the Black Sea Meduse, and they cause allergic reactions more often. These include cyania ("hairy jellyfish"), Pelagia ("Little Lilac Powered"), Chrysora ("Sea nettle") and some others.

Medusa Atlantic Cyania (Cyanea Capillata)

Pelagia (Noctiluca), known in Europe called "Lilac Powers"

Pacific sea nettle Chrysaora FusceScens)

Medusa "Compass" (Coronatae)
Medusa "Compass" chose their place of residence coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea and one of the oceans - the Atlantic. They live off the coast of Turkey and the United Kingdom. These are quite large jellyfish, their diameter reaches thirty centimeters. They have twenty-four tentacles, which are located groups of three pieces each. The color of the body is yellowish-white with a brown tint, and its form resembles a saucer, which is determined by thirty-two stakes, which are painted in brown along the edges.
The top surface of the bell has sixteen brown rays of the V-shaped form. The lower part of the bell is the location of the oral opening, surrounded by tentacles in the number of four pieces. These jellyfish poisonous. Their poison has a potent property and often leads to the formation of wounds, which are very hurt and heal for a long time.
Nevertheless, the most dangerous jellyfish inhabit the Australia and the waters adjacent to it. The burns of the cube and the "Portuguese boat" are very serious, and often fatal.

Skata

The trouble can deliver the skates of the sedags family and electrical skates. It should be noted that the rods themselves do not attack a person, an injury can be obtained, if you step on it when this fish hid at the bottom.

Skat "tailing" (Dasyatidae)

Electric Stingray (Torpediniformes)

Skates live in almost all seas and oceans. In our (Russian) waters, you can meet a skate-tailing or otherwise it is called a marine cat. He is also found in the Black Sea and in the seas of the Pacific coast. If you come on a scat-sneeze into the sand or resting at the bottom of the Skata, he can cause a serious wound to be offended, to all of them - enter the poison. He has a spiny on his tail, or rather a real sword - up to 20 centimeters in length. Its edges are very sharp, and besides the serrated, along the blade, from the bottom side of the groove, in which the dark poison from the poisonous gland is visible on the tail. If you hurt the tail in the bottom of the tail, it will hit the tail as beaches; At the same time, he hops his barrier and can cause a deep chopped wound. Wound from the stroke of the tail, processed as any other.

In the Black Sea dwells, also, the rocks of the Marine Fox Raja Clavata - is large, it happens to one and a half meters from the tip of the nose to the tip of the tail, it is bad for a person - if, of course, it is not to try to grab it over the tail covered with long sharp spines. Electric rates in the waters of the seas of Russia are not found.

Marine Anemones (Aktini)

Sea anemones inhabit almost all the sea of \u200b\u200bthe globe, but, like the remaining coral polyps, they are especially numerous and diverse in warm waters. Most species live on a coastal shallow water, but often find them at the maximum depths of the World Ocean. Actinia is usually hungry acts sit perfectly calmly, with widely placed tentacles with the slightest changes occurring in the water, the tentacles begin to fluctuate, not only they are drawn up to mining, but the whole body of actinium is often torn. Grabbing the victim, the tentacles are reduced and bend towards the mouth.

Actinia is well armed. Especially numerous cutting cells in predatory species. The volley of the shots of cutting cells kills small organisms, often causes strong burns and in larger animals, even in humans. May cause burns, exactly as some types of jellyfish.

Octopus

Octopoda (Octopoda) - the most famous representatives of charts. "Typical" Octopuses are representatives of the sub-train incirrina, bottom animals. But some representatives of this sublit and all kinds of the second sublit, Cirrina - pelagic animals living in the thickness of water, and many of them are found only at large depths.

They live in all the tropical and subtropical seas and oceans, from shallow water to a depth of 100-150 m. Prefer rocky coastal zones, looking for a cave and cleft in the rocks for habitat. In the waters of the seas of Russia inhabit only in the Pacific region.

An ordinary octopus has the ability to change the painting, adapting to the environment. This is explained by the presence in its skin cells with different pigments capable of stretching the pulses from the central nervous system to stretch or shrink depending on the perception of the senses. The usual color is brown. If the octopus is scared - it whites, if angry, then blushes.

When approaching enemies (including divers or scuba divers), they are fleeing, hiding in the crevices of rocks and under the stones.

A real danger represents the bite of the octopus with the negligence with it. The secret of poisonous salivary glands can be introduced into the wound. It feels acute pain and itching in the bite.
With the bite of an ordinary octopus, a local inflammatory response occurs. Abundant bleeding indicates the slowdown of blood coagulation process. Usually, after two-three days, recovery comes. However, there are cases of severe poisoning, in which symptoms of the lesion of the central nervous system occur. Wounds caused by octopus are treated in the same way as injections of poisonous fish.

Synecole ominog (Blue-Ringed Octopus)

One of the contenders for the title of the most dangerous for a man of the marine animal is Octopus Maculosus octopus, which is found along the coast of the Australian province of Queensland and near Sydney, is found in the Indian Ocean and, sometimes, in the Far East. Although the size of this octopus rarely exceed 10 cm, the poison in it is enough to kill ten people.

Wolfish

Corpaenidae college (Pterois) of the scorpaenidae family represent a greater danger to a person. They are easy to find out on a rich and bright color, which warns about effective means of protection in these fish. Even marine predators prefer to leave this fish alone. Finns of this fish are similar to brightly degraded feathers. Physical contact with such fish can lead to fatal outcome.

Wolfish (Pterois)

Despite the name, she does not know how to fly. This nickname fish received because of large breast fins, a little similar on the wings. Other width names - Zebra Fish or Fish - Lion. It was first received due to wide gray, brown and red stripes located all over the body, and the second is obliged to long fins, which make it similar to the predatory lion.

Refers a fish fish to the family of rapid. The length of the body reaches 30 cm, and the weight is 1 kg. The color is bright, which makes the cruise noticeable even at great depth. The main decoration of the cousin is long ribbons of spinal and chest fins, they resemble the lion's mane. In these luxury fins there are sharp poisonous needles that make the cruise of one of the most dangerous inhabitants of the seas.

Width in the tropical parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans off the coast of China, Japan and Australia. It dwells mainly among coral reefs. The winner as it dwells in the surface waters of the reef, so it is a greater danger of swimsuchists who can step on it and break up about sharp poisonous needles. The painful pain arising from this is accompanied by the formation of a tumor, breathing is hampered, and in some cases the wound leads to death.

The fish itself is very voracious and eats all sorts of crustacean and small fish during the night hunt. The most dangerous include needle, bodywork, sea dragon, fish-hedgehog, fish ball, etc. It is necessary to remember only one rule: the fisher's coloring feature and its unusual form, the one she is poisonous.

Star needle (Tetraodontidae)

Body Cube or Fish Box Ostraction Cubicus)

fish-hedgehog (Diodontidae)

fish ball (Diodontidae)

In the Black Sea, there is a relative of the winner - the fish is noticeable (Scorpaena Notata), it is no more than 15 centimeters in length, and the Black Sea Rights (Scorpaena Porcus) - up to half a meter - but such large are more deeply, further from the coast. The main difference between the Black Sea Rights is long, similar to rag flaps, supervised tentacles. Spemen have a noticeable short.

spear noticeable (Scorpaena Notata)

black Sea Skorena (Scorpaena Porcus)

The body of these fish is covered with spikes and growths, spikes are covered with poisonous mucus. And although the poison is not so dangerous as the poison of the winner, it is better not to disturb her.

Among the dangerous Black Sea fish should be noted the sea dragon (Trachinus Draco). Extracted, similar to a snake, with an angular big head, bottom fish. Like other bottom predators, the dragon has scolded eyes on the top of the head and a huge, greedy mouth.

sea dragon TRACHINUS DRACO)

The consequences of the poisonous injection of the dragon - much more serious than in the case of the rapid, but not deadly.

Wounds from spikes Sperent or Dragonchik cause burning pain, the place around the injections blushes and swells, then - overall malaise, temperature, and your holiday for a day or two is interrupted. If you suffered from Bricks Yersh - contact your doctor. Wounds need to be treated as ordinary scratches.

The "Fish Stone" or Warthter (Synanceia Verrucosa) belongs to the Quarter Fish (Synanceia Verrucosa), but in some cases, and more dangerous than the winters.

"Fish Stone" or wart (Synanceia Verrucosa)

Sea hedgehog

Often in shallow water There is a risk of step on the sea hedgehog.

Sea hedgehog is one of the most common and very dangerous inhabitants of coral reefs. The body of hedgehogs with an apple is covered with staring in all sides similar to crumpled spokes with 30-centimeter needles. They are very moving, sensitive and instantly react to irritation.

If the shadow suddenly falls on her hedgehog, he immediately directs the needles in the direction of danger and folds them together several pieces in an acute, solid peak. Even gloves and wetsuits do not guarantee complete protection against the terrible peak of the sea hedgehog. The needles are so sharp and fragile that, penetrating deep into the skin, immediately rolled and extract them from the wound is extremely difficult. In addition to the needle, hedgehog is armed with small grateful bodies - pedicillary scattered at the base of the needle.

Poison of sea heroes is not dangerous, but causes burning pain in the place of injection, shortness of breath, a rapid heartbeat, passing paralysis. And they soon appear red, swelling, sometimes there are loss of sensitivity and secondary infection. The wound needs to be cleaned from the needles, disinfect, for the neutralization of the poison, a damaged part of the body hold on a very hot water of 30-90 minutes or impose a gulling bandage.

After a meeting with a black "long fighter", black dots can remain on the skin on the skin - this is a trail of the pigment, it is harmless, but it may make it difficult to find a needle stuck in you. After first aid, consult a doctor.

Shells (mollusks)

Often on the reef among corals there are wavy flaps bright blue.

mollusk Tridakna (Tridacna Gigas)

According to some reports, the divers sometimes fall between her sash, as in the drone, which leads to their death. The danger of thidaknes, however, is greatly exaggerated. These clams live in areas of shallow reefs in pure tropical waters, so they are easy to notice due to large sizes, brightly colored mantle and to compare the water during the low tide. The captured sink diver can easily be free, it is only necessary to bother between the sash knife and cut two muscles, compressive sash.

Poisonous mollusk cone (Conidae)
Do not touch beautiful sinks (especially big). It is worth remembering one rule: all mollusks having a long, thin and pointed eggs, poisonous. These are representatives of the kind of buchetic class cone having a brightly painted conical sink. Its length in most of the species does not exceed 15-20 cm. The cone causes an injection to sharp, like a needle, spike that is topped with a narrow end of the shell. Inside the spike passes the dump of a poisonous gland, according to which a very strong poison is injected into the wound.

Various types of kind cone are common on coastal shallows and coral reefs of warm seas.

At the time of the injection, there is a sharp pain. On the site of the introduction of the spike noted a reddish point against the background of pale leather.

Local inflammatory reaction is minor. There is a feeling of acute pain or burning, there may be numbness of the affected limb. In severe cases, there is a difficulty of speech, sluggish paralysis develops rapidly, knee reflexes disappear. A few hours later death may come.

With light poisoning, all symptoms disappear during the day.

The first aid is to remove spike fragments from the skin. The place of the lesion is cleaned with alcohol. Immobilization of the affected limb is performed. The patient in the lying position is delivered to the medical point.

Coral

Corals, both alive and dead, can cause painful cuts (be careful, walking around the coral islands). And the so-called "fiery" corals are armed with poisonous needles that are driven into a human body in the case of physical contact with them.

The coral base is polyps - marine invertebrate animals with a size of 1-1.5 millimeters or a little more (depending on the type).

Barely appearing on the light, the Ballet Polyp begins to build a house-cell in which he spends the entire age. Microdomics of polyps are grouped into a colony of which ultimately coral reef appears.

Having hungry, the polyp is pronounced from the "house" tentacles with a multitude of cutting cells. The smallest animals that make up plankton are running on the tentacles of the polyp, he paralyzes the victim and sends it to the oral hole. Despite microscopic sizes, the cutting cells of the polyps are distinguished by a very complex structure. Inside the cell is a capsule filled with poison. The outer end of the capsule is concave and has the form of a thin twisted tube spiral, which is called a cutting thread. This tube, covered by the miniature spikes, resembles a miniature harpooner. When touching the cutting thread straightens, the "harpooner" lies in the body of the victim, and the poison passing through it paralyzes the prey.

The poisoned "harpins" corals are able to hurt both a person. Dangerous belongs, for example, the fire coral. His colonies in the form of "trees" from thin plates were chosen by the shallow water of the tropical seas.

The most dangerous burning corals from the genus Milleporp are so beautiful that the scuba whales cannot resist the temptation to break down a piece of memory. You can do this without burns and cuts only in tarpaulin or leather gloves.

Fire coral (Millepora dichotoma)

Talking about such passive animals as coral polyps, it is worth mentioning about another interesting type of marine animals - sponges. Usually, sponges do not belong to the dangerous inhabitants of the sea, however, in the waters of the Caribbean there are some species that can cause severe skin irritation at the swimmer when contacting them. It is believed that pain can be removed with a weak solution of vinegar, but unpleasant consequences from contact with a sponge can last several days. These primitive animals belong to the family of Fibula, often they are called sponges.

Sea snakes (Hydrophidae)

About marine snakes are known a little. It is strange, as they live in all seas of the quiet and Indian oceans and are not among the rare inhabitants of the sea depths. Maybe all because people simply do not want to contact them.

And this has serious reasons. After all, marine snakes are dangerous and unpredictable.

There are about 48 species of marine snakes. This family has once left the land and completely passed on a water lifestyle. By virtue of this, marine snakes acquired some features in the structure of the body, and even externally differ somewhat from their ground fellow. The body is flattened from the sides, the tail in the form of a flat ribbon (in flat-minded representatives) or slightly elongated (at the lasty). Nostrils are located not on the sides, but on the top, so it is more convenient for them to breathe, drowning the tip of the muzzle from the water. Easy stretches throughout the body, but to a third of the whole oxygen, these snakes are absorbed from the water with the help of leather, which is thickly permeated with blood capillaries. Under water, the sea snake can be more than an hour.

The poison of the sea snake is dangerous for a person. In their poison, an enzyme prevails, which paralyzes the nervous system. When attacking the snake quickly deals with two short teeth, slightly bent back. The bite is practically painless, there is no edema, no hemorrhage.

But after some time weakness appears, coordination is disturbed, convulsions begin. From paralysis of the lungs in a few hours, death comes.

The large toxicity of the poison of these snakes is the direct result of the water habitat: so that the prey does not run away, it must be instantly paralyzed. True, the poison of maritime snakes is not as dangerous as the poison of snakes who live with us on land. With the bite of flat-resistant, 1 mg of poison is distinguished, and with a fastener bite - 16 mg. So, a chance to survive a person is. Of the 10 sea snakes biting 7 people remain alive, of course, if medical assistance will be provided to them.

True, there is no guarantee that we will be among the latter.

Among other hazardous water animals, it is necessary to mention particularly dangerous freshwater inhabitants - crocodiles living in the tropics and subtropics, piral fish living in the Amazon River basin, freshwater electric rivers, as well as fish, meat or some organs that are poisonous and can cause acute poisoning.

If you are interested in more detailed information about the dangerous types of jellyfish and corals, you can find it at http://medusy.ru/

The Indian Ocean is an integral part of the ocean. Its maximum depth is 7729 m (Zordsky chute), and the average depth is slightly more than 3700 m, which is the second result after the depths of the Pacific Ocean. The size of the Indian Ocean - 76.174 million km2. This is 20% of the Ocean Square. The volume of water is about 290 million km3 (together with all the seas).

The water of the Indian Ocean is distinguished by light blue and good transparency. This is due to the fact that there are very few freshwater rivers in it, which are the main "disturbers of calm." By the way, due to this, the water in the Indian Ocean is significantly stralee compared to the salinity indicators of other oceans.

The location of the Indian Ocean

Most of the Indian Ocean is located in the southern hemisphere. In the north, he borders with Asia, in southern with Antarctica, in the East with Australia and in the West with the African continent. In addition, in the south-east of its water, they are connected to the waters of the Pacific Ocean, and in the south-west with the Atlantic Ocean.

Seas and Bay of the Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean does not have such a number of seas as other oceans. For example, in comparison with the Atlantic Ocean, they are 3 times less. Most seas are located in its northern part. In the tropical zone are: Red (the very saline sea on earth), Lakcadiv, Arabian, Arafur, Timor and Andaman Sea. In the Antarctic zone, Sea Durville, Commonwealth, Davis, Riser-Larsen, Cosmonauts are located.

The largest bays of the Indian Ocean - Persian, Bengal, Omansky, Adensky, Pruds and Big Australian.

Islands of the Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is not distinguished by the abundance of the islands. The largest islands having a mainland origin - Madagascar, Sumatra, Sri Lanka, Java, Tasmania, Timor. Also, there are volcanic islands, such as Mauritius, Renon, Kergelen, and Coral - Chagos, Maldives, Andaman and others.

Underwater World of Indian Ocean

Since more than half of the Indian Ocean is located in tropical and subtropical zones, its underwater world is very rich and diverse in specifically. The coastal zone in the tropics is replete with numerous colonies of crabs and unique fish-orst jumpers. Corals live in shallow water, and in moderate waters grow a variety of algae - lime, brown, red.

The Indian Ocean's water area is a house for dozens of crustaceans, mollusks and jellyfish. In ocean waters, a sufficiently large number of marine snakes also live, among which are also poisonous species.

The special pride of the Indian Ocean is sharks. His water pursues many types of these predators, namely Tiger, Mako, gray, blue, big white shark, etc.

Mammals are represented by koths and dolphins. In the southern part of the ocean there are several types of lastonovy (cats, dones, seals) and whales.

Despite all the wealth of the underwater world, the fishery of seafood in the Indian Ocean is quite weak - only 5% of the global catch. In the ocean, sardines, tuna, shrimps, lobs, rates and lobsters are mined.

1. The ancient name of the Indian Ocean is East.

2. In the Indian Ocean, the vessel is regularly found in good condition, but without a crew. Where he disappears - a mystery. Over the past 100 years, such ships turned out to be 3 - "Tarbon", "Houston Market" (tankers) and the Cabin Cuber vessel.

3. Many species of the underwater world of the Indian Ocean have a unique property - they can glow. That is what explains the occurrence of luminous circles in the ocean.

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