Eyes for diseases of the thyroid gland. Why eyes on a cassette - diseases of repeated eyes Green walnuts

There is an opinion that it is necessary to treat this disease from an ophthalmologist, but it is not quite so. In most cases, the treatment of Pucheglasia is engaged in completely different specialists: an endocrinologist, a neuropathologist, a traumatologist, a otolaryngologist or oncologist. And the choice of treatment methods depends on the reasons that caused this state.

Types of Puchglasia

A surprise for most patients is that Puchglasie is not a disease. It is only a symptom, with a symptom of many diseases. Pucheglasie is manifested in different ways, however, in medicine it is customary to distinguish its three types:

One-sided Exophthalm, when one eye appears from the orbit;

Bilateral exophthalm, when both eyes appear from the orbit;

False Puchglasie, when the protrusion of the eyeball is a physiological norm and does not exceed a difference in 2 mm (such patients also fall into the risk group and should be observed by the doctor).

A small protrusion of orbits (from 15 to 18 mm) is considered a physiological norm. About Puchglasia, as a symptom of any disturbing disease, we are talking when these indicators are exceeded by 2-8 mm.

The cause of Puchglasia is the pathological processes occurring in the body. Therefore, the detection of Exophthalma requires a full survey of a person for setting an accurate diagnosis. After all, the cure of Pucheglasia is possible only with victory over the disease, which caused it.

All pathologies causing exophthalm will be divided into three groups:

1. Endocrine diseases. The most common cause of Pucheglasia in this category is the Bases disease (goiter). It is at the zob of the thyroid gland that is an excessive amount of hormone, which causes the immune system to strengthen cell formation. Actually, these cells and load the tissues of the organ of vision, causing the thickening of the glasses provoked by an edema.

2. Diseases of different organism systems. These include tumors of the brain and the apparent sinuses of the nose, inflammatory processes of the sinuses, blood disease, thrombosis and the aneurysms of the brain vessels, the fractures of the orbit bones, accompanied by hemorrhage, trichinosis.

3. Eye diseases. Here, "culprits" Puchglasie can be: thrombosis of orbital veins, strong, benign or malignant orbit tumors.

The elimination of the manifestation of Exophthalm takes place only after the intervention is a narrow specialization.

Signs and consequences of Pucheglasia

Fighting the manifestations of diseases that caused Exophthalm, the patient saves his eyes. After all, by itself Puchglasie is not only an aesthetic problem. Exophthalm has a significant negative impact on the functions of the entire system of view, the violation of which can threaten complete.

Puchglasie, probably, one of the few cases when the symptom itself has a number of manifestations of symptoms. After all, for people with exophthalm, not only external manifestations of violations are peculiar.

From the side of the vision body, there is a violation of eye mobility, visible objects, a feeling of pressure on the eyes ,. Due to the lack of tight contact of the eyelid and the eyeball, it is not fully moistened, which can entail with its possible destruction or inflammation. There are swelling, eyelids, discs.

This condition threatens with a complete blindness, which may occur, due to squeezing the visual nerve from increased pressure in the cavity of the eye. In this case, it will simply be out (atrophy).

Pucheglasia diagnosis

Timely and accurate diagnosis of Exophthalm significantly accelerates the beginning of the treatment of the main disease. Pucheglasie is also false, but, the first suspicion of such a deviation, in any case, should be made to see a doctor: a therapist or an ophthalmologist. And already a doctor based on a personal survey will recommend the desired specialist.

Modern diagnostic methods will help accurately determine the presence of either no exophthalma. For this apply:

Ophthalmological examination;

Computer or magnetic resonance tomography;

Laboratory research.

Treatment of Pucheglasia

In case of pureglasia caused by the base disease, the correction of the functions of the thyroid gland is necessary. This will help the courses of glucocorticosteroids.

The treatment of inflammation processes is therapy or surgical intervention.

Operation is also not excluded when setting oncological diagnosis. For cancer diseases, such procedures as chemotherapy and irradiation are also shown - usually in the complex.

The elimination of the squeezing of the optic nerve is achieved during the operation, when the adipose tissue is partially removed. If the cornea is damaged, the full or partial stitching of the eyelids is performed.

And facilitating the symptoms of the course of the Puchglasia itself will provide 5 basic rules recommended by experts:

1. Maintaining the constant moisture of eyeballs. This is achieved by the use of special, commercially available ophthalmic ointments that are applied for the night.

2. Wearing sunglasses. High-quality glasses having glass darkened lenses are able to protect the eyes and from wind, and from sunlight, as well as disguise convex eyes.

3. Failure to salt. Reducing the consumption of salt reduces the formation of fluid in the body, and therefore the fluid pressure on the eye area will decrease.

4. Application of the sublime position of the head with a dream. Even 15 cm plus to the usual position of the head during sleep will help to avoid the edema of the eyelids that increase the manifestations of Puchglasia.

5. Use eye drops. However, it is very important to remember that droplets to successfully combat the redness of the conjunctiva gives an effect only the first 3 days. An abuse of such a procedure will cause only greater extension of vessels.

Pucheglasia treatment is a long-term process, sometimes for this may be required even for several years. The forecast is usually favorable, however, to achieve it, the patient needs to turn to a specialist in time and scrupulously follow its recommendations.

It is important to choose such an eye clinic, where you will really help, and not "dismiss" or will "pull" money without solving the problem. Next, we present a rating of specialized ophthalmologic institutions where you can pass the examination and treatment if you are diagnosed with Puchglasie.

When diagnosing thyrotoxicosis, eye symptoms are an important role. The rapid pulse, increasing the size of the gland and Pucheglasie is three sign of the pathology of the gland.

Consider the causes of eye diseases, symptoms and treatment.

Causes of thyrotoxicosis

The increase in hormones - thyrotoxicosis, leads to an increase in the need for an organism in oxygen and increased formation of heat.

This is expressed in such signs as severe sweating, tachycardia, hand shake, anxiety.

A cardiovascular system is broken, changes with skin, hair, eye disease appear.

The eye diseases are bounded mainly with a violation of the movement of the eyes and muscles of the face.

Basic -

exophthalm, protrusion of eyeballs.

More often observed one-sided. A certain role in this is playing a vegetative system.

The reason is the increased tone of the oxide muscles, the volume of tissues and fat increases.

All this leads to stagnation in centuries, increase pressure and swelling.

At first suspicions of the disease, you need to turn to the endocrinologist and to undergo diagnosis.

It includes a survey of blood hormones, an ultrasound and cardiogram conclusion.

Eye symptoms with thyrotoxicosis

With the disease by thyrotoxicosis, the eye cracks occurs, it seems that man is frightened or surprised.

There is an increased glitter, patients complain of "sand" in the eyes, light-friendly, pain.

The disease distinguish symptoms:

Delrift - Wide expansion of eye cracks (surprised look).

Scheduge - Extremely rare blink.

Gref - Loading outdoor century when moving the eyes. It occurs due to the increased tone of the muscles, which are responsible for the movement of the century. A stripes are visible white sclera. When moving the pupil, the eyeball is moving freely with it.

Mebius - Disrupted the convergence of eyeballs, not the ability to fix objects near. The result of a larger tone of oblique muscles than internal straight lines.

Kohler - The bias of the century towards the lower or top edge of the orbit, while the sclerator is exposed. The offset can be insignificant, to leak imperceptibly or stating the cornea.

Elinka - The eyelid color is occurring, significant skin darkening.

Jofru - Farming of the forehead does not happen when looking up.

Rosenbach - Tremera eyelid with covered eyes.

Brown - Does not cause a narrowing eye with a laugh.

Ecroota - The top eyelid swells.

Wilder - The eyeball moves with stops, stepped.

Pulling eyeballs.

Tears violation — In patients with pucheglasium. There is inflammation of the horny shell due to the inability to close the eyes or at night.

All these signs of the disease, especially eye protrusion and extended eye cracks make the face of a sick person of this kind, as if he froze from fear.

Usually these symptoms are bilateral, less often is observed.

With the average and severe degree of eye damage, vision is significantly reduced, two in the eyes.

But the eye symptoms are not always manifested, in some patients with severe illness they are not.

Therefore, it is impossible to regard the disease on the basis of the symptoms of the eyes.

Doctors distinguish three severity of diseases of Exophthalm

• I - insignificant - (15.9 ± 0.2) mm, there is a light swelling of the eyelid;
• II - medium - (17.9 ± 0.2) mm, with a strong manifestation of eyelids and obvious signs of the deformation of the muscles of the eye;
• III - strong - (22,8 + 1,1) mm, ulceration of the cornea, the movement of apples eyes is very limited.

Treatment

Carried out by methods: medicines, surgically.

The severity of the disease determines the choice of the drug. Treatment of eye symptoms:

• with initial signs of the disease, large doses of the drug of imidazole do not apply;
• in the future, a long-term treatment of thyroid hormones with constant controlling of the pulse is prescribed;
• in the treatment of good effects are glucocorticosteroids and gammaterapy with simultaneous admission of overestimated doses of hormones;
• helps the daily administration of hydrocortisone.

If the disease is long, then the regression is very difficult to achieve, due to the fact that a lot of fat and connective tissue accumulates the inclusive orbits.

Normal treatment does not help, an operation to expand the orbit is necessary.

Treatment with the means of traditional medicine is allowed as auxiliary to basic treatment.

From herbs brewing: palm, rosehip, hawthorn, take the tincture of walnut nuts.

These plants help to maintain the body, reduce such symptoms: pressure, heartbeat.

But before receiving folk remedies,

coordinate with your attending physician.

Meals during illness

The treatment of the disease includes comprehensive therapy - drug and proper nutrition.

It is necessary to drink plenty of water, not less than 3 liters per day. Diet with disease includes the following rules:

• increase daily calorie food;
• increase the consumption of trace elements;
• ensure the most complete consumption of protein, it is the basis for the construction of muscle tissue;
• do not use exciting - chocolate, spices, alcohol, coffee;
• do not include in the diet food stimulating fermentation - rice, grapes, plums, peaches;
• avoid fried, salted, sweet.

Well helps the use of strawberries, peaches.

Meat can be any, only in boiled form.

Fish - preferably river, there is no iodine in it.

Only with proper nutrition and reception of medicines can be achieved to improve the condition and facilitating the symptoms of the disease.

You may be interested:

Effect of diseases of the endocrine system for vision
It is not too late: how to learn thyrotoxicosis in time?

The normal Eye Apple almost does not protrude beyond the limits of the plane of the orbit and is slightly shifted to the outer edge. If a person in his or others is noticed an abnormal pathological displacement of the eyeball, it can talk about serious health violations.

The eye can shift forward (exophthalm or protrusion), back (enofalm) and in the right or left side (lateral displacement). The nature of the displacement is determined by the main cause - the disease.

Pucheglasie or Exophthalm is the displacement of the eyeball forward, and in some cases ahead and to the side while maintaining its normal size and shape. One-sided Exophthalm is characterized by the protrusion of one eyeball, bilateral - both.

The reasons for the Exophthalm of one eyes lie in the problems of organs of vision, and both eyes are in the problems of organs of endocrine, respiratory systems and other diseases. The pulsating Exophthalm almost always talks about the diseases of the vascular of the eye or the inclusive fabrics. There is a visual pulsation of the scratched eyeball. Pulsation exceeds normal fluctuations in a healthy eye several times.

How is Exophthalm manifested?

With attentive look, you can even see the barely starting protrusion. Typically, the sclera (the protein shell of the eye) between the upper age is not seen, but the spaciousness is clearly visible. At the same time, the patient blinks less often, which creates an impression of a continuous look.

Eye protrusion can notice the patient directly in self-imaging with the help of a mirror surrounding without special training and, of course, a doctor at the reception.

Because of the rare blinking of the eye, it is worsened, because often Exophthalm is accompanied by dry eyes, the feeling of "sand" in them, irritation. With a strong protrusion of eyeballs, eyelids do not completely close the eyes during sleep. This creates problems with night bed, especially at the fallup stage, and is also fraught with mechanical damage to the cornea, up to vacuum.

Causes of Exophthalma

By itself, Exophthalm is not a disease. This is rather concomitant phenomenon. Exophthalm occurs in pathological processes occurring in the eyeboard, skull or in some other diseases. In particular, the reasons for Exophthalm are as follows.

What are the symptoms of Exophthalma

Exophtalma symptoms are as follows:

• noticeable protrusion of one or both eyeballs;
• pulsation in a pathologically located eyeball (not always);
• the inability to close the eyes is completely (with launched forms or severe flow);
• dry, rubber, irritation, "sand" in the eyes;
• shots in the eyes;
• worsening vision.

The following symptoms are connected not so much with Pucheglasia itself, as with its causes:

• pain when rotating eyeballs;
• difficulty management of eyeballs;
• pain in the head;
• noise and "whistle" in the ears;
• dizziness;
• fatigue and drowsiness.

There are a number of diseases in which such a symptom is observed as scolded eyes. If it develops slowly and gradually, then the most likely causes are the violation of the functions of the thyroid gland or the growth of intraocular tumor, the "extracting" eye outwards. With malignant neoplasms, the forecast is unfavorable, so when Puchglasia appears, it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor. The rapid development of Exophthalm in most cases is associated with injuries and blood circulation disruption in brain vessels. The choice of a method of treatment depends on the etiology of the disease.

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Symptoms

The symptoms of Exophthalma are:

• eyes Skivat - Speaking of the Eye Apple from under the ages and orbits, well noticeable when examining from behind, from the back of the patient;
• reduction of visual acuity;
• sand feeling in the eyes;
• image doubles;
• pain when eye movement or alone;
• increased tearing;
• redness and edema, conjunctiva;
• an incomplete closure of the eyelids.

Depending on the severity of Exophthalma, certain signs may appear.

With prolonged and pronounced poureglasia, the following symptoms arise:

• submissions or dislocate eyes from the orbit (the eyeball is fully resolved from the eye and rejected by centuries);
• violation of eye mobility, up to paralysis of glasses of glasses;
• development of edge keratitis (corneal inflammation) due to the constant implacation of the age;
• the appearance of erosions and ulcers on the surface of the cornea when drying it;
• an increase in intraocular pressure, which leads to degenerative changes in the retina;
• empting conjunctiva;
• the swelling of the optic nerve disk.

The degree of displacement of the scrambled eyes is determined by the ophthalmologist with the help of an exophthalmometer.

There is also pseudo -exophthalm (or false exophthalm) in patients with a high degree of myopia due to the stretching of the eyeball.

Exophthalm.



Causes of pathology

Persecuted eyes in adults are due to several reasons, including:

• thyroid disease (Basedova disease, or diffuse toxic goiter), hypothalamic syndrome;
• the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in infectious inflammatory diseases;
• intra community tumors;
• injuries, hemorrhage;
• thrombophlebitis orbital veins;
• cysts in the apparent sinuses of the nose (Mukocele);
• purulent accumulations in the frontal, topless and lattice sinuses;
• pathological increase in bone tissue in the eyeboard (hyperostosis);
• increase the tone of the vegetative nervous system.

In medicine, this state received the name of Exophthalma. Pucheglasie in humans may have a different degree - from barely noticeable to pronounced, at which there is a squeezing of the visual nerve and impairment. Lack of treatment may result in its complete loss.



Diseases of the thyroid gland

Most common The reason for the punched eyes in humans is a diffuse toxic goiter associated with the hyperproduction of thyroid hormones of thyroid gland. In this disease, Exophthalm usually develops to a moderate extent, but sometimes it reaches significant sizes. Putting the eyeball from orbits is due to several physiological causes:

• an increase in the tone of the peripheral nervous system;
• vasomotor disorders (changes in blood distribution);
• an increase in the volume of orbital tissues;
• abbreviation of the ciliary (ciliary) muscle, as a result of which the eye slot is expanding.

Part of patients at the beginning of the thyroid disease, an explicit exophthalm may be absent (26% of cases). If only one eye is affected, then the reasons for the second occurs in the next 3 years.

In the elderly, the disease is dangerous in the appearance of violations in the cardiovascular system: atrial fibrillation, stretching of the heart cavities, the development of systolic dysfunction, heart failure. These pathologies may occur in patients with apparent and with a hidden form of the disease.

The progressive form of the disease develops most often in men over 40 years after the surgical removal of the thyroid gland. The occurrence of punched eyes in this case is associated with excessive hydrofysome hormones. The following features are also characteristic:

• significant swelling of conjunctiva in which it falls in the form of a roller;
• bilateral defeat of both eyes;
• exophthalm reaches the sublifting and dislocation;
• first, there is a limit of movement of the eye up, then on the sides and down;
• the sensitivity of the cornea is disturbed;
• on its surface, purulent ulcers are formed;
• fibrosis of fiber and other general features are characteristic of exophthalma with base disease.



Inflammatory diseases

Screwed eyes can be observed with infectious-purulent inflammation of the orbit. This phenomenon arises against the background of the following pathologies:

• diseases of the apparent sinuses of the nose;
• carious process in the oral cavity;
• angina;
• face (inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes caused by streptococcus);
• measles;
• furuncula on the skin of the face and head;
• flu;
• septicemia;
• scarlet fever;
• tuberculosis;
• inflammation of the periosteum;
• syphilis and other infectious diseases.

Rear osteoperityaccompanied by inflammation of the bone wall of the orbit, most often cause staphylococci, streptococci, tuberculosis wand, pale treponema (syphilis pathogen). In this case, the eye is released with their displacement to the side, a decrease in the sensitivity of the age and cornea. For syphilis Exophthalm is accompanied by night pain. Mycobacterium tuberculosis More often in children.

Tenon shell inflammationHaving embracing the eyeball along the rear surface and providing the correct position of the eye in orbit, it is characterized by pain when moving through the eyes and a sense of drinking. These symptoms are associated with the accumulation of serous or purulent exudate between the eyeball and the capsule.

Tenoniteit occurs as a complication in the following cases:

• eye damage;
• surgical surgical surgasses;
• infectious inflammatory processes;
• flu;
• erysipelas;
• rheumatism and other pathologies.

Injuries

Exophthalm occurs with several types of injuries:

• Fracture base skull (Symptom of "points" - bilateral hemorrhage under centuries and in conjunctiva, omission of the upper eyelid, paralysis of the muscles of the eye).
• Feline of the Elets. (pain, paddle before eyes, split visual objects, swelling and hemorrhage in the eyelids, narrowing the eye slit, the omission of the eyelids, the violation of the mobility of the eyeball).
• Eye contusion (Bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, hemorrhage under centuries and conjunctiva, deterioration of visual acuity up to full blindness). As complications arise: the addition of secondary infection, meningitis, brain abscess, atrophy of the optic nerve.
• Ripped, cut or crushed Wounds of soft fabrics of the eyes (Fatiflower falling, the omission of the century, the paralysis of the muscles of the eye with a deep injection).

Treatment of these states is performed surgically.

Tumors

All kinds of tumors are developing in the orphanage. Scattered eyes, deviation of it in one of the sides and rapidly progressive Exophthalm may be symptoms of a tumor growing in the eye. The frequency of development of malignant eye tumors is about 20% of all types of localization of neoplasms. This phenomenon is equally common among women and men.

In childhood, most often diagnosed:

1. 1. Glioma optic nerveaccompanied by neurofibromatosis. Often it spreads to the cavity of the skull, impairs visual sharpness and causes various defects of its fields. The disease in the early stages allow to identify ultrasound and x-ray research.
2. 2. Sympatoballastoma of the orbit. It is a malignant tumor, usually strikes both eyes to varying degrees. The prognosis of the disease is bad, only a symptomatic treatment of complications is possible.

Meningioma of the optic nerve in the orbital part is more often detected in older people. The growth of neoplasm in the eyerian causes Exophthalm, impairment of vision. Meningoma grows slowly, but the forecast for preservation of vision is bad. Less often meet the secondary tumors of the optic nerve arising from metastasis.

The malignant retinal tumor causes a rapidly increasing exophthalm in the late, 3rd stage of the disease. Under germination to the front of the eye, it goes out and has a kind of mushroom with a buggy surface. In the launched cases, the magnitude of the neoplasm can reach several centimeters in diameter.

The squeezing and displacement of the eye also cause benign tumors:

• angioma (vascular tumors) - the most common type of benign formations in the eye;
• lymphangiomas (from cells of lymphatic vessels);
• osteomes (from bone tissue);
• lipoma ("Zhenoviki");
• fibromes (from connective tissue);
• cysts, including congenital, and other education.

For angiom, a slow tumor growth is characterized, enhancing eye discharge when tilting the head, cough and outling. Treatment is carried out surgically with the subsequent plastic of the eyeball.

Other pathology

Screwed eyes may also be a consequence of vascular disorders:

• Brain thrombosis. This pathology entails heavy consequences. Exophthalm most often bilateral, there is a complete immobility of the eyeballs. The disease appears suddenly.
• Thrombophlebit (The blockage and inflammation of the walls of blood vessels) of the orbital veins is accompanied by redness of the skin of the face, an exophthalm, a decrease in eye mobility, in severe cases there is a rapid deterioration of the patient's overall well-being, right up to loss of consciousness. A few hours after the emergence of the first signs and displacement of one eye, the vein thrombosis may occur, paralysis of eye muscles, complete loss of vision, appear symptoms of meningitis and brain abscess. In the future, in the absence of treatment, the fatal outcome occurs due to the purulent inflammation of the brain shells.
• Orbitalhemorrhage (spontaneously or after the eye damage). Spontaneous hemorrhages may appear with a lack of vitamin C, thrombocytopenic purpura, arteriovenous aneurysm. The characteristic features of these deviations are the sudden appearance of Exophthalma, the pulsation of the wrinkled eye, the noise in the head, edema, redness of the conjunctiva.

Treatment of these diseases is carried out by the operational way.

Pucheglasie in children

Newborn children have a sign of several deviations, among which:

• Markus-Gunna Syndrome. One-sided or bilateral exophthalm is noticeable at sucking milk, the degree of its severity is different. Pathology is congenital.
• Intracranial hypertension.In this case, the child bilateral exophthalm is constant.
• Disturbance calcium exchangeaccompanied by hemorrhages in the eyeboard.
• Mukopolisaccharideosis. At birth, such children have a wide face, scratched eyes, a saddle-shaped nose, deviations in a skeletal system, underdeveloped muscles, clouding of the cornea of \u200b\u200bdairy and an increase in its diameter, thickened eyelids.
• Xantomatous granuloma. The narrowing of the oral volume is due to the accumulation of cholesterol and triglycerides. As a result, there is an exophthalm.

The last 2 pathologies are congenital violations of lipid metabolism. Such metabolic diseases are usually incurable.

Scattered eyes can be observed in the first hours after the appearance of light and in healthy kids. This is due to the adaptation voltage in the first day of life and the activation of the pituitary gland in the process of childbirth. Exophthalm in such children are combined with a light shake of the limbs and an increase in the pulse frequency. This phenomenon is found in 5% of dadish children and 15% premature.

At a later age, the child's eyes can appear at:

• vegeto-vascular dystonia;
• taking corticosteroids;
• cough;
• infectious and noncommunicable diseases that are the cause of Exophthalma in adults;
• the lack of vitamin C and D. Most often it is found in children with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver, as well as with the treatment of sulfanilamide antibiotics.

A characteristic feature of Exophthalma in young children is a symptom of a Gref - a white strip of a sclerar between the iris and a century with a child look up or down. The easiest exophthalma degree in the first months of the newborn life is not considered as pathological and does not require specific treatment (in the absence of other identified diseases).

Treatment

The method of treatment of exophthalma depends on the causes of its occurrence:

Cause	Therapy
Infectious inflammatory diseases	sanitation of foci of inflammation (apparent sinuses of the nose, throat, mouth cavity and others); local physiotherapy: UHF, diathermy and other ways; the introduction of antibacterial agents into infectious focus and their systemic use (tetracycline, sulfonamide group, and others); surgical opening of purulent abscesses; with syphilis and tuberculosis, specific treatment is carried out
Eye injury and hemorrhage	The following drugs are prescribed: sodium chloride solutions, magnesium sulfate (intravenous); rutin and ascorbic acid (to reduce the permeability of blood vessels); aminocaproic acid, fibrinogen (to stop bleeding); Nerochol, retabolil, pentoxyl to improve fabric nutrition and other drugs. Place use cold compresses. With significant hemorrhage and displacement of the eyeball, surgical operation is carried out
Diffuse toxic goiter	drug therapy (thiamazole and its analogs); radiation impact with radioactive iodine; hormone therapy after a radiotherapy course (prednisone, Levothyroxin sodium); surgical intervention

Before treatment, the patient needs to be consulted by an endocrinologist. Endocrine ophthalmopathy is lightly treated only symptomatically, expectant tactics are carried out. Every 2-3 months require a consultation of an ophthalmologist.

Thank you

The site provides reference information solely to familiarize yourself. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation of a specialist is obligatory!

To date, the most popular in official medicine is a morphological classification eye diseases, taking into account the localization of the pathological process in the organ of vision.

According to this classification disease eyes There are diseases of the eye apple and the disease of the apparatus of the eye. The diseases of the apparatus of the eye in turn are anatically divided into the following pathologies:

• eyelid disease eyes;
• diseases of the tear bodies;
• diseases of the eye conjunctiva;
• the pathology of the glasses;
• diseases orbit eyes (soccer).

The diseases of the eyeball are lesions of its shells and the pathology of the optical environment of the eye (cornea, lens and a vitreous body), such as:

• diseases of the connective tissue shell of the eye (sclera);
• corneal diseases;
• disease lens;
• the pathology of the vitreous body;
• impairment of intraocular pressure;
• diseases associated with dysfunction of the focusing system (myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism);
• diseases of the vascular shell of the eye (iris, eyelashes and the vascular shell itself);
• retina pathology of the eye;
• diseases of the optic nerve.

As a rule, injuries of the organ of vision are separately isolated, since in such cases, combined lesions of different morphological structures are often observed.

Illness of the Eye Age (Khalazion, Barley, Blepharitis) - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment. What are the processes in the body subjected the eye-eye risk of the development of chronic inflammatory reactions

Eye disease Khalazion (Halazion). Signs and treatment

The eye disease Khalazion also has a folk name - Gradda, which is not better describing its essence. The chalazion is an appearance on the upper or lower eyelid absolutely painless elastic-elastic seal having a view of a hidden under the skin of the gradin in the middle of about 5 mm.

The immediate cause of the development of this disease occasion of the eyelids is the blockage of the output duct of Maobiye gland, which leads to its overflow with the subsequent breakthrough of the secret, around the granules of which, as a result of aseptic inflammation, a connective tissue capsule is formed, a degradation of a chalazion from the surrounding tissues of skin and cartilage.

The blockage of the withdrawal duct of Maobiye gland is most often due to the violation of metabolic processes in the body. The risk factors of the colasion development are such pathologies as diabetes mellitus, ulcerative disease of the stomach and duodenum, various kinds of allergic diseases.

In the early stages of the development of pathology, when a solid connective tissue capsule has not yet been formed around the chalazion, this disease disease disease is trying to treat conservative methods using local glucocorticoid injections (Kenalog-40, etc.).

However, in most cases, the grades are resorted to surgical removal. This is a relatively safe operation, which is carried out under local anesthesia.

The forecast for such an eye disease as a halazion is favorable, but it should be noted that in the case of difficultly disposable metabolic disorders (severe forms of diabetes or serious allergic diseases) are possible relapses.

Common infectious eye diseases in adults and children: barley. Treatment and prevention

The disease, called the people "barley on the eye", is an infectious inflammation of the glands of the century. At the same time, the outer and internal barley distinguish.

The outer barley occurs as a result of the infectious and inflammatory process in the swarm and sweat glands located at the edges of the eyelids, and internal - as a result of purulent melting of Maobiya glands. So the outer barley is easily determined visually in the form of an edema nodule on the edge of the century, and the internal can be seen only by turning the eyelid.

The duration of such an eye disease as barley is small - no more than a week. The disease begins acutely with the sensation of the foreign body in the eye and / or discomfort at the edge of the affected century, then appears pain syndrome, which is enhanced as the edema in the affected place increases.

On the second or third day, a purulent head appears above the inflated gland, which is revealed to the fourth day of the disease. After spontaneous removal of the "rod" and pus all the symptoms are quickly self-made.

It should be remembered that in no case you can not try to squeeze the barley, since it is possible to distribute the process, so that an innocent eye disease disease can be complicated by the development of purulent inflammation of the fluid fiber of the society or even thrombosis of venous vessels. Also contraindicated the use of wet heat (row), since the "screening" of new dishes is possible.

Multiple and frequently appearing jackets tend to reduce immunity and vitamin failure. Often the recurrent form of this eyelid disease develops against the background of diabetes mellitus or / and chronic pathologies of the digestive tract.

Treatment barley conservative: dry heat, as well as drops or ointments with antibiotics. With recurrent infectious diseases of the eyelid, the eyes are prescribed to the urgent therapy, the biodowder of "Beer yeast" has proven well.

Eye-eyed diseases - causes and treatment. Leather peeling around the eyes, itching, redness as the main symptoms of such an eye disease as blepharitis

If the barley and the chalazion are the pathology of the eyelids, then the blufarit is called the skin disease covering the edge of the eyelid. This is one of the most common eye diseases. Blofafarites, as well as other infectious diseases of the eyes are more common in the elderly, and patients with reduced immunity.

As a rule, blepharitis is a chronically flowing bilateral inflammatory defeat of the edges of the upper and lower eyelids of the eye. The chronic of the process contributes to the overvoltage of the organ of vision with inadequately corrected hyperopia or astigmatism, the presence of such eye diseases as chronic conjunctivitis and the "dry eye" syndrome, as well as chronic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic pathologies (diabetes mellitus), the impact of allergens (including drugs ), dust, dry air, cigarette and industrial smoke.

This eye disease may have both infectious and noncommunicable nature. Infectious blufarites are most often caused by bacteria, but viral and fungal diseases of the edges of the eyelids are found. Non-infectious bleparaits in most cases are associated with violation of the work of the eyelids (sebaceous and Maobiyev).

The symptoms of blufarite as an eyelids of the eyelids are concluded in the appearance of visible changes (the thickening of the eyelids, the occurrence of such pathological elements as scales, crusts, ulcers, etc.), as well as in the development of pain syndrome and the sensation of itching in the affected area.

The treatment of blepharite largely depends on its shape (scaly, ulcerative, rear (resulting as a result of Maobiye iron dysfunction), demodic (tick-free)) and includes local events (processing of the edges of the eyelid, the use of special drops and ointments) and general treatment activities (identification and treatment diseases of the digestive tract, correction of exchange disorders, vitamin therapy, normalization of the work of the immune system).

The forecast is favorable only with long-term adequate treatment, since this eye disease is characterized by a hard flow and a tendency to relapses.

Barley: Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention - Video

Red eyes - what diseases symptom?

Eye illness conjunctivitis is the most popular answer to the question: "What is the name of the disease of red eyes". Causes of inflammatory diseases of the mucous membrane of the eye and eyelids, symptoms, treatment

The conjunctivitis is an inflammatory response that develops in the mucous membrane, which lifts the inner surface of the eyelids, as well as the outer surface of the eyeball, with the exception of the cornea (outer shell covering the iris and pupil).

The main symptoms of this eye disease are signs of the inflammatory process in the conjunctival cavity, in particular:

• redness of the proteins of the eyes and the inner surface of the eyelids;
• edema;
• sensation of itching or / and discomfort in the field of the eyelids;
• bonding cilia after sleep;
• purulent or / and mucous membrane separated, accumulating in the field of the inner corner of the eye;
• the visible increase in the glands of the conjunctiva (follicles and papillas on the inner surface of the eyelid).

The reasons for the development of conjunctivitis are very diverse, so the acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyelid and the eyeball may be caused:
1. Bacterial infection, among which there are the greatest clinical significance:

• staphylococcal conjunctivitis (acute and chronic);
• acute conjunctivitis caused by a stick of blue pus;
• acute gonococcal conjunctivitis (Blennorya);
• diffex conjunctivitis.

2. Viral infection causing eye disease such as:

• epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (inflammatory process, at the same time exciting conjunctiva and cornea);
• adenovirus conjunctivitis;
• epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis with characteristic multiple hemorrhages in the mucous membrane;
• herpestvirus conjunctivitis.

3. Chlamydial infection causing such eye diseases as

• trachoma, often leading to severe irreversible changes in the mucous membrane of the eyelid and eyeball, as well as to the damage to the horny shell of the eye with the formation of Luma;
• pararahoma characterized by more benign flow.

4. Allergic type reactions, resulting in the following eye diseases:

• spring keratoconjunctivitis (Spring Qatar), which is a children's allergic eye damage, inclined to persistent chronic recurrent flow;
• medicinal allergic conjunctivitis;
• polynial conjunctivitis arising during the flowering period of certain herbs, cereals, trees;
• chronic allergic conjunctivitis, often associated with constant contact with household household allergens (fish food, ordinary home dust, wool and dandruff, household chemicals, etc.);
• allergic conjunctivitis associated with the use of contact lenses;
• the large-scale conjunctivitis, which is a specific reaction of the upper eyelid mucosa on the foreign body (contact lenses, seams after the extraction of cataracts, scleral seals).

Treatment of such an eye disease as conjunctivitis depends on the cause that caused the disease. So, for example, drugs appointed during allergic conjunctivitis are categorically contraindicated with inflammation of the conjunctiva of bacterial origin and vice versa. Therefore, in suspected acute conjunctivitis, seek professional medical care.

Chronic inflammatory processes in conjunctiva, as well as chronic inflammatory eyelid diseases, may indicate the presence of the following adverse factors:
1. Other eye diseases (non-corrected hyperophases or astigmatism, etc.);
2. Chronic pathologies of the whole organism (diabetes mellitus, diseases of the digestive tract, immune disorders, hypovitaminosis);
3. Failure to comply with elementary sanitary and hygienic measures in everyday life and production (increased dusting of premises, non-compliance with the regime and recreation when working associated with an increased eye load, etc.).

Therefore, in the presence of chronic persistently occupied conjunctivitis, it is necessary to carry out a detailed examination of the eyes and the whole organism, as well as take all measures to protect the eyes from adverse environmental factors.

Eye disease Keratitis (corneal inflammation): redness of the eyes, tear, painful spasm of the eyelids

Eye redness is also observed with such an eye disease as keratitis (inflammation of the horny shell of the eye), which, as well as conjunctivitis, is a whole group of inflammatory pathologies caused by various reasons.

So, depending on the cause distinguish:
1. Bacterial keratitis which are usually caused by the damaged cornea with pneumococci, staphylococci or streptococci fabrics and manifest themselves such severe pathology as creeping corneal ulcers (often leads to purulent vitreous body (endophthalmite) or all eye shells (panophalmite) with extremely unfavorable preservation by the forecast).
2. Edge Keratitis which are a complication of inflammatory eye diseases of the eye or / and conjunctivitis and have a relatively favorable prognosis (the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe cornea on the site of the boundary lesions, as a rule, do not affect the function of view).

3. Mushroom keratitis representing rarely encountered corneal lesions with mold, radiant or yeast mushrooms arising from small injuries with a rings of fungal infection (work in rural areas or contact distribution from skin foci).
4. Endogenic or deep keratitis , which are "eye" manifestations of non-organ-related diseases, such as:

• congenital or acquired syphilis;
• damage to the first trigeminal nerve branch (neuroparalytic keratitis);
• hypovitaminosis (lack of vitamins A, in 1, B 2, C, RR or / and E).

5. Keratitis of unexplained etiology (Rosacea -Cheratitis, recurrent cornea erosion, etc.), characterized by a stubborn chronic recurrent flow.

The clinic of eye diseases, united by Keratitis, largely depends on the cause that caused pathology. However, there are general, characteristic of inflammation of the cornea of \u200b\u200bany etiology symptoms, such as:

• photophobia;
• tear;
• the painful spasm of the eyelid (blefarpasm).

The mechanism of the emergence of the above symptoms, called corneal syndrome or corneal triad, is associated with a large number of nervous receptors located on the cornea.

The cornea syndrome masks another mandatory symptom of the cornea damage - a decrease in vision caused by a violation of its light-conducting function.

Redness of the eye during keratitis is associated with paralysis of vessels that feed the cornea. These vessels are much deeper, so this kind of redness (the so-called deep or perikornal injection) has its own characteristics:
1. The intensity of redness is reduced towards the cornea from the cornea to the periphery of the eyeball;
2. Reds has a purple shade;
3. Unlike redness in conjunctivitis, in the pericorneal injection, large vessels are almost impossible to distinguish.

Since the treatment of keratitis depends on the cause that caused inflammatory disease of the horny shell of the eye, and belated or inadequate therapy may lead to irrepustible loss of vision, it is extremely important when the first signs of Keratitis appeal for help from an ophthalmologist.

Chronic eye diseases, when eye redness requires emergency medical intervention - glaucoma

Redness of the eye can be one of the signs of an attack of glaucoma - chronic eye disease characterized by periodic or / and constant increasing intraocular pressure.

Sendance with medical care when attacking this eye disease can lead to an irreprecious loss of vision, since, as a result of a sharp increase in intraocular pressure, gross circulatory disorders occur in the retina of the eye, which can cause necrosis of the head of the optic nerve.

Meanwhile, put the correct diagnosis of glaucoma's attack is not so simple. The fact is, the body of vision is closely interrelated with the central nervous system, therefore, a significant increase in intraocular pressure causes the so-called general-selling symptoms (aging headache, nausea, vomiting).

At the same time, pain in the affected eye can remain unnoticed due to severe headache, so redness is an extremely important symptom. Doctors advise in doubtful cases to compare the consistency of a healthy and affected eye and focus on such a characteristic symptom of acute gloomy attack as "hard as an eye stone." The suspicion of acute increasing intraocular pressure is an indication of the immediate hospitalization in the ophthalmic department of the hospital. Before the arrival of the doctors, you can try to soften the attack with a hot-sized foot bath (such a procedure will cause blood outflow from the head and reduce the intensity of the general-selling symptoms of glaucoma).

Conjunctivitis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment - Video

Illness of the Eye DNA

Visible with ophthalmoscopy Eye bottom Signs of sickness of vessels of the retina eye and eye nerve

The eye bed is called visible using a special device, an ophthalmoscope, part of the inner surface of the eye, which includes:

• Retina eye - consisting of ten layers internal shell of the eye responsible for the perception of the visual image;
• Makulu or yellow spot - Located in the central part of the Eye Dna, the retinal section responsible for the best vision zone;
• Disc optic nerve , with which the information from the retina is transmitted to the brain to the central part of the visual analyzer located in the occipital share;
• Large vessels The vascular shell translucent through thin layers of the retina.

Often the initial stages of the pathology of the vascular shell, the retina and the optic nerve proceed almost asymptomatic and are found at the stages when very little hope remains for complete healing. Therefore, the research of the Eye DNA plays a paramount role in preserving the vision of patients with many eye diseases.

In addition, diagnostic ophthalmoscopy is a prerequisite for many of the retina's retina. With this examination, you can determine the amount of retinal breaks and their localization, to detect the most overdigible places where it is possible to expect the further occurrence of the retina eye disease.

Vascular diseases of the retina. Eye bottom with diabetes and hypertensive disease

Vascular diseases of the retina most often associated with systemic diseases of the body, such as:

• hypertonic disease;
• stenosis of the carotid artery;
• diabetes;
• late toxicosis of pregnant women;
• severe renal failure;
• heavy anemia (anemia);
• states flowing with a change in blood composition and an increase in its viscosity and creating a threat to the embolism of the central artery of the retina.

According to statistical data, such pathology as hypertensive disease and diabetes becomes the most frequent causes of the disease of the vascular vascular diseases as hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Thus, such an eye disease as diabetic retinopathy often leads to full blindness in patients with diabetes mellitus. The fact is that the elevated level of sugar in the blood is extremely adversely affects the condition of small arteries (arterioles) and veins (Vullet). As a result, the nutrition of the tissues is disturbed, hemorrhages occur, which ultimately leads to irreversible changes in the retina of the eye and the disk of the optic nerve.

With hypertensive disease, changes in the eye days are often appearing earlier than pronounced symptoms from other organism systems. Therefore, ophthalmoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis of this pathology.

The earliest changes in the eye bottom in hypertension are functional in nature and consist in expanding the surveillance of Wesull and the narrowing of the diameter of the arteriole. With further progression of pathology, pronounced organic changes appear, such as the sclerosing arteriole, the appearance of small hemorrhages in the retina, the pallor of the optic nerve disk.

Clinically, the damage data is manifested as an eye disease characterized by a decrease in visual acuity, the appearance of pellets before the eyes, narrowing of fields of view, subjective complaints of the deterioration of the visual function.

Disease "Pershed Eyes"

Eyes on a clearing - is it always a disease? Diagnosis of the Basned Disease

The eyes of the hitch are one of the characteristic symptoms of the base disease (thyrotoxicosis). However, everyone knows that many absolutely healthy people have convex from nature.

Basedova disease has several titles - graves syndrome, diffuse toxic goiter, thyrotoxicosis. It should be noted that the term thyrotoxicosis translated means poisoning the body with hormones of the thyroid gland. These biologically active substances are performed in the body a leading role, regulating the energy exchange, so the change in their concentration causes systemic violations, many of which are easily detected at the first advisory inspection.

Medical tactics depends on both the expression of the symptom of "convex eyes" and on the activity of the autoimmune process. At the same time, there are no compulsory activities such as:

• to give up smoking ;
• protection of the cornea from drying out with the help of droplets "artificial tear";
• sleep with a bandage in the eyes (with a bad closure of the eyelids);
• protecting eyes from bright light (use of darkened glasses);
• medical correction of the concentration of thyroid hormones in the blood.

With a mild degree of endocrine ophthalmopathy, medical tactics are limited to the activities listed above. With moderate severity of the syndrome of the "punched eyes" during the active phase (expressed pain syndrome, the edema, redness of the conjunctiva) prescribe hormonal anti-inflammatory therapy and / or X-ray irradiation of the orbital zone.

As the clinical experience shows, with the endocrine ophthalmopathy of moderate gravity, a significant reduction of the symptoms of the eyes of the eye after an element of the activity of the autoimmune process is possible. If this did not happen, moderate ophthalmopathy during the period of the inactive phase is corrected by surgical path: operations on eyelids, eye muscles, decompression of the icing.

Heavy endocrine ophthalmopathy represents the threat of irrepustible loss of the view, therefore, in such cases, it is carried out operational decompression of orbits under the cover of pulse therapy with glucocorticoids (elevated doses of powerful anti-inflammatory agents, prescribed after short intervals).

What is an eye disease astigmatism? "Lazy eye." How to corrigate the function of the eye during astigmatism?

Astigmatism is an eye disease caused by a defect form of a lens, cornea or an erophic apple, when the patient loses the ability to clearly focus the eye. This kind of eye disease cannot be corrected by conventional spherical lenses and often remains unrecognized.

The symptoms of astigmatism, manifested in the early stages of the disease, are:

;
• reduction of visual acuity;
• rapid eye fatigue when working associated with visual overvoltage;
• headache;
• curvature, split objects in the vision field.

In cases where patients with astigmatism do not pay for medical care, chronic eye overwork leads to such complications as inflammatory diseases of the eye conjunctivation and squint.

With inadequate treatment of innate or arising in the early childhood of astigmatism, the lazy eye syndrome arises, which is characterized by a sharp poorly corrected decrease in the visual function.

In such cases, blindness is not connected with the anatomical defects of the structure of the organ of vision, but with a violation of the normal development of the central part of the visual analyzer, located in the occipital fraction of the cerebral cortex.

The treatment of astigmatism is the constant wearing of glasses with special astigmatic lenses. Achievements of modern optics make it possible to use contact lenses to correct.

Today, the newest methods of laser correction of vision during astigmatism are particularly popular. This technique consists in correcting a defect by changing the corneal curvature with a laser beam.

Dry eye disease (dry eye syndrome)

The dry eye syndrome is a combined disease of the conjunctiva and cornea (dry keratoconjunctivitis) caused by a decrease in the production of a tear liquid and a disruption of the stability of a tear film formed on the surface of the eyeball.

This eye disease in young people is relatively rare, but with age, the number of patients with dry eye syndrome increases significantly. In women, a climax becomes a shock to develop pathology.

The first symptoms of the eye disease with dry keratoconjunctivitis are:

• feeling of the foreign bodies over the centuries;
• burning and caring in the area of \u200b\u200beye conjunctiva;
• bad tolerability of smoke, wind, bright sunlight;
• increased eye fatigue.

In the future, there are signs of inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea (redness of the mucous membrane of the inner surface of the eyelids and the eyeball, light-friendly, tear), the surface of the conjunctiva and cornea are formed erosion, in difficult cases there may be such a hazardous complication as a corneal ulcer.

The diagnosis of such an eye illness as a dry eye is installed using special samples intended for evaluating tear-products and stability of the tear film.

Since the mechanism of development of pathology in dry eye syndrome is still not fully understood, exceptionally symptomatic treatment (therapy aimed at eliminating signs of illness).

Patients prescribe a drop of "artificial tear", which can be used from 3 to 8 times a day. In the presence of an allergic component, desensitizing drops (lexiline) are used. In the event of damage to the cornea, appropriate treatment (taugon) is prescribed.

In severe cases, they resort to surgical intervention (blocking the rosal canal, along which the tear liquid "runs away" from the eye).

Different eyes are a disease (there is a different color of the eye iris)? If so, how is the disease of different eyes?

Different color of the eye in the language of science is called heterochromia. This phenomenon is not uncommon in the world of animals. So, for example, among Angora cats, individuals with different eyes (blue and amber, blue and green, etc.) are often found. Such an innate feature is more often found in animals of light color and is inherited.

People heterochromia can have both congenital and acquired character. Congenital heterochromia is not an eye disease. Many children born with eyes of different color are absolutely healthy.

Previously, people with different eyes were treated with great suspicion (it was believed that Satan had eyes of different colors). And today there are still superstitious citizens, confident that the eyes of different colors can be smoothed. However, this prejudice does not have any real soil - the different color of the eye iris in no way affects the mental state of the person and does not award any special abilities.

Sometimes heterochromia can be one of the signs of severe congenital anomalies. Such, for example, like congenital hearing loss in Vaardenburg syndrome. But in such cases, patients have other deviations visible, in particular, the appearance of patients with Vaardenburg syndrome is very specific (displacement of the inner corner of the eye, a wide back of the nose, which has grown eyebrows, a gray strand on the forehead).

Acquired heterochromia, as a rule, is a sign of pathology. The fact is that the eye color is due to the deposition of melanin in the iris, and some pathological processes can contribute to hypo-or hyperpigmentation.

So, for example, the increased deposition of melanin in the iris one of the eyes can be caused by a tumor, and a decrease in the damage to the nerve that stimulates the process of formation of melanin (GNERN syndrome).

Before use, you must consult with a specialist.