Women's second world. Uniform Division SS
At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, I cut the uniform and the way of its wearing was determined by order No. 176 of December 3, 1935. For generals, there were three types of uniforms: a casual, weekend and main. For officers and soldiers also had three types of uniforms: Casual, guard and weekend. Each type of uniform had two options: summer and winter.
In the period from 1935 to 1941, numerous minor changes were made in uniform. The field uniform of the 1935 sample was made from the matter of various shades of protective color. The main distinctive element of the uniform was a gymnaster, which in his own way resembled Russian peasant shirt. Circling gymnasters for soldiers and officers was the same. The valve of the breast pocket on the officer gymnaster had a complex shape with a protrusion in the form of a Latin letter "V". The soldier valve often had a rectangular shape. The lower part of the gate of the gymnisters from the officers had a triangular reinforcing stripe, and the soldier had a rectangular shape. In addition, the soldiers' gymnasters had reinforcing rhombic shape stripes on the elbows and the rear surface of the forearm. The officer gymnaster, in contrast to the soldiers, had color edging. After the start of hostilities from color edging refused.
There were two types of gymnasters: summer and winter. Summer uniform sewed from cotton fabric, which was bright. Winter uniform sewed from woolen fabric, which was distinguished by more rich, dark color. The officers were rejected by a wide leather belt with a brass buckle, decorated with a five-pointed star. The soldiers wore a simpler belt with the usual open buckle. In the field conditions, soldiers and officers could wear two types of gymnasters: everyday and output. The output gymnaster was often called Frenc. Some soldiers who served in elite parts were a special cut gymnisters, distinguished by a colored strip walking along the gate. However, such gymnasters met infrequently.
The second major element of the uniform, both soldiers and officers were sharovars, also called Halifa. Soldier's sharovari had a rhombic form reinforcing stripes on the knees. As shoes, the officers wore high leather boots, and the soldiers wore shoes with windings or kizzy boots. In winter, the officers and soldiers wore a sinsel from a brownish gray cloth. Officer Schinels were better quality than soldiers, but had the same cut. In the Red Army, several types of hats were used. Most parts wore Budenovki that had a winter and summer version. However, Summer Budenovka was universally supplanted by the pilot introduced in the late 1930s. Officers in the summer instead of Budenovo preferred to wear caps. In parts deployed in Central Asia and the Far East, instead of the pilots were widespread Panama.
In 1936, the helmet of a new sample began to come to equip the Red Army (created on the basis of French Kaski Adrian). In 1940, noticeable changes made in the design of the helmets. The new helmet of the 1940 helmet widespread the sample helmet in 1936, but the old helmet was still widely used in the first year of war. Many Soviet officers recall that the Red Armyians did not like to wear a helmet, considering that helm wear only cowards. The officers wore caps everywhere, the cap was an attribute of officers. Tankists wore a special helmet made of leather or tarpaulin. In the summer, we used a lighter version of the helmet, and in the winter they put on a helmet with a fur lining.
Equipment of Soviet soldiers was strict and simple. In some parts, a brown leather sample backpack was still used, however, such backpacks in 1941 met infrequently. There was a more common driving storm in 1938. The base of the storm was a rectangle of 30x10 cm. The height of the storm is 30 cm. There was two pockets on the storm. Inside the storm soldiers wore a port, a cloak, and the pockets were located in the pockets to the rifle and personal hygiene items. Below to the stool tied poles, pegs and other fixtures to install tents. From above and on the sides on the stool were naked loops to which the rut was attached. The adjode was wore on the belt, under the stub. The dimensions of the 18x24x10 cm. In the prmodiuska, the soldiers wore dry lads, a bowler and a cutlery. Aluminum bowler had a tightly closing cover, which knocked the knob. In some parts, the soldiers used the old round kitel with a diameter of 15 cm and a depth of 10 cm. However, the distribution and storage of the 1938 sample was quite expensive in production, so their release was discontinued at the end of 1941.
Each Red Ararter had a gas mask and a gas mask bag. After the beginning of the war, many soldiers threw gas masks and used gas mask bags as a storage, since real storms were not all. According to the charter, every soldier armed with a rifle should have had two leather cartridge bags. In the bag it was possible to store four clips for the rifle of the MOSIAN system - 20 cartridges. The cartridge bags were worn on the belt, one on the side. The charters envisaged the possibility of carrying a large cloth cartridge bag, which accommodate six subsidiaries - 30 ammunition. In addition, the Red Army team could use a cloth cartridge wearable over his shoulder. In the department of the cartridge, it was possible to put 14 rifle rifle. Granite bag contained two grenades with a handle. However, very few soldiers were equipped according to the Charter. Most often, the redarmeys had to be content with one leather cartridge bag, which was usually worn on the right side. Some soldiers received small sapper blades in the petchat case. The blade was worn on the right thigh. If the red army had a flask, it wore it on a belt belt over the spernoy blade.
During bad weather, the soldiers used a cloak tent. The tent cloak was made from the tarpaulin of the protective color and had a ribbon, with which it was possible to fasten the cloak tent on the shoulders. The tent cloak could be connected two, four or six and thus obtain awnings under which several people could hide. If the soldier had a model of a sample of 1938, then a roller consisting of a cloak tent and sinels was attached on the sides and over the bag, in the form of a horseshoe. If there was no storm, then the rope was wore over the shoulder.
The officers used a small bag that was made of or from the tarpaulin. There were several types of such bags, some of them were worn over her shoulder, some were suspended to the belt belt. From above, the bag was located a small tablet. Some officers wore large leather tablets that were suspended on the waist belt under the left hand.
There were also several types of specialized uniforms. In winter, tankers wore black overalls and black leather jackets (sometimes a black leather pants included with a jacket). Mountain arrows wore a black jumpsuit of a special cut and special mountain boots. Cavalrymen, and first of all the Cossacks, instead of the uniform wearing traditional clothes. Cavalry was the most distress of the RKKA troops, since a large number of Cossacks and representatives of the nationalities of Central Asia served in the cavalry. Many cavalry parts used a standard uniform, but even in such parts it was often the objects of the Cossack uniforms. Before the war, Cossack troops were not popular, since many Cossacks did not support the Bolsheviks during the Civil War and went to serve in the White Army. However, in the 1930s, the shelves of the Don, Kuban and Terek Cossacks were formed. The personnel of these regiments was uniform with a uniform with a large number of details of the traditional Cossack costume. The field uniform of the Cossacks during the Great Patriotic War was a combination of subjects of the uniform of the 1930s, pre-revolutionary Cossack uniforms and uniforms of 1941/43.
Traditionally, the Cossacks are divided into two groups: steppe and caucasian. The uniform of these two groups differed significantly among themselves. If the steppe (Donskie) Cossacks have grown to traditional military uniform, then Caucasians dressed more colorful. All Cossacks wore high dads or lower kebanks. In the field Caucasian Cossacks wore dark blue or black Beshmy (shirts). Paradinary Beshmets were red for the Kuban Cossacks and Light blue - for the Cossacks of TERS. On top of Beshmet, the Cossacks wore a black or dark blue Cherkess. In the chest of the Circassians were called Gazei. In winter, the Cossacks wore a black fur burku. Many Cossacks wore bumps of different colors. The bottom of Kubanka was tightened by matter: the Terek Cossacks are light blue, and the Kuban Cossacks are red. Two bands were crucified on the matter - gold from officers and black in ordinary. It should be borne in mind that many soldiers recruited from the southern regions of Russia continued to carry Kubank instead of the rules laid according to the Charter, even if they did not serve in cavalry. Another distinctive feature of the Cossacks were the dark blue Halifa.
In the early years of war, the Soviet industry lost significant production facilities in the territory occupied by the Germans. However, most of the equipment still managed to take to the east and organize new industrial enterprises in the Urals. This decline made the Soviet command to significantly simplify the uniforms and equipment of the soldiers. In the winter of 1941/42, a more convenient winter uniform was used for the first time. When creating this uniform, the sad experience of the Finnish campaign was taken into account. The Red Army women got tag races, cotton hairs and hassle caps on synthetic fur. The officers issued sheep wipers or fur coats. Higher officers instead of the ruins wore dads. The troops fought on the northern section of the front (north of Leningrad) were unified into a special northern uniform. Instead of sheep coats, some parts were used by Cotonic Sakui. As shoes, the soldiers wore special boots on the dog fur or with a woolen lining. Ushanki for soldiers who fought in the north were made from real fur - dogs or foxes.
However, many parts have not received a special winter uniform and redarmeys of frozley in standard chinelles, insulated things requiring the civilian population. In general, for the Red Army, the widespread use of civilian clothing was characterized, it was especially clearly visible in the winter. So, in winter, many red-Armenians wore boots. But it was not possible to get the boots not all, so even in winter, most of the personnel of the Red Army continued to wear Kizzi. The only dignity of the Kizzov boot was that they were free enough so that they could be insulated with additional ports and newspapers turning shoes in winter boots. Soviet soldiers did not wear socks - only portites. Socks were too big luxury to wear them in free boots. But the officers, if they managed to get a couple of socks, did not refuse themselves to wear them. Some parts were lucky more - the personnel of these parts received boots with galoshes, which was especially by the way in the autumn and spring dismotence. In 1942, the Red Armyians were pretty Pestro uniformed. Tankists wore black, gray, blue or protective color overalls. In the manufacture of uniforms, synthetic leather and rubber were widely used. Cartridge bags sewed from tarpaulin or tarpaulin subjected to impregnation. Leather belts were repaired by tarpaulin everywhere.
Instead of blankets, red-Armenians used overcoats and cinema tents. In addition, the rolling of a sheer or a cloak-tent successfully replaced the soldiers of the stuff - things rushed inside. To correct the situation, a new storm was introduced, similar to the one that was used in the royal army during the 1st World War. This stool was a tarpaulin bag with a neck intercepted with a cord and two shoulder straps. In 1942, objects of uniforms from the United States and Canada began to enter the Soviet Union. Although most of the uniform coming from America was manufactured in the Soviet examples, and American uniforms came across. For example, the United States put 13 thousand pairs of leather boots and one million pairs of soldiers' shoes in the USSR, and there were overalls for Soviet tankers in Canada.
Uniforms for women who served in the Red Army was determined by several documents. Before the war, the distinctive details of the women's day off and the parade uniform were the dark blue skirt and takes. During the war, the order of uniforms of women secured orders, published in May and August 1942. Orders retained wearing skirts and beret. In the field conditions, these uniform items were made of protective color from fabric, and the output form of clothing was covered with a blue skirt and takes. The same orders largely unified female uniform with male. In practice, many women servicemen, especially those acting on the front, wore a male uniform. In addition, women often changed many uniform items for themselves using uniforms for this.
The experience of fighting in Finland showed the need to have a white camouflage jumpsuit in the troops. Such a jumpsuit appeared in 1941. There were several types of winter overalls, as a rule, they consisted of pants and jackets with a hood. In addition, there were many camouflage summer overalls on the equipment of the ports of the Red Army. Such overalls, as a rule, received scouts, sappers, mountain arrows and snipers. The overalls had baggy cut and made from the matter of protective color with black stains of the rounded form. From the photodocuments it is known that the redarmeys also used the camouflage overalls, which were with green outside, and inside white. It is not clear how widely the overalls were common. For snipers, a special camouflage was developed. For the overalls of protective color, a large number of narrow strips of matter, imitated grass, was common. However, such overalls were not widespread.
In 1943, the Red Army adopted a new uniform, radically distinguished from the used so far. The system of differences signs of differences was equally changed. New uniforms and signs of differences largely repeated the uniform and signs of the distinction of the royal army. The new rules canceled the separation of the uniforms on the daily, weekend and the parade, since in conditions of military time in the weekend and the parade uniform there was no need. Details of the parade uniform were used in uniforms of special-purpose parts that have carrying the guard service, as well as in the officer's uniform. In addition, officers retained clothes output.
Order No. 25 of January 15, 1943 for soldiers and officers, a gymnaster of a new sample was introduced. The new gymnaster was very much like that was used in the royal army and had a rack collar, fastened for two buttons. The soldier on the gymnaster was not pockets, whereas the officer gymnaster had two breast pockets. Cut the sharovar has not changed. But the main distinguishing feature of the new uniform was the epaulets. Two types of pursuit were envisaged: Field and Casual. Field epaulets were made of protective color fabric. From three sides, the shoulder shoulder pursuit of the color of the sort of troops. There were no Cant on officers, and belonging to the nature of the troops could be determined by the color of the lumen. Senior officers (from Major before Colonel) on the pursuit were two lumes, and in junior officers (from the younger lieutenant to Captain) - one by one. Medikov, veterinarians and unprofitations have a red color with a brownish tint. In addition, a small golden or silver badge, designating the bodies of troops, was carried on the chains near the buttons. The color of the emblem depended on the genus of troops. Shareers of Marshals and generals were wider than the officer, and epaulets of militaryorm workers, lawyers, etc. - On the contrary, narrower.
Officers wore a cap with a black leather chore belt. The color of the chain in the cap depended on the kind of troops. Tula The cap was usually a protective color, but in the troops of the NKVD, caps were often used with light blue tullee, tankers wore gray caps, and the Don Cossacks were gray-blue. The same order №25 determined the type of winter headdress for officers. The generals and colonels had to wear dads (introduced back in 1940), while the rest of the officers received ordinary ruins.
The rank of sergeants and foreman was determined by the number and width of the skirts on the shoulder. Usually the skies were red, only the physicians and veterinarians had a brownish tint. The elders wore a skip on the shape of the letter "T". The senior sergeants on the shoulder had one wide skirt. Sergeants, younger sergeants and efreitors had three, two or one narrow skid, respectively. Edging the pursuit was the colors of the order of troops. The emblem of the genus of troops according to the charter was put on to wear on the inside of the pursuit, but in practice the soldiers such emblems were worn very rarely.
In March 1944, a new uniforms for marine infantry was adopted, which was more convenient for use on land. Since the Soviet Navy most part of the war about the ports, many sailors participated in the battles on land. Especially widespread marine infantry was used in the defense of Leningrad and in the Crimea. However, during the war, marines were a standard marine uniform, supplemented by some objects of the land field uniform. The last order regarding the uniform was published in April 1945. This order was introduced a parade form of clothing, for the first time soldiers she was put on the Victory Parade on the Red Square on June 24, 1945.
Separately it would be worth disassembling the colors of the birth of troops in the Red Army. The kind of troops and services were designated color of edging and signs of differences. The color of the field of the pettiz showed belonging to the nature of the troops, in addition, a small icon in the pettice spoke about the accessories for a certain kind of troops. The officers wore embroidered or enameled icons, while the soldiers used the color of the edging. Sergeants the loovers had edging of the color of the order of the troops, and the narrow red strip, passing through the loop, was distinguished from the soldiers. Officers wore caps with edging, while soldiers used pilots. Kanti on uniforms were also colors of the kind of troops. Belonging to the nature of the troops was determined not by one by any color, but a combination of colors on different parts of the uniform.
Commissioners held a special position in the army. Commissioners were in each part from the battalion and higher. In 1937, in each unit (company, platoon), the position of Politruck was introduced - the younger political officer. The signs of the difference from the Commissioners as a whole were similar to the signs of the differences of officers, but had their own characteristics. Instead of chevrons on the sleeve, the Commissioners wore a red star. The commissioners, the edging of the pettiz was black, regardless of the kind of troops, while the political officers the edging of the loop was color.
Sources:
1. Lipatov P., "Uniform of the Red Army and Wehrmacht", Youth Technique, 1996;
2. Shunkov V., "Red Army", AST, 2003;
3. Shalito A., Savchenkov I., Roginsky N., Chickchenkov K., "Uniform of the Red Army 1918-1945", 2001.
In 1943, a new uniform was adopted in the Red Army. The new gymnastrock was very much like that was used in the royal army and had a rack collar, fastening two buttons. The main distinguishing feature of the new uniform has become epaulets. Two types of pursuit were envisaged: Field and Casual. Field epaulets were made of protective color fabric. On the chains near the buttons wearing a small gold or silver badge, designating the bodies of troops. The officers wore a fodder with a black leather chipper. The color of the chain in the cap depended on the kind of troops. In winter, the generals and colonels of the Red Army were supposed to wear dads, and the rest of the officers received ordinary ruins.
And now more thorough:
Back in the summer months of 1941, preparation was deployed to ensure the personnel of the Red Army with warm things for the winter. The main warm things, first of all, fur coats and boots were sought for at various warehouses of pre-war storage, gathered as the assistance of the army from the population, were made by an impact pace with the tolerances towards simplification and cheaper. As a result, the existing army was completely satisfied with warm things. What led to some diversity in color and the main form in the winter of 1941/1942.
File Air Force 1943-45, Senior Sergeant, Don Cavalry Parts 1943
By the way, the German industry could not provide his army in winter outfit, and it is not necessary to say that Blitzkrieg, the seizure of Moscow was expected before the winter, it was clear that Bluzkrieg was not smelled. Yes, and the capture of Moscow did not mean the end of the war, they walked in the tropics, so somewhere German trips were launched, so on time in winter fighting, the losses of the Wehrmacht from frostbite exceeded the number of combat losses.
The composition of the rear parts and institutions, motor vehicles of combat connections, as well as the chauffs of all kinds of troops, instead of overcoats, began to produce a double-breasted cotton jacket. A large stress with the provision of broad property was due to a decline in the production of light industry products, some enterprises of which has not yet established production in evacuation, and the remaining on the ground have experienced difficulties with raw materials, energy and workforce. For lovers to argue whose shape or whose tanks and airplanes are the best and so on, the answer is simple.
The transformation of a very large number of defense enterprises for the Urals, and their launch on the technological cycle in such a short time. It has no analogues in history, simply in such volumes and for such distances, no one and never industry has moved, and it will hardly perk in the future, the largest industrial migration. So only for this feat, it is necessary to build a huge, premium monument. By the way, the German industry was completely translated into military rails only in 1943, and before that only 25% went to military needs from general indicators.
For the same reason, the project prepared for May 1942 was postponed on the introduction of new signs of difference, which assumed October 1, 1942 to provide the whole red army with the shoulders.
Sea aviation pilot 1943-45, tanker Winter form 1942-44g.G.
And only in 1943, the order of January 15 of the People's Commissar of Defense I. Stalin No. 25 "On the introduction of new signs of distinction and changes in the form of the Red Army" introduced new signs of differences, the military form of the Soviet Red Army 1943-1945, but also The order of the change itself.
Order:
Establishing the wearing of the shoulder: field-servicemen in the current army and the personnel of parts prepared for sending to the front, everyday - military personnel of the rest of the units and institutions of the Red Army, as well as when wearing the parade form of clothing.
The whole composition of the Red Army, go to new signs of differences - epaulets from February 1 to February 15, 1943.
Make changes to the form of clothing of personnel of the Red Army as described.
Enter the "Rules of wearing the shape of clothing by the personnel of the Red Army."
Allow the desisted of the existing form of clothing with new signs of differences to continue to the next issuance of uniforms, according to the current periods and regulations of the supply.
Commanders of parts and chiefs of garrisons strictly monitor compliance with the form of clothing and the right wearing of new signs of differences.
People's Commissar Defense I. Stalin.
And how many small changes and nuances, then followed, with the introduction of a new form, take such a gymnasther. For the gymnastrock of an existing sample, the following changes are introduced: the collars of gymnasters of all samples instead of the postponed - standing, soft fastening through the front loops on the front of the two shaped buttons of small size. Shoulders are fastened with the shoulders of the installed sample. Hanging signs from gymnasters are canceled.
Red Army Infantryman and Lieutenant 1943-45.
Infantryman of the Red Army in the second half of the war. M1940 Helmet Olive-Green, 1943 Gymnastrog has a standing collar, without breast pockets, on the left medal for the "defense of Stalingrad" was established on December 22, 1942. The difference in the shade between elements of clothing does not matter; Tolerances in production and a large number of manufacturers enterprises led to a wide range of khaki color, or as it is called protective color. Flashing with glass design, bags for grenade F-1 and PPS-41 drum store. On the back simple x / b backpack or a douse bag.
Lieutenant. The cap has a raspberry kant, like the gymnast cuffs. Gymnastrock of 1943 Internal pockets with valves, still bearing blue breeches. With two teeth, the belt buckle was led in 1943, in Kobura Tokarev or TT, behind the rocket belt.
Red Army. Standard field form of infantryman 1943
The gymnasters of the superior composition instead of the invoices of pockets have slit (internal) pockets covered with valves. Gymnasters for ordinary and sergeant composition - without pockets. On August 5, 1944, breastplate pockets were introduced on gymnasters of the women of ordinary and sergeant composition.
Red Army, a form of medical staff 1943
Most medical personnel were women. Dark blue berets and skirts were part of the front-end shape for the Red Army with pre-war days, in May and August 1942, khaki colors were appointed, but most women used a standard male shape, or wore mixed clothes that was more convenient.
76 women were awarded the title, "Hero of the Soviet Union", many of them posthumously. From September 16, 1944, sergeants and redarmeys were also officially allowed to have breastplate pockets, but only in case of receiving an unsuitable officer uniform after bringing it in order.
Major General Ground Forces 1943-44.
Combinations of shapes from different time periods were very common during the war. Gymnastrock of 1935, a folding gate, but sewed straps, with lace weaves hand-embroidered khaki color and silver stars. The khaki wrathua colors - all the officer ranks in the second half of the war were widely used. Commander bag of this type comes on Land Liza.
Military form of the Soviet Red Army 1943-1945
Camouflage clothes.
Camouflage clothing, Red Army 1943-1945
A large number of different masters of camouflage were produced during the war, and used mainly snipers, scouts, as well as for mountainous troops. Camouflages are made free, whatever you can wear on top of any combination of uniforms and equipment, with large hoods, for cleaning helmets.
From left to right. The most common camouflage consists of two parts, but there were whole overalls. Colors have a variety, brown, black or dark green stain on a pale green olive background. Further, the simplest camouflage form: garlands of grass, body wrapping, equipment and weapons to break the image of their visual structure.
Script. By the end of the war, an alternative type of costume was produced - although not in the same quantities. It was olive green, with a large number of small loops over the entire surface on which herb beams were mounted. And the latter type of robe was used by the troops during the Winter War with Finland in 1939-40. And much more widely during the Great Patriotic War.
Some photos of that time can be seen that some combs were reversible, but it is not clear when it was introduced and how widely used.
Scout RKKKA, 1944-45 g.
This camouflage suit, produced during the Great Patriotic War, first appeared in 1944, and it seems, and was not very widespread. The complexity of the pattern: more pale background, sawdust type "seaweed" and splasing large brown spots to destroy the image. Scout is armed with a PPS-43 submachine gun, the best gun-machine gun of the Second World War, the German MP-40 and nearly not lying around. PPS-43 is easier and cheaper than PPSh-41, which to some extent began to replace the last two-year-old war. The boxed store was much more convenient and easier than a complex round drum of PPS. Three spare stores in a simple bag with a valve on wooden buttons. Knife model 1940, helmet model 1940g; Loaded lend lesov boots.
Junior lieutenant rifle parts, winter form, 1944
A fur coat or a fur coat, from the sheepskin was a popular item of winter clothes, produced both in civil and military execution. Depending on the length, used both in infantry and in the mechanized parts.
Captain of the border troops of the NKVD, the parade uniform of 1945.
Officer's front cuitel, double-breasted, fitted skirt. He was introduced in 1943. The version of the border troops was distinguished from other NKVD troops, only the green Cant and the color of the fool's tuli, the color of the collar and cuffs. On the chest "Order of the Red Banner", established in August 1924; Medals "for military merit" and "For the victory over Germany."
On the forage of the cokard made of gold-plated metal, V-ways a manual embroidery sign. Blue Cant on the collar and cuffs. At the chest medal for "for the defense of Moscow", established on May 1, 1944.
Lieutenant General, 1945 Parade Uniform.
Marshals and generals, front-line commanders and compounds who took part in the parade, in honor of the victory over Germany, in Moscow on June 24, 1945.
The form of clothing introduced in 1943, but was not issued until the end of the war.
Sergeant. Head uniform 1945.
Unidir with a standing collar with loops, a flap in the rear skirt, scarlet karts on the collar, cuffs and closures of pockets. The form was tailored to everyone according to individual standards, more than 250 major general forms of a new sample were sewn, and in total in the factories, in the workshops and the student of the capital, more than 10 thousand sets of various uniforms were produced for the parade participants. In the hands of the German infantry battalion. On the right side of the chest of the Order of the Red Star and "Patriotic War", above the sign "Guard". On the left breast, the Golden Star "Hero of the Soviet Union", and a block of awards. At the parade, participants were presented all fronts and fleets, participants should be awarded orders and medals. That is, the parade took part, real selected front-line.
After passing with lowered banners and standards of Germany, they were burned along with the dyshill, the gloves of the banners and the standards were also burned and the gloves.
In February 1946, the People's Commissariat of Defense and the Navy were merged and transformed into a single Ministry of the Armed Forces of the USSR, and the Armed Forces themselves found new names: "Soviet Army" and "Naval Forces".
Since 1946, the work on new form samples begins.
You can also order straps of the Second World War.
The History of the SS (Schutz Staffeln - Security Details) begins in the early 1920s, when the SA (sturmabteilungen - assault battalions) has been formed by the group of bodyguards Adolf Hitler.
By 1929, the SS counted less than 300 people, but by 1933 up to 30,000 people were rummaged. Security detachments, who were under the command of Heinrich Himmler, were three gendarmerie battalions. It was the forces of SS Hitler who managed to become a single leader of the NSDAP during the "Night of Long Knives" on June 30, 1934 ...
By the beginning of World War II, in 1939, the SS had just a few few armed detachments - SS-VERFUEGUNGSTRUPPE.
The military belonged to the SS with suspicion, seeing in them a kind of gendarmes, who are not able to lead a regular battle.
The first experience of war in France and then in Soviet Union changed this attitude. In several stages, SS-VerfuegungStrupp have been organized into a structure that has become known as Waffen-SS.
By the end of 1943, the SS troops numbered several tempered in the battles of mechanized and tank divisions. Unlike the first years, when the arms of the SS troops received outdated or trophy samples, now WaffeN-SS had the highest priority, receiving the most modern German military equipment and weapons.
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In the "nonsense" parts of the SS, which were formed at the end of the war, the prefix SS was changed to the WAFFEN prefix. For example, Hungary, who was awarded to hold the post of captain, was called WaffEn-hauptsturmfuehrer. If not a regular division was formed, but a foreign legion, then the prefix changed to Legion and sounded like a LEGION-HAUPTSTURMFUEHRER.
These modifications of the ranks were explained. that Henry Himmler was seriously passionate about the theory of racial superiority, so I did not want the neo-anarchians to carry SC sacral runes. For foreigners, the loops of a special sample were also relied, without runes.
ONTER-Officers, starting with Rottenfürera SS, was carried on the sleeve chevron made of aluminum or gray silk galun (Tress), wounded along a triangular black base. The Runic Right Buttercup was a rhombic piece of oil linked, covered with black felt. In the black field, the runes SS were embroidered.
Shoulder epaulets of the SS troops as a whole copied army.
For officers, the SS troops were provided with a cap with a black and tulle of the main color, along the top seam of the Tuli and the top and the bottom of the near the slic of the color of the color of the troops.
In addition to the cotton or woolen underwear, the sieves wore gray wool shoes, designed in such a way as to maintain heat and ensure the greatest freedom of movement.
Pants and pants were not only practical, but also elegant enough. Both of these subjects uniform Sili from woolen matters with the addition of artificial fiber (viscose), which extended the service life of things.
Although in the field conditions, the SSEs was wore various hats, until 1943, the most popular was a pilot (Feldmutze), very similar to the pilots used in the many armies of the world. In 1943, entered the soft clinch (ephetsfeldmutze), which only the mountain arrows were worn. The kepins turned out to be much more practical than the pilot, as she defended his eyes from the rain and from the sun.
There was a tropical version of the nipper, trousers and a headdress, sewished from lightweight fabric, and although the MOS troops were not sent to North Africa, tropical uniform Clothes were widely used in summer on the southern sector of the Eastern Front.
However, even such chinels turned out to be "weak" against the harsh Russian frosts, so in the fall of 1942 the SSEsovtsy got fat, with a warm lining of the park with a hood. The hood had a lace, which, together with the waist belt, defended the soldiers from the penetrating wind.
The basis for the equipment was a U--shaped spoil, the black leather belts of which were chestted by the shoulders and there - at the level of the blades - they were connected together with the help of a metal ring.
During the marches, the SSEsovtsy put on additional straps attached using the buttons at the level of the clavicle to the front belts of the tissue, which were armpits and connected with D-shaped rings on the back of the tissue.
The pot in the marching position was attached to the back of the ward, and the camouflage, a blanket and a sinel in a rope were wrapped around the wreck. It turned out a rather cumbersome structure, which was completely impossible to carry on the back during the battle.
At first, the shovel had a straight blade, in the future introduced a reservoir of a new sample with a triangular blade, allowed to use the blade as a cold weapon.
To balance the shovel, a large tarpaulin bag for bread suspended right to the belt. In addition to solder in this bag, the soldiers kept the cap and other small things that were not included in the satellite.
The Siemovtsy began war, having standard high black German military boots on the legs (Marschstiefel), the SS officers also wore high cavalry boots (Reitstiefel).
In the future, more comfortable shoe shoes appeared (Schnurschuhe), similar to those that had already used the mountain arrows. Typically, the shoes were worn with canvas heter. High boots gave support ankles and allowed the soldiers to move freely around the rough terrain without fears to dislocate the leg.
At the very beginning of the war, in September 1939, the personnel of most parts of the SS wore loose blouses worn through the head on top of the main nurse. Blouses were made of cotton fabric with additive artificial fibers (viscose).
In the first blouses, there were two cuts on the chest, which allowed the soldiers to use the breast pockets of the nurse, but soon it turned out that it was still impossible to use the pockets, so the cuts soon removed.
Because such a complex color of the fabric has never been performed, the formulation of dyes and coloring equipment developed specifically. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The original is taken by W. hhhhhhhhl in men's style. Army form of the Second World War.
No style - no person. Vesilie - a terrible Russian Beach. I do not know who invented the American military uniform during World War II, but it was a cool form. In it, every soldier looked the winner.
When they settled in Normandy, they were nice to look at them. Watch the chronicle: I myself want to be an American soldier. A simple round helmet with a chatting fastener, comfortable pants with stilk pockets, a gymnaster, similar to a spacious blouse, a beautiful machine gun, and shoes - what boots! In such boots and dying is not scary.
The Americans then scored all the style of all: and too decorative English, and the most aggressive fascists, and our soldiers with medals on all breasts. Americans and cowboy were stylish, in their cowboat and hats, and soldiers were almost from Haute Couture.
From World War II, more than half a century passed, and we did not change in the sense of style stately. We look at the Chechen chronicle of the 1990s and you understand: the Russians there could not defeat at least because they did not look convincingly. Chechens knew how to tie their Muslim gang on her forehead, and weapons were worn beautifully. And the Russian army is one stylistic misunderstanding. Especially command. Puzzled, clumsy. Some kind of space. If someone in glasses, then points are unthinkable, ugly.
I'm not talking about the police. Post-hiking faces. God shelma metitis. From them only to write cartoons.
And the government elite! The costumes were put on, and the eyes were not changed - they flashed with begging eyes. We have all corruption - derived from these eyes. Theft is a sign of oscillation. Or the intelligentsia: about Joyce Borges reason, and they are dressed, combed ... gap between form and content? But I do not believe in shapeless content. Money is missing? Yes, is it in money! American cowboy was also a poor man. And everyone is surprised, why the Russians in the West "do not pass" why after a brief fashion for Russia all turned away from us. Yes, because we look unattractive. Both Russian politicians and Russian tourists are quirky on laughter. Who beetween who - disguise, but the essence is the same - the Vessel.
Lack of style swallows insecurity and aggressiveness. There is no Russian style now, and this is a catastrophe. We did not save us from the hares with all their "cranberries", or patriots in space, nor domestic cinema. We are not Romanians and not even Ukrainians: we lost all our folk rituals. Return to them - no strength, and no need. Pre-revolutionary great-grandfather and great-grandmothers, we left nothing to the inheritance, except for one or two silver spoons.
Come up with an air style - impossible. Russian man - with a rare exception - does not know how to "sell". It always has "not that."
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the time of the stylistic rupture came. The new generation has already felt the taste and strength of style, and it breaks away. The first generation of stylisticly concerned Russians. Receiving buzz from style. Included in style. This is the path of the Russian person to yourself.
Victor Erofeev "Men"
I read this book a few years ago, or rather in 2005. I wrote a lot about Erofeev, from the morning erection to Schnitka, but this little chapter I remember me. As far as accurate, especially about cops and politicians, that every day before your eyes - one on the road, others on the TV screen.
On the modern military uniform without tears you will not see. Only sailors are a mansion. New technologies and materials - explained Putin Generals during a demonstration of samples of uniforms for the army developed by our, and I don't know how well, let it be a couture. The stand-up collar on the jackets is a huge, in which the neck of the recruit as a pencil in a glass, the kepins of these cylindrical shape, who first came up with, would be forced to climb on the head, let it go through Moscow, the caps of the crazy size, the military themselves call them airfields, and what Love for camouflage. Spade the citys are roaming in the city, as if only from the forest belt, all on them is shapeless, some kind of useful creatures. And although the soldiers of the Soviet Army of the Second World War had a scarce uniform: Gymnastrog, Galifa, Shinel, and a Muck, if lucky, but they looked courageously. And what kind of silhouette was, especially from officers after the 1943 reform, even on the chronicle of Black and white, not to mention the reconstruction of the uniform of the Great Patriotic War for modern parades.
So I wanted to deepen the topic of the military form of World War II. In addition, I personally are not so famous to the Chronicle of the Allies. Other military operations. Even another war, for example, in the colonies, which only only on the film "Thin Red Line" Terrence Malika.
But for us the main thing - the East Evrapie front.
US army.
The uniform of the US Army is most thought out and convenient during World War II. It was she who asked the army fashion with all the post-war form. Even in our famous Afghan - the form of the 1988 sample, the features of American uniforms of the Second World War are traced.
This junior US Army Commander is dressed in a standard field shape and is equipped with a full calculation. On top of the wool shirt hacks, he carries a light field jacket; He has hack pants with linen heter of the same color and low brown boots. Initially field infantry infantry was a jumpsuit from the twill color of the khaki light shade, but soon a wool shirt and pants came to a change. Sandy color The waterproof jacket had zipper, as well as six or seven (depending on the length) of buttons ahead and sideways cutting pockets on the sides.
On the right sleeve, the stripes denoting the title are visible, and on the left - the American flag (Americans, taking into account the tense relations between England and France, took measures to ensure that the French who lived in North Africa did not take their soldiers for the British).
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1 2 3 4
1. Private Infantry Division of the 1st Army June 6, 1944
2. Private 3rd Infantry Division January 1944 Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
3. Sergeant of the 4th grade 101th Airborne Division June 1944
4. Private 101th Airborne Division November 1944
5
6 7
8
5. Private 1st Infantry Division April 1945
6. Lieutenant Air Force 1945
7. Captain Air Force 1944 Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
8. Technician-sergeant of the 2nd Class of the Air Force of 1945
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United Kingdom Army.
The first detachment Commandos of the Royal Marine Corps was formed on February 14, 1942, when the headquarters of marine landing operations decided to gain volunteers from the Royal Marine Division to create a drum group of special purpose. This fighter of the 40th detachment of the 2nd Brigade Commandos Commandos of the Royal Marine Infantry is dressed in a sarce field shape of the khaki color with a belt and sample peks of 1937; On his legs, he has boots with heter. On the helmet camping grid. Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
The royal marines originally wore the daily army uniforms of the khaki color, but after the start of the war began to wear a standard field shape. The only distinguishing sign was the straight red-blue shoe stripe with the heading "Royal Marine" (Royal Maritime Infantry). Royal Commandos wore a field shape with straight wounded blue shoe stripes with the inscription "Royal Maritime Infantry", the detachment number and the red inscription "Commando". Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
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2
3
4
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1. An ordinary Eastern Yorkshire Regiment January 1940, this is a camouflage suit, it is assumed that he looks like in Norway snow;
2. Capral Gampshire Regiment June 1940
3. Sergeant Wales Regiment of the Guards Division September 1940
4. Sergeant 1st Detachment Commandos of the Campbeltown warship March 28, 1942
5. Sergeant Air Force 1943
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6 7 8 9 10 Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
6. Captain Guards Grenadier Regiment May 1940
7. Skadron leader of the Air Force, Volunteer Reserve 1945
8. Lieutenant Infantry 1944. This is an officer of a special intelligence unit (a group of long-deserted intelligence), so the form of it is very free, atypical for ordinary infantryman.
9. Senior Air Force Officer, Observer Corps 1944
10. Junior Capral 4th Infantry Division May 1940 Post prepared hhhhhhhhl
For add. Thank you comments partizan_1812
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[In my opinion, they had some ridiculous helpedos.]
Army of France.
This ordinary 1st class is dressed in a shed-out output uniform with blue-black clock. On him the killer khaki, although the summer army form provided for the Gabardine Kittel. By 1938, all servicemen, except for the cavalrymen, received Breeches of a new sample. On the top of the left sleeves of the soldier, the stripe is a sign of a specialist, talking about that we have a weapon master.
In the French army there were hats of three types: the kepins that wore all the servicemen, regardless of the title (they sewed from the blue or color of Khaki Sukna); Field Kep - Bonnet De Police - from the cloth of the khaki color; Steel helmet. The born of troops was designated by the color of the clouds and loovers.
No matter how sad it should be noted that the French army in 1940 was infected with affected moods. They were distributed due to the "strange war", as well as the harsh winter of 1939-1940. Therefore, when the German troops broke through Ardennes, the French had no determination to give them resistance.
Since 1945, soldiers of the "free France" troops had other uniforms. It was almost completely American.
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4 5
1. An ordinary army of "Free France" 1940
2. Sergeant armored troops 1940
3. Major 46th Infantry Regiment 1940
4. Senior Sergeant 502th Air Intelligence Group 1940
5. An ordinary infantry regiment of 1945 (an example of American uniforms.)
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Red Army, What was all stronger.
Our description will not lead. The presentation has each. But I want to recommend a documentary film - "Military Form of Clothing of the Red and Soviet Army." 4 series of 40 minutes. The film describes in detail the history of the creation of a military form of clothing from 1917 to 1991: a chronicle, comments, interesting facts from the army, the country's leadership projects and reality, which preserved to fulfill conceived. It was struck by the fact that even after the army reduction in the post-war years, the remaining in the service could not wear under the established standards. We were able to improve only a broad supply. The rules of wearing military clothing, approved in 1943 envisaged in addition to the daily presence of a parade for soldiers and officers. But in fact, the officer staff provided this form only by 1948. Unfortunately, to achieve the same sergeants, soldiers and cadets failed.
Download from Rutraker.
The film is the third. 1940-1953
In the form, in addition to the outer, the visual component is important and functional. The soldier of any country on the battlefield should be convenient and practical uniform.
According to art historian M. R. Kirsanova, in the war in uniform recognize their own and strangers. S. V. Strocev, the costumes artist complements this statement like this: "In order to be seen who to shoot. Because the contact between the shooter and the opponent is visual. "
USSR
The soldiers of the Red Army were perfectly equipped at any time of the year. In the summer, pilots and helmets were used. The most common was helmet SS-40. In his creation, the seeds were participating Bulk, who told checkers and shooting from Nagan. In winter, the headers were introduced with lower headphones that defended her neck and ears from frost. Lightweight uniforms also included cotton gymnastrics with breastplate pockets, sharovars. A backpack or a douse bag was used for storage. Water drank from glass caps hanging in a bag to the belt. Grenades also wore on the belt - in special bags. In addition, the overand kit included a bag for a gas mask, cartridges. Private redarmeys wore cloaks, which could be used as a raincoat. In winter, the form was supplemented with a serrated fur coat or a cotton jacket with a kerching, fur mittens, boots and cotton pants.
The uniforms of the Red Army, seemed to be thought out to the smallest detail: in the storage of the sample of 1942 there was even a separation for an ax. So described the condition of his clothes in a letter. One of the Red Army teams: "My clothes are pretty pregnant and does not represent the value." And so commented on army uniform Professor P. M. Shurygin, participant of the Rzhev Battle: "Soon we will get quirk pants, degree races, warm underwear. Snow will give boots. The material is good, so the diva is given, where so much this beautiful material is taken. " From the memories it can be seen that the uniforms of the Red Army was high-quality and practical. Numerous pockets, bags for ammunition significantly facilitated the conduct of hostilities.
Germany
The form of German soldiers sewed at the Factory of the Hugo Boss. It included: a steel helmet with a double-sided case, a sequel, a gas mask case, a spinning, a rifle peason, a raincoat, a tent, bowler. The uniform of the Wehrmacht was full for the European territory. The frosty eastern front demanded a completely different approach. The first winter soldiers of Murzli. The second changes occurred, and in uniforms were introduced insulated jackets, stewed pants, as well as woolen gloves, sweaters and socks. But this was not enough.
Despite the fact that the Soviet form was much harder and easier to manufacture, it was considered more suitable for hostilities in winter. The reconstruction of the club "Eastern Rubeze" Yury Garev comments on the difference in the outfitting of key powers as: "" The form of a red army soldier was significantly the warmer forms of the Germans. On my feet, our soldiers wore Yali boots. More often used boots with windings. " One of the German representatives of the Wehrmacht in the message was loved by: "Driving through Gumba, I saw the crowd of our retreating soldiers, they walked in a wide variety of uniforms, wounds all sorts of clothes, just to warm up. Suddenly one soldier falls into the snow, others are indifferently passing by. "
Britannia
British soldiers wore a field uniform: blouse with a gate or woolen shirt, steel helmet, loose pants, a gas mask bag, a holster on a long belt, black shoes and sinels. By the beginning of World War II, a new uniform was adopted. Regular parts of the British army received it the last, because it was necessary to unwind recruits and those whose clothes had already lost a worthy view. In the course of the war, minor changes took place, during which the collar and other elements of clothing had a lining that prevents friction of a rough sarge, the buckle began to be produced with teeth.
Often, British soldiers had to wear a heavy raincoat "Tropal" with a fluff lining. In order not to climb, they put on the helmets knitted progress. Russian historian Igor Drevolution appreciated the British Uniform: "The uniforms of soldiers and officers of the British army became a model for imitating all the armies of Europe. In Frencie, the khaki color was very soon to change the entire European military estate, and in shoes with windings, Soviet soldiers took Berlin in 1945. "
USA
Uniforms of American soldiers objectively is considered the most comfortable and thoughtful in the context of World War II. It was focused on the development of uniform even in the post-war time. The form includes a wool shirt, a light field jacket, pants with linen heter, low brown boots, helmet or pylot. Such a number of things came to shift the jumpsuit from Twill. The entire clothing of US soldiers was different functionality: the jacket was flooded with lightning and buttons, was equipped with cut pockets on the sides. The best equipment of Americans allowed to become an arctic kit consisting of a warm jacket-parks, corded boots on the fur. The US Armed Forces command is convinced that the American soldier has better equipment. One of the Red Army teams responded about their shoes with special respect: "What are the good shoes they had!"
Japan
During World War II, the Japanese existed a uniform of three types. Each of them included uniforms, pants, chinel and cape. For warm weather, a cotton variant is provided for cold - woolen. In the set of uniforms was also helmet, shoes or boots. For Japanese soldiers, collisions in the north of China, Manchuria and Korea were considered operations in winter conditions. The most insulated form was used to conduct hostilities in these places. Naturally, for the harsh climate, it did not fit, because it was over-coated with fur clads, woolen steady pants, pants. In general, it is difficult to name Japanese uniforms functional. It was suitable only for certain latitudes with a tropical climate.
Italy
Italian soldiers in times of World War I wanted shirt and tie, a single-breasted nipper with a waist belt, pants-hail with windings or woolen socks-golf, shoes to the ankle. Some soldiers were more convenient to use Breeches. Uniforms did not fit for winter campaigns. The chinel was sewn from cheap coarse cloth, absolutely not heating in the frost. The army was not equipped with winter clothes. Warm options were only among the representatives of the mountainous troops. The Italian newspaper "Como Province" in 1943 noted that only the tenth of the soldiers during his stay in Russia was supplied suitable for this uniform. In his memoirs, the fighters wrote that at times the temperature reached the mark in minus 42 degrees, so many died due to frostbite, and not during military operations. The statistics of the Italian command reported that only in the first winter the hypothermia suffered 3600 soldiers.
France
French soldiers fought in color uniform. They were outfitted in single-breasted pools on buttons, double-breasted overcoats with side pocket valves. The floors of the sinels could be fastened back to be easier to walk. The clothes were present loops for the belt. Hiking troops wore breeches with windings. Headdes were three types. The most popular was the cling. Also actively worn and chewing Adrian. Their distinctive feature - the presence of the emblem in the front. In addition to appearance, this helmet could hardly boast something else. He did not provide for protection against bullets. In very cold weather, French uniforms expanded its spectrum to a sheepskin coat. Such clothes are difficult to call optimal for different weather conditions.
The best form of American soldiers became the prototype of all modern field clothes. It was characterized by functionality and thoughtful appearance. It was not freezed in it, and it was one of the decisive factors in the war.
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