Wounds, bruises, damage to ligaments. Clinical examples

We proceed the right wound on your head.

Wounds on the head is customary to be divided into cutting, brushing, torn. They are able to appear due to injury when hitting, falling, injury. The victim need to provide first aid and bring to the department of traumatology.

How to handle the wound on the head

The wound is called the impaired integrity of the skin or mucous membranes. It is superficial or deep, cut or torn. Regardless of the severity of the lesion, the wound must be carefully handled.

What will be needed for the processing of the wound

• alcohol;
• zelenka or iodine;
• chlorhexidine;
• hydrogen peroxide;
• manganese;
• package;
• highlight;
• sterile gauze;
• bandage.

Preparation for the procedure

Before providing first medical care, diligently wash your hands and treat them with medical alcohol or any other alcohol-containing liquid so that the infection does not penetrate into the wound. It is necessary to clean the wound on the head using a sterile gauze tampon. It is not necessary to use wool, its particles are able to stay in the wound, which will provoke additional complications. When the sickness of the head is damaged, it is necessary to cut the hair around at a distance of two centimeters, rinse the damaged place with chlorhexidine, three-percent hydrogen peroxide or a weak manganese solution.

Wound processing

Around the wound, you need to abundantly lubricate the skin with alcohol, green, iodine, saturated with manganese solution. It is important to monitor that the drugs do not hit the damaged area, as they can cause a tissue burn, which will seriously complicate the process of further healing.

When bleeding does not stop

If the flow of blood is abundant, you must independently attach the waters of the gauze sterile tampon. After that, impose a gulling bandage. To reduce swelling, pain, stop the blood, it is necessary to impose a package with ice or a heap, which is filled with cold water. As water starts warming, change the heating. In particular, this is relevant for the warm season, when the path to the branch of traumatology takes a large amount of time.

What to do with foreign objects in the wound

Such objects that are deep in the wound do not need to be deleted independently. It is very dangerous to do it, because bleeding can intensify. Only a qualified doctor-traumatologist or surgeon can carry out manipulation of the cure of foreign objects.

Do not neglect urgent

Regardless of the degree of damage to the head, immediately call an ambulance care or deliver the victim to the nearest branch of traumatology. In the case of deep injury, there is a danger that the brain shell is inflamed, which sometimes leads to a fatal outcome, therefore, even a minor delay in the provision of specialized medical care may be a patient of life. See also: Cuts: How to act to not harm

Tip 1: How to treat the wound on the head.

Wounds on the head are divided into crushing, cutting, torn. They may appear as a result of injury when falling, impact, injury. The victim must provide first aid and deliver to the department of traumatology.

• How to treat wound on your head
• How to handle wound like iodine
• What to handle seams after surgery

• - alcohol;
• - iodine;
• - Zelenka;
• - hydrogen peroxide;
• - chlorhexidine;
• - mangartan;
• - ice;
• - package;
• - warmer;
• - sterile gauze;
• - Band.

• head Wounds Processing

Tip 2: How to process ripped wounds.

• how to handle lips

Tip 3: How to handle a cat wound.

• - sterile bandage or gauze;
• - scissors;
• - cotton wand;
• - Zelenka;
• - iodine;
• - vodka or alcohol;
• - tweezers;
• - 3% hydrogen peroxide solution;
• - Strepsid Tablet;
• - Vaseline;

• Wounds in cats. How to treat wounds by the cat.
• how to handle

Tip 4: How to treat a cut wound.

• - soap, alcohol-containing liquid;
• - mangartan or hydrogen peroxide;
• - alcohol, iodine or green;
• - antiseptic ointment;
• - sodium chloride, furacilin or antibiotics;
• - Gauze Tampon, Bandage, Sterile Marley.

• Treatment and treatment of cutting wounds
• how to treat wound after cut

Tip 5: how to handle wound after casting a cat.

Cat must be properly prepared for castration. During the operation, the bladder and the digestive tract of the animal should be empty, so 12 hours before castration, the cat can not be fed, and in an hour - even to eat.

Wound processing

If the doctor after surgery processed the wound with the "terramitsin" or "alumazole", they persist on the skin for a while, in this case the wound process is not necessary. If there was no such treatment, the wound must be flushed with 3% hydrogen peroxide or furational solution, dissolving one tablet in the glass of water. It is not recommended to process the wound with a greenflaw or alcoholic solution of iodine, they can overwhelm skin.

So that the cat does not disturb the wound, licking her, he needs to wear a special collar, who will not let him reach the back of the body. Remove the collar only at the time of food. It is necessary to ensure that the cat is not rubbed about the floor back of the body.

The filling for the tray used at this time must be soft to disturb the wound. It is better if it is white or at least a light shade, in this case the owners can immediately notice the starting bleeding in time.

Possible complications

The owners should alert an increase in the body temperature of the animal. Normal temperature for cat - 38-39 ° C. In the first three days, it will inevitably be elevated, but if the temperature has not decreased on the fourth day, this is a reason for urgent treatment to the veterinarian. Moreover, the animal needs to show if the wound began to be fed. In this case, the veterinarian will appoint an antibiotic.

In the first day, after the operation, a decrease in temperature (less than 37 degrees) can be observed, the animal is sleeping. Cat must be warm, applying the heating and rubbing the paws. If this did not help, the cat is still not moving and does not wake up, it is necessary to urgently cause a veterinarian or take a cat to the clinic.

Take a cat in the clinic and in the event that the seam starts to bleed.

After castration, the cat may suffer to constipation. The latency of the chair is inevitable during the first two or three days after the anesthesia, but if the cat's chair does not have more than four days, it is necessary to start giving him a laxative. Of course, it is impossible to do this without consulting a pre-veterinarian, only he can choose the appropriate drug, given the state of health and the characteristics of the body of a particular animal.

Damage and wounds of soft tissues of the head, symptoms and treatment.

Damage to the soft coverings of the skull are closed and open. Closed are bruised, to open - wounds (injuries). Ears occur as a result of hitting heads about solid objects, hitting the head of a solid subject, with a fall, etc.

As a result, the skin is damaged and subcutaneous fiber. From damaged blood vessels, blood is poured into the subcutaneous tissue. For the purpose of GALEA APONEUROTICA, the flowing blood forms a limited hematoma in the form of protruding swelling (cones).

With more extensive damage to the soft tissues, accompanied by a galea aponeurotica gap, which escaped from damaged blood vessels forms spilled swelling. These extensive hemorrhages (hematomas) in the middle of soft and sometimes give a feeling of unsubstate (fluctuations). For these hematomas, a dense shaft around hemorrhage is characteristic. When tickling a dense shaft around the circumference of hemorrhage, it can be taken over the fracture of the skull with pressure. A thorough study, as well as an X-ray, make it possible to correctly recognize damage.

Wounds of soft tissues of the head are observed as a result of injury to both sharp and stupid tools (stupid violence). The injury of soft coverings of the skull is dangerous in that the local infection can spread to the contents of the skull and lead to meningitis, encephalitis and brain abscess, despite the object of bone, due to the connection existing between the surface veins and veins inside the skull. The infection can also be distributed on the lymphatic vessels. Simultaneously with the injury of soft tissues, the bones of the skull and the brain may be damaged.

Symptoms. Symptoms are determined by the nature of damage. Rezanny and chopped wounds are strongly bleed and gap. Cover wounds bleeding little. In the absence of complications of infection, the injuries are favorable. If the wound has been processed in the first hours, it can heal the primary tension.

The symptoms of bruised wounds correspond to the nature of the wound. The edges of the bruised wound are uneven, with the traces of the injury (scramble), are impregnated with blood, in some cases they are derived from the bone or tissue. Bleeding is less abundant due to thrombosis of the well-broken and broken vessels. Harrant wounds can penetrate the bone or limited to damage to soft tissues. A characteristic sign of torn wounds is a significant detachment from the subjects of bone and the formation of flaps.
A special type of damage to the cover of the head is the so-called scalping, at which a large or smaller part of the scalp's scalp is broken.

Treatment. In most cases, after careful pretreatment of the wound and adjacent sections, it is enough to impose on the wound of the seam, and with small wounds - the gulling bandage. With strong bleeding, bleeding vessels should be tied up. Severe can only be a fresh, unpolluted wound. With the pollution of the wound, the objects that came to the wound are removed by tweezers, lubricate the edges of the wound with a solution of iodine tincture, refresh the edges of the wound (produce primary treatment of wounds), poured a solution of penicillin (50,000-100,000 units of 0.5% novocaine solution) or infiltrate with solution Penicillin edges of the wound, after which the wound is sewn completely or partially. In the latter case, a graduate is introduced under the skin. Under the elevation of the inflammatory process on the wound, you can impose a secondary seam. In some cases, injection of the Penicillin solution intramuscularly prescribed. If the wound is completely sewn, and in the following days there will be signs of its inflammation, the seams should be removed and the wound will be revealed.
In order to prevent all the wounded, anticipate serum is introduced, and with severe injuries, especially polluted ground, is an anti-hyangenous serum.

Care. The hair on the head contributes to pollution and make it difficult to treat the skin and wound, and therefore they should be filled with possible greater space around the wound. When shaving, care must be taken to not make infections into the wound, it should be covered with a sterile napkin. Shaving produce from the wound, and not to the wound.

There are a large number of diseases related to skin and hair problems. "Boyts" on the head - not just aesthetic trouble.

In most cases, they talk about serious problems in the body. In the absence of proper treatment, the case is not limited to the usual itch. A rash, dandruff, drying crusts appear on the scalp of the head, the process may end hair loss.

The presence of constant nerve loads, stress, lack of sleep is also the cause of poor imminent work.

Immune defense weakens with unbalanced nutrition. The occurrence of dandruff, for example, can be provoked not only by fungal microorganisms, but also by the usual shortage of necessary trace elements.

One of the reasons why sores on the head appear is a violation of metabolism. Bad work of the sebaceous glands gives an impetus to the development of dermatitis. Diseases of internal organs and hormonal failures often lead to the emergence of cystic entities.

The appearance of pain foci on the head in the hair is caused by the development of oncology, infection with a ringing deprive, by receiving an unsuitable patient with medicines, allergies.

It is necessary to carefully carry out all sanitary and hygienic rules: contain hair clean, use only individual comb, use proven cosmetic and hygiene. Although the observance of the rules of hygiene does not make one hundred percent guarantee protection against diseases of the scalp. Vershi can settle in absolutely clean hair.

Wounds on the head, in addition to injuries, can appear when entering a weakened infection body having a viral, bacterial, as well as fungal nature. With a decrease in immunity, the body independently does not cope with the ailments. Over time, mocking foci of skin irritation becomes wounds, sometimes even purulent. The infection extends to the scan of problem areas and in the absence of disinfect.

The cause of the disease of the hairproof may become a banal mechanical damage to the skin, the use of hairpins and other accessories provoking the occurrence of the wound on the head.

Heredity, allergic reactions, unfavorable ecology are greatly complicated.

Symptoms of the main problems with the scalp

Their appearance is a signal of impaired hygiene rules. Often they are found on the head in a child in contact with other sick, or in adults who visited the bath or train where sanitary standards were not respected. From the bites of the lice there are small sores, heads head.

The reason is a microscopic tick settled in the upper layers of the skin. With a reduced immunite or as a result of the wounds of the skin, the tick rushes in the deeper layers of the dermis, which is why the patient appears acne, ulotnik, redness on the face and in the scalp. He is bothering a strong itching. It will take help not only a dermatologist, but also a dermatocosmetologist.

The sores on the head of the head occur due to the dysfunction of the sebaceous glands, irregular nutrition, the deficiency of some vitamins. Pathology may be related to diseases of the nervous system or HIV infection.

In the hair and on the face there are inflammation, crusts and peeling. In some cases, seborrheic dermatitis is developing.

It is characterized by the appearance of itching and dandruff. And this is not necessarily due to non-compliance with the rules of hygiene. Even the best and expensive shampoo will not help if the work of the sebaceous glands is broken and immunity is weakened.

Dermatitis contact

It is caused by an allergic reaction to various items or organisms with which the person has contacted. The place of contact is blushing, there is a feeling of itching and burning, which does not work independently.

The doctor must figure out the nature of such a reaction and appoint an anti-allergic drug.

Psoriasis

May have a light and heavy shape. With a light head itches, small convex plaques appear on the skin, from which you can get rid of a special shampoo.

With severe form when there is an increase in regional lymph nodes, the doctor's help will be required.

Why it arises, for scientists there is still a mystery. In the patient, under the hair, first appear, after a while they start itching and peeling. If the disease fails to win at the initial stage with a special shampoo, then very soon its signs will be shown on the face and on the whole body.

The head of the head is covered with reddish and purple tubercles (Papula). Over time, they are transformed into scars, on the site of which hair disappear. Children suffer from this disease rarely, they are sick in mostly old people. To the dermatologist should be treated immediately, since it will not be possible to recover.

If watery bubbles and reddish spots appeared on the head, it may be a sign of penetration of herpes virus, similar to a windmill virus. For encumbrance, deprivable painful symptoms are characteristic: itching, headaches, as a result of which even paralysis of facial nerve is possible. Appeal to the doctor necessarily.

Ringworm

Call still dermatophythic. The disease is caused by fungus. Over time, they are inflamed and become wounds. The scars are formed in their place. The disease is very infectious, it suffers from it mostly young people. It is still unpleasant that hair on problem places can be lost irretrievably.

Another name is multicolored. On the upper layers of the skin there are stains of different colors, appearing under small scales. For this type, depriving is characteristic of a strong itching and sweating. Since it has fungal nature, treat the disease is necessary by antifungal drugs.

With a weak immunich, ulcers can appear on the head, which will be very scratched, and after they are inflamed and fastened. The crusts formed in their place will gradually grow, if not engaged in timely treatment. The doctor will recommend a suitable ointment with shampoo and medication treatment.

Very infection. Transmitted from the animal to man. The rash in the form of bubbles is gradually expanding in the area. The hair is trembling, start to break.

Trikhophysu

Exists in two forms. With superficial, rash appears, the skin flakes, the hair is easily broken and falling out. Dark points remain in their place. In the second case, you can also lose your hair, but there will be reddish-brown bumps on the place of their loss.

Favus (Past)

To the ferrous and burning causes damage to the skin of fungal nature. In this area, crusts of yellowish color with an unpleasant smell appear. They can bleed. Hair becomes brittle, losing shine. To cure the patient, sometimes it takes several months.

Treatment

Itching, redness and rash, all the negative phenomena presented in the photo is just the visible part of the trouble. Corusts and disappearing scales can lead to the development of such serious consequences as:

• microbial eczema;
• protein in the composition of urine;
• even oncological problems with skin.

If the sores on the head do not disappear for a long time, and the advertised shampoos, oils and vitamins have little help, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Analyzes will be assigned, which will define the nature of the ailment: is it if it is a hormonal failure or attack of a weakened organism fungus.

Recommendations on the topic than to treat dandruff and sores on the head, depend on the results of tests and analyzes. In the easiest cases from the attending physician, patients receive tips on the use of ointments, gels, serums that have a lining or antifungal action. In more severe cases of local treatment of foci, where sores appear, it is not enough. Then apply:

• antibiotics;
• preparations that positively affect the intestinal microflora; Towing toxins from the intest;
• antihistamines - with allergies.

Most external means that are used when the head is drawn, contain in its composition coal resin, zinc, birch tar. In modern clinics, along with the use of shampoos and ointments containing salicylic acid or natural oils, the integrated treatment is trying.

Patients who passed through the procedures of subcutaneous injections or laser exposure are positively responding about these methods. Substances that kill infection are entered under the skin, headings on the head with a laser are well disinfected. Complex therapy, including massage and the effect of steam capsule, act quite effectively and quickly.

Folk Methods

Time tested and efficiency is not inferior to the means invented in our time. Of course, they should be applied not in the running cases.

Folk medicine knows how to get rid of the corrosion or dandruff. To do this, use the juice of tomato, mix it with vegetable oil in equal shares. Warm stake wipe the affected places. The ointment of swine bass is also recommended, with the addition of salt and sulfur. Back in folk practice, the favorite drink is widely used - bread kvass. It is useful not only when used inward, but helps to cure crusts on the skin surface.

In a complex with medication treatment, a good help will be the use of the beams of the Zverkoy, oak and chamomile. Charges from Celebre, a turn and calendula will greatly facilitate the patient's condition. And the Degtyar soap will be useful not only during the course of treatment, but in the future, for the prevention of relapses. Herb-based rinses will help not only with sick hair, but will retain the beauty of healthy.

All causes and treatment of the disease is better to discuss with their attending physician, so as not to damage its skin. An ordinary scratch can lead to sad consequences. The question of what happened to the skin and how to treat it should always be asked to a specialist.

Any disruption of the integrity of the skin and soft tissues is called the wound.

Depending on the mechanism of obtaining a projectile or an object of application, injuries are divided into various types.

• Rezany are applied with sharp cutting tools - a knife, blade, including surgical wounds.
• Kolotaya wounds are applied with a subtle sharp object and go deep into the tissues - a long knife, a bayonet, seer.
• Chopped something resemble cutting wounds, but they are applied to a sharp and severe object with great effort - for example, typ with an ax.
• The branches are extremely specific in nature - they are applied by the teeth of animals or a person - this is a kind of combination of brushing and torn wounds.
• Firear wounds are also a sufficiently specific view of the Russian Academy of Sciences, applied using firearms.
• Poisoned is a special kind of busted wounds, but their peculiarity is the presence in the wound of a particular poisoning substance. Such wounds are applied to poisonous snakes, scorpions, poisonous spiders.
• Combined types of wounds - for example, a combination: crusted wounds and cutting wounds, obtained simultaneously and applied with one subject.
• Write wounds - we will talk about this video of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Definition

Breeding with bleeding

The bruised wound is called damage to the skin and soft tissues applied with a blunt solid object. With a great power of exposure, often a bruised wound is called bruised-smeared.

The main mechanisms for obtaining such an injury:

• Height heavy stupid item.
• Fall on a solid surface.
• Strong compression and tensile tissues.

Harrant wounds are often obtained during the fighting and affixing injuries, and even.

The varieties of bruised RAS include:

1. and bruises of soft tissues without impaired skin integrity.
2. Surface disorders of the skin - abrasions and erosion.
3. Deep blunt damage with impaired integrity of the skin: breaks, tissue scratch.

Symptoms can accompany the wounds, so it will be necessary to clearly define, bruised wound or combined.

Features

Any injury has its own characteristics that determine the principles of treatment and further healing. We list the characteristic features of the bruised wound.

The main specific feature of the bruised wound are its edges. The edges of the wounds are uneven, often swollen, torn and impregnated with blood and connective tissue fluid. Due to such features, such wound surfaces are poorly survived and form coarse scars.

Surface scratch

With bruised wounds, there is practically no such, very characteristic of many wounds, phenomenon as a wound canal. Cover wounds, firearms, chopped wounds have clearly pronounced wound channels, but in bractured cases it is difficult to trace.

Often, fragments from a wounded item remain in the wound - pieces of the cortex from the wooden subject, sand and small stones when falling on the ground or asphalt and other foreign contaminants. That is why such wounds need to be thoroughly rinsed and sanitized with antiseptic solutions, since such small fragments significantly worsen the healing processes.

All bruised wounds are primary infected. This means that various microorganisms hit the wound in any case, as the injury was applied to the non-sterile subject, unlike, for example, surgical wounds.

If the wound occurred far from the medical institution, it is important to be able to provide the victim. The main principle of providing first prefigure aid is: "Do not harm!". It is extremely important because extra and inept actions can cause more harm than the cause of assistance itself.

We list the basic principles of first aid.

First of all, it is necessary to estimate whether there is pronounced bleeding from the wound. The bruised wounds are actually quite rarely accompanied by abundant bleeding, except in cases of deep damage to soft tissues with the capture of large vascular stems.

Bruised injury on the head

If bleeding is not human or absent, then the wound must be rinsed. Wash those wounds that are clearly contaminated by foreign fragments. Relatively clean surfaces can not be touched. For washing, hydrogen peroxide is perfect. The resulting in contact with biological fluids. Foam pushes minor foreign bodies on the surface. Any antiseptic solutions are also suitable for washing: chlorhexidine. Miramistine, a weak solution of mangartee or boiled water with soap.

The edges of the wound need to be lubricated with alcoholic solution: iodine, methylene blue, diamond green and others. It is strictly forbidden to "pour" alcohol solutions to the wound cavity. It is only necessary to lubricate the edges of the wound.

It is necessary to put a sterile napkin or gauze on the wound surface and drive. If venous bleeding is observed, the gulling bandage is needed. It's good to attach a dressing.

If there are signs of arterial bleeding from the wound, it is necessary to impose a hemostatic harness. You can use any belt, belt, ribbon as a harness. The harness is applied on the layer of tissue above the wound - approximately need to retreat 10-15 cm.

It is very important for the harness to attach the visible note with the exact time of the imposition of the harness, because in the summer the harness can be held 1 hour, and in the winter - 40-45 minutes. If you keep harness longer, the fabric will begin. Therefore, the harness is imposed only if arterial bleeding is observed and it does not stop in any way. Otherwise, you can only harm the victim.

The victim should be transported as soon as possible to any medical facility to provide professional medical care.

Treatment

In medicine there is a classification of wounds (wounds of all species have been described above). Given the complex structure of the bottom and edges of the wound, the mandatory presence of pathogenic flora, pollution of the wound surface of foreign bodies and the high risk of infection, the treatment of the bruised wound is a rather difficult task. As a rule, surgeons are engaged in treating such wounds or, but we will list the basic principles of treatment.

Primary surgical processing: washing with solutions of antiseptics, removal of foreign bodies, dead sections of tissues, torn skin flaps.

The imposition of surgical seams. The seams are needed to stop bleeding from large vessels, as well as to achieve a better cosmetic effect during healing. Therefore, if you have the opportunity to reduce the edge of the wound, the surgeons try to do it.

Appointment of antibacterial drugs. Most often, with small damage and good surgical treatment, you can do either completely without antibiotics, or limited to local ointments or creams. However, with extensive wound surfaces, deep injuries and severe pollution of the wound, it is advisable to assign antibacterial drugs to intake.

Introduction This is a special immunological preparation designed to prevent the development of tetanus - a serious bacterial infection. The fact is that the disputes of the tetaped bacterium are in large quantities are in the ground and the objects contaminated by it. In case of primary pollution, the spores can get on damaged tissues and cause tetanus defeat.

The bruised wounds directly depends on the vastness and depth of the wound, the speed and quality of the primary surgical processing of the wound, the infection of the wound, postoperative care.

A lot depends on the individual characteristics and regeneration of a particular patient. The healing processes are slower in the elderly, patients with, weakened people and people with impaired immune status.

I would like to note that extensive bruised wounds are grown quite difficult, with the formation of coarse scars and skin defects. That is why it is very important to carry out the most quickly and carefully monitor the wound during the healing period.

Head - Caput.

The victim got a blow to the head of a heavy stupid subject. In the region of the injury, in the frontal-dark area, the wound with uneven edges is 4 cm long, bleeding. Around the wound crushed non-visual fabrics. The bones of the skull to the touch are intact.

DS. The bruised wound of the front and dark area on the right.

Vulnus Contusum Regionis Frontoparietalis Dextrae.

Pain in the chewing chewing area. According to the victim, three days ago on the cheek was scoring abrasion. No primary rings were produced. Reds with fuzzy contours and 3 sizes 4 cm on the right cheek. Even cheek, swelling, hot to the touch. In the center of the crimson-red infiltrate, a small wound under the crust, scanty isolation of a purulent nature.

DS. Infected wound with right cheek.

Vulnus Infectum Regionis Buccalis Dextrae.

Complaints of pain in the left ear. The victim pulled out an earrings from the left ear. On the left ear, a cross-cutting wound is about 1 cm long with uneven edges, is directed vertically down. There is a small bleeding.

DS. Ripped wounds of the left ear.

Vulnus Laceratum Lobuli Auris Sinistri.

Male 23 years old.
Complaints of pain, swelling, a feeling of burning in the left ear shell.

According to the patient, during sleep, the playing dog bites the ear. Homemade dog, well-groomed, all vaccinations are made on time, the documents for the dog and the vaccinations made. Before arrival, the SMP brigade independently processed the wound 3% hydrogen peroxide.
In viewing on the inner surface of the left ear sink, the scanned wound, the edges are smooth, d \u003d 0.2 x 0.5 cm, not bleeding; Own wound edema, hyperemic. When palpation is painful. The acuity of the hearing is not broken.

DS. Scubinated wound left ear shell.

Vulnus Morsum Auriculae Sinistrae.

Wound treatment with 3% hydrogen peroxide. Processing the edges of the wound tincture of iodine. Leuccophustic bandage.

The victim fell during skating. When falling damaged the bottom lip. With an external inspection, the red border of the lower lip disseminated in the middle of its length. The wound has a vertical direction with uneven edges with a length of about 1 cm, moderately bleed.

DS. Harrant wounds of the lower lip.

Vulnus Contusum Labii Inferioris.

The victim chuckled the metal plate. The fragment is dissected left eyebrows. The wound has an oblique direction and is closer to the bridge, moderately bleed. The length of the wound is about 1.5 cm, the edges are uneven. Bone to the touch of the must.

DS. The bruised wound of the left eyebrows.

Vulnus Contusum Supercilii Sinistri .

The victim chopped firewood, the large chips broke and hit the forehead. Consciousness did not lose. On the forehead, the bleeding wound is about 3 cm long, the edges are uneven. Around the wound zone of necrosis. The frontal bone on the touch of the must. The overall condition of the patient is satisfactory.

DS. Armored wounds of the frontal area.

Vulnus Contusum Regionis Frontalis.

While working on the machine, the hair of the victim screwed into the rotating shaft of the machine, and the skin was torn from the dark-occipital area of \u200b\u200bthe head. In the left packer-occipital region, the detached skin flap with a size of 5 per 8 cm of oval shape with uneven edges is held only in the forehead area. The wound surface is plentifully bleeding. The victim is excited, crying.

DS. Scalped head wound.

Vulnus Panniculatum Capitis.

Male 47 years old. Complaints on headache, dizziness, chest pain when breathing and movement. Chronic diseases denies. According to a man, about an hour ago, opened the front door on the call, and was beaten at home by two unknown. It can not say for sure, losing consciousness or not. The last three days used alcoholic beverages. Urination and stool - b / o.

Consciousness is clear. 130/80 mm. Heart rate \u003d 80 per minute. CH \u003d 18 per minute. Leather ordinary coloring. Breathing vesicular, loosened. Shang breasts when breathing. Visually - the swelling of the face, numerous hematomas, hematoma of the right pairbital region. Deformation and edema in the area of \u200b\u200bnose, the backs of the nose, pain during palpation. Sharp pain during palpation 5 and 6 ribs on the left of the front-impact line. Capital is not detected. Signs of alcoholic intoxication: the smell of alcohol from the mouth, the ridiness of the gait.

DS.SCMT. Brain concussion? Ears of soft head tissues. Closed nasal bone fracture? Closed fracture of the left 5-6 ribs?

Trauma Craniocerebale Clausum. Commotio Cerebri? Contusiones Textuum Mollium Capitis. Fractura Ossium Nasi Clausa. Fractura Costarum V-VI (Quintae Et Sextae) Sinistrarum?

SOL. Dolaci 3% - 1 ml in / in

Sol.Natrii Chloridi 0.9% - 10 ML

Transportation in the trauma art.

Reported to the local police station.

Neck - Collum

The victim was applied by the wound with a knife in the right half of the neck. The skin is pale, lies on the ground, hesitated. In the region of the breast-emitted muscle on the right (approximately in the middle of its length), a deep wound with a length of about 1.5 cm, from which blood scarlet is rhythmically thrown out. Pulse frequent weak filling. Surface breathing, frequent.

DS. Koloto-cut wound side surface of the neck marked with a carotid artery and bleeding.

Vulnus Punctoincisivum Faciei Lateralis Colli Et Laesio Traumatica ARTERIAE CAROTIS CUM HAEMORRHAGIA.

Complaints against pain in the upper half of the neck, swallowing and breathing difficult. The victim (young girl) took an unsuccessful attempt of suicide. Tried to hang out.

With the external inspection of the neck, the crimson-blue bruise is visible - the track from the rope. The neck of the swelling, edema, palpation of a painful injury site. Patient in consciousness. Pulse frequent faint filling, breathing surface, frequent.

DS. Closed damage to soft neck tissues. Suicidal attempt.

Laesio Traumatica Textuum Mollium Colli Clausa. Tentamen Suicidii.

Complaints on pain when swallowing. The victim in the fight was hit by a sharp subject (wide screwdriver) in the neck area. With an external inspection on the front surface of the neck on the left behind the thyroid cartilage, the wound of an oval shape with a length of about 1 cm with uneven edges. The wound is moderately bleeding. When swallowing from the wound, saliva and food is distinguished. Breathing is normal, through the nose. There is no subcutaneous emphysema.

DS. Koloto-ribbon wound neck with damage to the esophagus.

Vulnus Punctolaceratum Colli Cum Laesione Traumatica Oesophagi.

Upper limb. Brush. Forearm. Shoulder. - Extremitas Superior. Manus. Antebrachium. BRACHIUM.

The victim complains of pain in the right hand. The injury occurred at work: a metal detail fell on the back surface of the brush.

On the back surface of the right hand, there is a subcutaneous crimson-blue hematoma of a rounded form 4 by 5 cm. Due to the swelling, it cannot completely squeeze the fingers into the fist. Skin covers in the injury area are not damaged. The fluctuation is determined.

DS. Through the back of the right brush.

Contusio Faciei Dorsalis Manus Dextrae.

The victim complains of pain in the field of the left brush. The patient strongly hit the heavy blunt item on the palm. In case of inspection, the palm surface of the left brush is salted, painful when feeling, fingers in a semi-bent position, movement are limited. It cannot completely squeeze the fingers into the fist. The skin brushes are not damaged.

DS. Bruise palm surface of the left brush.

Contusio Faciei Anterioris MANUS SINISTRAE.

The victim turned with complaints about the feeling of compression and pain in the IV finger of the left brush. He asks to remove the ring from the finger, which gives great inconvenience.

On the main phalange of the IV finger of the left brush tightly wearing a metal ring. Below the rings finger edema, somewhat shiny. Because of the movement edema is limited. Sensitivity is preserved in full.

DS. Sumpring of foreign object (ring) 4 fingers of the left brush.

Compressio Digiti Quarti Manus Sinistrae Per Corporem Alienum (Per Anulum).

The victim scored a nail into the wall and struck the hammer on the nail phalange of the II finger of the left brush.

Nail phalange II Finger Even, soreness when feeling. In the center of the nail plate there is a subnumber hematoma of the bug-blue color of an oval-shaped size of about 1 cm. Nail does not peel.

DS. Subcast hematoma of the first finger of the left brush.

Haematoma Subunguinalis Digiti Secundi Manus Sinistrae.

A teenager at the exercise on physical education at school hit the right brush about the sports projectile. On the back surface of the middle phalange 3 fingers of the right brush there is a subcutaneous hematoma. Finger Even, painful when feeling. Flexion is limited. Skin covers are not damaged. Load on the pin is painless.

Ds.. Eashes of the middle phalanx III finger right brush.

Contusio Phalangis Medialis Digiti Tertii Manus Dextrae.

The locksmith put into order a workplace. Having damaged the right brush with technical garbage (chips, small glass fragments). The skin of the right brush is fan with fuel oil and oil paint. On the palm surface there are many small abrasions and a wound. Bleeding from them minor.

Ds.. Multiple wounds and abrasions of the right hand.

Vulnera Multiplices Et Excoriations Manus Dextrae.

The victim cut into a fragment of a broken window glass. On the back of the right brush, a shallow wound is about 4 cm long with smooth edges, moderately bleeding. Sensitivity and motor function of the damaged brush are saved.

Ds.. Rezany wounds of the back of the right brush.

Vulnus Incisivum Faciei Dorsalis MANUS Dextrae.

The victim in the fight was struck by a knife wound. Damaged the back surface of the left brush. With an external inspection of a rear surface of the brush in the areaII. Metal bone there is a cut wound about 1.5 cm long. In the depths of the wound, the peripheral end of crossed tendon is visible. The wound is moderately bleeding.II. Finger semi-bent. It cannot be accessed by a patient independently.

Ds.. Damage to the tendon of the extensor II. Finger left brush.

Laesio Tendinis Musculi Extensoris Digiti Secundi Manus Sinistrae.

The victim received a sharp blow to the opening door on the straightened straighten fingers of the left brush. As a result, the nail phalanxIII The finger sharply bent and no matter how "hung." On the back surfaceIII The finger of the left brush in the distal interphalating joint has a small swelling, during palpation moderately painful. The nail phalanx is bent and independently will not be elected. Passive motion saved.

Ds.. Relief tendon extensor III Finger left brush.

RUNUTURA TENDINIS MUSCULI EXTENSORIS DIGITI TERTII MANUS SINISTRAE.

The young victim worked as a shovel without a leader in the garden. As a result of long friction, the shovel of the shovel about the palm surface was formed by corn on the right brush. On the palm of the surface layer of the skin, there was a strained bubble of red, about 2 cm, filled with liquid under it. The bubble is not opened, palpation is painful.

Ds.. Corn palm surface right brush.

Clavus Faciei Palmaris MANUS Dextrae.

The victim, defending from the knife strike, grabbed the knife with his right hand for the blade. The attacker with the power pulled him out of the injured. As a result, a deep wound was formed on the palm surface of the right brush.

On the palm surface, a deep transverse wound 4 cm long with smooth edges and pronounced bleeding. In the depths of the wound in the areaIII finger, visible peripheral end of the tendon, the central end in the wound is not.III The finger will be dispersed and active flexions of the end and medium phalange no. With passive flexion, the finger is already inflamed independently. Sensitivity is saved.

Ds.. Dissection of the surface and deep tendon of the flexor III finger right brush.

Dissecatio Tendinum Superficialis et Profundae Flexoris Digiti Tertii Manus Dextrae.

According to the mother, the child fell on an elongated arm, the brush turned into inside. Worried pain in the left bright joint. With an external inspection, there is a swelling edema of the bearer, a strong pain when brush bending. The load on the axis of the forearm is painless. When palpation of wrists, the child feels pain.

Ds.. Stretching of ligaments of the left ray compassion.

Distorsio Articulationis Radiocarpalis Sinistrae.

The victim hurt the back surface of the forearm by a fragment of a broken glass when she took out the window frame.

On the back surface of the lower third of the left forearm there is a wound with smooth edges and moderate bleeding, a length of 5 cm. Sensitivity and motor function of the fingers of the brush are preserved in full.

Ds.. Rezanna wounds of the back surface of the left forearm.

Vulnus Incisivum Faciei Dorsalis Antebrachii Sinistri.

The victim of 18 years with the purpose of suicide struck the blade wound on the bending surface of the left forearm.

The condition is satisfactory, the consciousness is clear. Pale skin. CSS 85 per minute. Pulse of weak filling. AD 90/50 mm RT Art. In the lower third of the left forearm, the cut wound, located across, about 4 cm long with smooth edges. The wound is widely gaping, it slowly flows into a continuous jet of dark red blood. Next to the wound several parallel shallow skin abrasions.

Ds.. Rezanaya wound of the left forearm with venous bleeding, signs of acute anemia.

Vulnus Incisivum Antebrachii Sinistri Cum Haemorrhagia Venosa, Signa Anaemiae Acutae.

During the cutting of firewood, the ax flew off the ax and pulled him a left forearm to him. With an external inspection on the front surface of the left forearm in an average third of a deep chopped wound, directed across the forearm of about 4 cm long, with smooth edges. The wound gaps wide and plentifully bleeding. The brush is in a dispere position, there are no active flexible movements. In the depths of the wound, the ends of the dissected muscle are determined - the radius of the wrist.

Ds.. Chopped wounds of the left forearm with damage to the muscle of the wrist flayser.

Vulnus Scissum Antebrachii Sinistri Cum Laesione Traumatica Musculi Flexoris Carpi Radialis.

A teenager during roller skating behind the cargo car fell on the asphalt, exhibiting the left hand forward. The blow fell on the forearm. In the middle third of the left forearm there is a large wound with uneven edges. The skin on the palm surface of the forearm sodran. Sections of skin flaps are separated from the fabric and hang, part of the skin is lost.

Ds.. Patchwork wound of the middle third of the left forearm.

Vulnus Panniculatum Tertiae Medialis Antebrachii Sinistri.

The schoolboy for 14 years tried to stroke a wandering dog, she bit him and ran away. When examining the right forearm on the rear surface in the lower third, a slightly deep, irregular shape of a wound with teeth fingerprints. The wounds are contaminated with a salivary animal, moderately bleed.

Ds.. Scubinated wounds of the right forearm.

Vulnus Morsum Antebrachii Dextri.

A young woman when trying to suicide, stuck one branch of scissors into the left elbow hole, and the second Branche closed. Thus cut the vessels in the elbow yam. Soon the neighbor in a communal apartment had affected assistance: put a dense roller into the elbow pumpel and moved his hand as much as possible, caused SMP. In the left elbow hole, the bean-cut wound is about 2 cm long, with smooth edges. From the wound flows blood pulsating jet of bright red. The patient is pale, covered with cold later, indifferent to the surrounding, complains of dizziness and dry mouth. Pulse frequent, weak filling, blood pressure below normal.

Ds.. Koloto-cut wound of the left elbow hole with arterial bleeding and acute anemia.

Vulnus Punctoincisum Fossae Cubitalis Cum Haemorrhagia ARTERIALE ET AMEMIA ACUTA.

The victim of 18 years during the field work was bitten by a tick on the right forearm. Objectively: on the front surface of the middle third of the right forearm, the head and chest of the tick is tightly embedded in the skin, and the abdomen filled with blood, protrudes outward. Around the leather tick is a bit hyperemic, the wound is poorly painful.

Ds.. Bite tick right forearm.

PUNCTUM ACARI ANTEBRACHII DEXTRI.

The man was shot from a pistol from a distance of about 20 meters. Damaged right brush. Delivered to the traumatological department of the hospital. When examining the right brush on the palm surface there is an end-to-end firearm. The entrance wound is monstering and is located in the hypothena region the output - in the base of the base of 1 finger, the edges are twisted, uneven, moderately bleed. Motor and sensitive function 1 and 5 fingers are broken. Bones are not damaged.

Ds.. The through firearm of the soft tissues of the palm surface of the right brush.

Vulnus Sclopetarium Bifore Textuum Mollium Faciei Palmaris Manus Dextrae.

The young man hit the left shoulder about the hard object during an accident. After 1 hour after the injury, the victim appealed to the trauma. Objectively: in the region of the left deltoid muscle there is a wound with uneven, crushed edges, about 5 cm long. Moderately pronounced bleeding. There are no indispensable fabrics around the wound - a bug-blue necrosis area. The motor and sensitive function of the shoulder joint is preserved in full. The wound is badly polluted by the earth and scraps.

Ds.. The bruised wound area of \u200b\u200bthe left shoulder joint.

Vulnus Contusum Regionis Articulationis Humeri Sinistrae.

Chest - Thorax

The teenager received a heavy blunt item on the chest. He appealed to the trauma. With external examination on the chest on the right in the regionV, VI and VII Ribs along the strered-crooking line is determined by swelling and a small subcutaneous hematoma. Palpation of this area is painful, there is no attitudes. Lifting the right hand and side slopes of the body are minced. Deep inhale is painful, but it is possible.

Ds.. Injury right half of the chest.

Contusio Dimidii Dextri Thoracis.

The victim sat on the windowsill, was injured by a large fragment of a broken window glass. Objectively: on the back below the left blade there is a shallow wound with a length of about 5 cm with smooth edges, temperately bleed. The bottom of the wound is subcutaneous fatty fiber.

Ds.. Rezannaya wound of the left subband region.

Vulnus Incisivum Regionis Subscapularis Sinistri.

A young man was delivered to the traumatological department of the hospital with a gunshot injury of the right half of the chest. Objectively: on the front wall of the chest in the region of 6-7, the ribs on the right of the midcurlenium line there is an inlet hole of a firearm with funnel-shaped rotten edges. On the back, slightly below the lower angle of the right blade, there is a second wound of much larger sizes (outlet). Heavy condition. Wounded troubled, pale, cyanotic. Complaints on cough, chest pain. Breathing is frequent, superficial. Hell is reduced, pulse frequently. Through wounds (input and output), bloody bubbles are distinguished. When inhaling, air with a characteristic whistling sound passes through them. Breathing on the damaged side is not determined. In the victim pronounced breathing failure.

Ds.. Through firearms of the right half of the chest. Open pneumothorax.

Vulnus Sclopetarium Bifore Dimidii Dextri Thoracis. Pneumothorax apertus.

The young man got a knife in the chest. When examining the chest to the left of the front axillary line between 5 and 6, there is a small bean-cut wound with a length of about 1.5 cm. Thanks to the retraction of the breast muscles, the outer wound is closed. There is no further air intake through the wound into the pleural cavity. The patient defines shortness of breath, small cyanosis. With auscultation, respiratory noises of the left are significantly weakened, the tympanic sound is determined.

Ds.. Penetrating wound of the left half of the chest. Closed pneumothorax.

Vulnus Penetrans Dimidii Sinistri Thoracis. Pneumothorax Clausus.

During the discharge of scrap metal, he got a blow to a heavy metal blank. Complaints for pain at the injury, thirst, vomiting. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe right hypotherapy are visible subcutaneous hemorrhages. Muscular defense in the upper half of the belly on the right. Pale skin, hell low. Breathing frequent, surface, tachycardia. The belly will be taken, positively with the symptom of Brush in the right hypochondrium. Percussively determines the increase in the liver.

DS. Dull chest injury with liver damage.

Trauma Obtusum Thoracis Cum Laesione Traumatica Hepatis.

A man in his career was poured by sand. It was under the rubble for about 30 minutes. Thoracked turned out to be squeezed. Delivered to the separation of thoracic surgery. The patient is injected. Complains against pain in the chest, the noise in the ears, weakening of vision and hearing. The skin of the upper half of the chest, head and neck has a bright red color with multiple point hemorrhages. With auscultation in the lungs, a large number of wet wheezes are determined.

Ds.. Ground grinding. Traumatic asphyxia.

Compressio Thoracis. Asphyxia Traumatica.

The victim of 20 years in a street fight hit the knife in the back.

With an external inspection in the field of IV breast vertebra, the bridal wound, from which the spinal fluid flows with blood. There is a spastic paralysis of the right lower limb with a loss of deep and partly tactile sensitivity. On the left side developed severe pain and temperature anesthesia below the level of injury.

DS. Koloto-cut wound of the thoracic spine with damage to the spinal cord.

Vulnus Punctoincisivum Partis Thoracalis Columnae Vertebralis Cum Laesione Medullae Spinalis.

The elderly man disassembled the old house, and the ceiling collapsed on him. Large pieces of boards, bars, lands fell on his back and pressed the victim.

With an external inspection of the back, there is a subcutaneous hematoma located along the cozen processes 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 of the chest vertebrae. Palpation area of \u200b\u200binjury is painful. There are no explicit signs of the spinal fracture. Neurological symptoms are absent. The patient is hospitalized for observation. By the end of the first day, well-being gradually began to deteriorate. There were encumbrances of root pain. Conductive violations began to develop (paresis passing into paralysis, hypshethesis, anesthesia, urine delay). In the future, there were strands and ascending cystopelonephritis, stagnant pneumonia.

DS. Spinal cord with epidural hematoma in the thoracic spine.

Compressio Medullae Spinalis Haematomate Epidurale In Partem Thoracicam Columnae Vertebralis.

Belly - Abdomen.

The patient was taken to the clinic with a trauma of the belly. Complaints of injury pain and vomiting with blood. With an external inspection in the epigastric region, a large wound with a loop of the small intestine, part of the gland and part of the damaged stomach wall are granted.

DS. Penetrating the wound of the front abdominal wall with the eVENTEC and the injury of the stomach.

Vulnus Parietis Anterioris Abdominis Penetrans Cum Eventereration Et Vulnerationa Traumatica Ventriculi.

A man was delivered to the clinic of abdominal surgery for 60 years, which, with the words of random passers-by, fell from the balcony of the third floor. The patient is unconscious, the skin is pale. Pulse frequent, threaded, pressure 70/50 mm Hg. Art. Surface breathing, frequent. The number of erythrocytes and the amount of hemoglobin is significantly reduced. In the operating patient there is 1000 ml of single-log blood. Hell rose to 90/60 mm Hg. Art. The patient came into consciousness and began to complain about severe abdominal pain. After 20 minutes, hell decreased again, and the victim lost consciousness. Noticeably increased the volume of the abdomen. Between the palms placed on the side surfaces of the abdomen, the fluctuation is determined.

Ds.. Rule spleen, breaking the mesenteric vessels. Traumatic shock.

Raptura Lienis, Ruptura Vasorum Mesenttericorum. Afflictus Traumaticus.

Delivered to the clinic of abdominal surgery after an accident. Worried strong pain all over the stomach. When inspection on the front abdominal wall, the bruised wound was detected to the right of the navel. The patient lies motionlessly on the side with the knees tumaled to the stomach, does not give it to touch the abdominal wall. The touch enhances pain, and light pressure causes a sharp stress of the abdominal press. When palpation belly is thorn tense. Symptom of brush-blubberg positive. Auscultative peristalistic is not determined. There is no chair, the gases are not departed, the urine stands out of little. Patient tormented frequent vomiting. He periodically loses consciousness, does not respond to others, reluctantly answers questions. Breathing is frequent, superficial. Small filling pulse, frequent. Language dry, covered with a white bloom. Body Temperature 38.5 C.

Ds.. Penetrating wounds of the abdomen. Tarrow of the small intestine. Spilled peritonitis.

Vulnus abdominis penetrans.RUNUTURA INTESTINI TENUAE. Peritonitis Diffusa.

The patient was taken to the clinic with a gunshot wound right hypochondrium. On the front wall of the abdomen in the area of \u200b\u200bthe right hypochondrium there is a gunshot wound with uneven funnel-shaped rapid edges. Blood and bile from the wound. Defans are determined in the right hypochondrium and a positive symptom of Brush-Blumyberg. The belly will be off. Hell is low, pulse threaded, frequent. Pale skin

DS. Firear explosion of belly with damage to the liver and bile ducts.

Vulnus Abdominis Sclopetarium Cum Laesione Hepatis Et Ductuum Choledochorum.

A policeman with the detention of the criminal received a knife wound in the stomach. When examining the stomach involved in the act of breathing. On the front wall of the abdomen there is a bean-cut wound with a length of about 2 cm, 3 cm left of the umbilical ring. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe wound there is a small swelling, the palpation of the belly is painful only in the place of damage. The tension of the abdominal muscles is determined only within the wound. Peritoneal symptoms, vomiting, meteorism, absenting pulse. Body temperature is normal.

Ds.. Koloto-cut wounds of the front abdominal wall.

Vulnus Punctoincisivum Parietis Anterioris Abdominis.

Runner - Regio Lumbalis

The young man was taken to the urological department. According to the victim, he was hit by foot into the lumbar region. As a result of the injury, severe back pain appeared. When inspection in the lumbar region, there is swelling, subcutaneous bruises. Urine is intensively painted with blood (hematuria). Pulse and blood pressure within the normal range. The patient was carried out overview radiography of the kidneys and excretory urography with C / in the introduction of an X-ray-contrast substance.

DS. Closed subcapsular rupture of the right kidney.

RUNISA RENIS DEXTRI CLAUSA SUBCAPSULARIS.

The victim received a knife in the zone area during the fight. Worried pain at the injury. In the lumbar region to the left of the spine at 5 cm below 12 of the ribs there is a bean-cut wound with a length of about 2 cm. From the wound intensive bleeding. Macro Hematuria. In the bloody discharge from the wound of urine. The general condition is satisfactory.

DS. Koloto-cut wound of the lumbar region with damage to the left kidney.

Vulnus Punctoincisivum Regionis Lumbalis Cum Laesione Traumatica Renis Sinistri.

Genital Organs - Organa Genitalia

Woman 35 years old Husband hit his foot in the pubic area. The victim appealed to the trauma in 2 days after injury. Complains the pain in the place of the bruise. Objectively: the pubic area and the rightmost floor of the edema. The subcutaneous hematoma is determined by the bug-blue color. In the thickness of bruised fabrics, blood flushes. Bones pelvis to the touch are intact. Urination is normal, blood in the urine is not. The function of the lower limbs is preserved in full.

DS. The bruise of external genital organs.

Contusio Organorum Genitaliorum Externorum.

Hip - Femur.

The young man received a knife injury of the right hip. The victim lies on the right side, under him a puddle of blood. Pale face, pulse frequent, weak filling. Consciousness is saved. On the front surface of the right hip just below the groin fold, there is a crushing-cut wound, from which the pulsating jesters is thrown out of the blood.

DS. Koloto-cut wound of the right hip with arterial bleeding.

Vulnus Punctoincisivum Formoris Dextri Cum Haemorrhagia ARTERIALE.

Male 47 years old. Complaints of pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe wound, heat in the body.

According to the patient, about a day ago damaged his leg about the wooden leg of the chair. The wound did not proceed. Today there were pain in the wound and heat in the body. From his words, almost every day (except today) consumes alcohol. He suffers from epilepsy. Treatment about epilepsy does not receive. Working hell does not know. Within 10 years, the tetanus was not vaccinated. Vulnus Infectiosum Tertiae Inferioris Femoris Sinistri. Knee, Genu - Genu, Crus

An elderly woman with a fall received a knee injury. Worried pain in the knee joint. The right knee joint is increased in volume, its contours are smoothed. During palpation, the fluid is determined, the patella is running when pressed. The movements of the right knee joint are somewhat limited and painful. The foot is in a semi-bent position.

DS. Bruise, hemarthrosis of the right knee joint.

Contusio, Haemarthrosis Articulationis Genus Dextrae.

A 20-year-old man was injured in a freestyle wrestling training. The partner pressed him a foot straightened in his right knee joint with his body. The blow fell along the inner side of the joint. The victim appealed a day into the trauma with complaints of pain in the area of \u200b\u200binjury and instability in the knee joint when walking.

Objectively. The right knee joint edema, the contours are smoothed, from the inside, the bruises are visible, the palpation of the inner satellite of the thigh is painful. When straightening the leg in the knee joint, there is an excessive deviation of the shin of the bed and the volume of its outdoor rotation is significantly increased. Flexing and extension in the knee joint is not limited.

DS. Breaking the inner side ligament of the right knee joint.

RUNUTURA LIGAMENTI COLLATERIS TIBIALIS ARTICULATIONISIS GENUS DEXTRAE.

In competitions to combat young men, there was a sharp "re-exchange" in the knee joint. As a result, something cried in the knee joint, and severe pain appeared. The victim for help did not appeal, binting the knee with an elastic bandage. After 5 days, he turned into a traumatological department. Worried instability in the left knee joint when walking. Lifted by the stairs. The patient cannot sit on his left leg. Inspection of the left knee joint revealed excessive swelling of the shin when extending its shock in relation to the hip (symptom of the "front drawer"). At the same time, the foot was bent at right angles in the knee joint and relaxed. On the radiograph, the fracture is not detected.

DS. Rip the front cruciform ligament of the left knee joint.

Ruptura Ligamenti Cruciati Anterii Articulationis Genus Sinistrae.

The man, rubbing the floor with a brush, put on the right foot, turned sharply by the case with a fixed leg. After that, he felt a sharp pain in the right knee joint. Worried with the pain in the knee joint, increasing on the descent with the stairs. In case of inspection, the right knee joint edema, hemarthrosis. The complete extension of the knee joint is impossible, since pain appears in his depth. When taking the joint, local pain at the level of the articular gap between the ligaments of the patella and the inner side ligament of the knee joint is noted. With flexor-extensive movements, clicking sound is heard in the damaged joint. On the radiograph of the knee joint is no bone damage. In the history of psoriasis for many years. The usual hell 130/80 mm

Objectively: satisfactory condition. Consciousness is clear. Hell 140/80 mm. RT Art.

Heart rate \u003d 90 per minute. On the left leg in the lower third - a bandage bandage impregnated with blood, above the bandage - rubber harness. The skin of the foot is shiny. On the skin of the limbs and torso - psoriatic plaques from 0.5 to 1.5 cm, in places merging. After removing the harness and the dressings from a small wound on the inner surface of the tibia of a thin flowing flows dark blood.

DS.Venous bleeding from the left leg.

Haemorrhagia Venosa Ex CRURE SINISTRO.

Help. An aseptic gulling bandage bandage is applied. Transportation to the surgical department.

Ankle, Stop - Articulatio Talocruralis, PES

During the walk, the victim pulled to the leg (the high heel fell into crewing, and the right stop turned over inward). There appeared pain in the field of outdoor ankle. The victim appealed to the trauma. In case of inspection, the right-hand of ankle joint is swelling on the outer surface of the foot and below the outer ankle. It also notes pain in palpation. The movements in the ankle joint are preserved in full, painful. Palpation of outdoor ankle is painless.

DS. Stretching of the outer side ligament of the right ankle joint.

Distorsio Ligamenti Talofibularis Anterii Dextri.

CONSIDERATION OF THE ARTICLE: ClassList.Toggle () "\u003e Expand

With cut wounds, every person faces doubt and it happens not once. The point here is not only in various criminal situations and household "clarifications of relationships", such injuries of various depths and sizes are most often obtained in everyday life, when performing everyday affairs, for example, in the process of cooking, when washing dishes.

Causes of wounds

The cutting wound always occurs when skin damage and layers of tissue with cutting objects, for example, a knife, sharp edge of any metal surface or plastic, glass fragments, a razor, a medical scalpel. Such injuries accompany a person throughout the childhood.

Children often get different cuts, playing on the street or in the house, taking sharp objects into the hands, actively knowing the world around.

Adults are faced with such wounds in everyday life, when doing homework, when cooking food, careless handling of acute objects, not compliance with safety in various industries.

Often, cut wounds appear due to various criminal incidents. At the same time, if ordinary household wounds are usually single, then criminal in most cases are multiple.

Signs of cutting wounds

Since the wound occurs with a sliding effect of an acute cutting subject, then the damage has the direction of direct lines, while the wounds acquire a spind-shaped form.

As a rule, the cutting wounds the damage length prevails over width of the wound and its depth, but in some cases the situation may be inverse.

The distinctive characteristic of the cutting wound is that the cross section of such waters is wedge-shaped, that is, the depth of its edges is always less than in the central part.

The edges of such wounds are almost always native, smoothAt the same time, there is also quite abundant, since the damage affects the many small vessels at the same time. Straightness, or rather, its degree, always depends on the specific form of the cutting subject, as well as from the moment in which direction it moves in relation to the damaged tissues.

If the cut is on the part of the body having a rounding, then its line may be not only linear, but also arcuate. If the cut is localized on leather, having folds or multiple wrinkles, its edges may be zigzag. The direction of the cut may change, but it is usually happening if the cutting object ran into tissues with the bone.

First aid

The first assistance in cutting first cases includes the conduct of disinfection of injury, flushing with its flowing water, and after that hydrogen peroxide or antiseptic solution, additionally, processing the edge of the cut wound with the same solution using a cotton disk.

Special attention in the provision of first aid in case of obtaining a cut wound should be given to stop bleeding, which in most cases is quite abundant, and therefore can lead to tangible blood loss.

In the presence of a limb when the flowing blood has a bright scarlet color and leaves the wound with a pulsating jet, necessary. For this, the limb on which damage is located should be bent in the joint, after which it is harvested slightly above the place of injury.

If the flowing blood has a dark, almost burgundy color, then the harness is superimposed below the scene of the core, if it is located below the heart level.

If cut injuries are located on the torso or face, the wound must be tamped, Pulling the damaged vessels with a finger. To carry out tamponads, the napkins of gauze or sterile bandage should be used, as well as dense balls from the wool, taped gauze into several layers. You can attach an ice or other source of cold to the place of cut, it also contributes to the bleeding.

If the cut is small, then bleeding stops a rather quickly natural physiological way when you apply a conventional dense dressing or a vapor napkin, a tight attached plaster.

At the same time, before overlaying the dressing, the cut wound should be processed, having disinfection of hydrogen peroxide or by any antiseptic solution.

Additionally, to prevent possible infection, the skin around the cut wound can be processed at home with a solution of greenflaw or iodine.

Since large cut wounds, as well as cuts, small, but having a serious depth, are subject to mandatory sewing, after conducting first aid procedures, you should immediately contact the clinic.

Similar articles

Treatment of cutting Ran.

Small cutting wounds, the dimensions of which do not exceed 0.5 cm in width and 1.5 cm in length can be treated independently by performing correctly the procedures for first aid and conducting timely processing and shifting of the dressings with the overlap of ointments. Larger wounds require mandatory medical care and seams.

To stop bleeding in the clinic, a special apparatus is used, called an electrocoagulator, with which the bleeding vessels are performed.

If the case of cut wounds is particularly heavy and large vessels are damaged, then the doctor can impose ligatures on them (special seams).

After cleaning against contamination, processing the cut wound and the nearby area of \u200b\u200bthe skin, the antiseptic solutions or hydrogen peroxide, the stopping of bleeding is carried out sewing core by overlaying seams. Do not give up this measure, even if the length of the cut is just a little more than 2 - 3 cm.

It is important to remember that the sewing cut wound heals much faster than the one on which the seams are superimposed.

On average, if after sewing the wound healing time is about a week, and complete recovery requires 2 to 4 weeks, depending on the depth of the cut, its size and the occurrence of complications, then an unimpressed cut will be delayed for several months.

In this case, the wound can occur periodically, the bleeding will begin again, and this will significantly increase the timing of healing of injury.

If the rate of injury at the time of appeal to the doctor is more than a day, then it will not be sewn. In this case, the injury obtained is cleaned, inspection, washing, and in some cases, the drainage tube is installed, after which it is tension and the bodging fixation. Treating such wounds only by re-tensioning with regular washing and treatments.

A patient with strata injury is appointed and an obligatory course of antibiotics and analgesic instruments of analgesic class. In this case, the treatment time until the moment of complete recovery will depend not only on the size and depth of the cut, but also other features of injury, as well as the severity of the existing purulent-inflammatory process, which is an indispensable companion of similar injuries.

In some cases, in particular, when obtaining particularly complex injuries, which occurs damage to vessels, nerves or tendons, a planned operation is assigned to restore such damage, but it is usually carried out, as a rule, after the resulting wound will be fully linored.

If any internal organs were damaged when receiving a cut wound, an urgent operation is carried out to preserve organs, and the volume of surveillance of surgeons will depend on the degree of damage and destruction. In some cases, in addition to the embedding of the damaged organ, a partial resection is carried out if there is a need for this.

After the seams are applied, the treatment of the wound is to regularly change the dressings, carrying out the processing of damage and the surrounding skin, as well as the imposition of special ointments that are not only accelerating the processes of regeneration, but also providing a local anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anesthetic effect.

The choice of drugs used in most cases is carried out by the doctor, while the features of the condition of the core and the patient are taken into account.

Most often in hospitals to accelerate the processes of cleansing wounds from pus and their healing, the ointment of Vishnevsky, which, when applied, contributes to the activation of the inflammatory process and the formation of pus, due to which the wound is cleared and heals. But other effective means can be appointed.

Preparations and ointments for healing cuts

The purpose of the use of ointments and other means for healing wounds is not only in reducing the period for the restoration of damaged tissues, but also to provide an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect to eliminate (prevent) the purulent process. Therefore, the ointment should solve several tasks at once.

Most often for the healing of cutting wounds and the cuts of the doctor, it is recommended to use solk sectorproduced in two forms. Salcossuril gel is designed for applying fresh cuts. It is not only able to cope with many types of pathogenic microorganisms of various categories, but also have a cooling and pain relief effect, which also has a significant value.

Ointment Salcossuril is usually used in the second stage of treatment, when a fresh wound has already been dragged over and a crust formed on top. Mazi application stimulates the production of new collagen fibers, which significantly speeds up the regeneration of tissues and their recovery.

Often, the doctor is prescribed and the drug Aktovegin, which is an analogue of solkosaryl, and also produced in the form of gel and ointment. The essence of the use of this tool, as its action, are similar to the solkoeril.

Another fairly famous ointment is levomecol,often used for the treatment of a variety of wounds with an active purulent process, as well as boils, burns of varying degrees and all kinds of cuts, including after surgical operations.

As a rule, this ointment is available in the office of each surgeon and in almost every clinic, as well as the ointment of Vishnevsky, since its application allows you to treat wounds and eliminate purulent education at the entire depth of the damage.