Complex or not an operation on the umbilical hernia. Symptoms of umbilical hernia

Basic hernia in adults never passes alone. The muscle defect of the front wall of the belly should be sewed surgically to avoid such health consequences as intestinal obstruction, necrosis fabrics and peritonitis. IN childhood Perhaps self-sustaining problems as the body grows, physical education, so doctors watch the child and make a decision at the age of the patient 5 - 6 years. Then you need only an operation. It is better to do it before, because immunity in children above and negative consequences are extremely rare - complications are found in 1% of the cases of operational intervention. And vice versa, the older the patient, the greater the likelihood that the operation will pass with complications.

Indications for the operation to remove the umbilical hernia

The roots of the disease are in childhood. Typically, this is a wide hanzhe gate due to slow bumping rings. This problem with age does not disappear and the adult risks to get the infringement of the intestinal loops, which fall into the empty space under the navel.

The hernia may arise in women after the birth of children due to the stretching of the muscles of the peritoneum. In this case, that a person continue to live a full-fledged life, you need to hold a short, non-hazardous for life a minimally invasive operation on the break of a round muscle located around the umbilical nodule.

In the emergence of umbilical hernia in adults play the role of predisposing factors and directly causes that lead to the manifestation of the disease. To producing factors include:

• Kind of activity. It is believed that professions associated with severe physical work weaken the body and greatly load the muscles of the abdominal press. These are movers, athletes-security forces, red-playing musicians.
• Constipation associated with hormonal problems or irregular nutrition. Stagnation in the intestines leads to pressure on the walls of the intestine and its protrusion through the hernia.
• Chronic long cough.

The predisposing reasons include:

• muscle weakness due to limited mobility;
• congenital fabric defects, dysplasia;
• wide poucher ring.

Many people are afraid of operations, although there are many ways to interfere with the minimum, and the patient has been prescribed home in the shortest possible time. To convince patients, the surgeon should explain - hernia over the years does not pass, it becomes only worse. Herry Gate due to age features The body is expanded, therefore even the stomach can enter the empty space, and when the intestine loop is infrained, peritonitis and long-term treatment is possible.

Indications for surgical treatment are:

• Arising periodically infringement. It is better when the operation is done until the first loss of intestinal loops through the umbilical hole.
• The disease prevents working, although the rest does not bother.
• It is no longer possible to fix your hernia.
• Infringement and intestinal obstruction when the operations are no longer avoided.

The duration of the operation to remove the umbilical hernia in adults about 1 hour. It is carried out under local or general anesthesia - at the request of the patient. In specialized clinics, you can choose a way to carry out a surgical operation and a doctor. Rehabilitation and its duration will depend on how hernioplasty was carried out.

Contraindications to the operation

Contraindications to hernioplasty is both a very small age age of the patient and advanced. If the doctor has concluded that after surgery, the health and overall human well-being can deteriorate sharply, it is better to choose a different treatment method. Todders under 6 years old have a chance that the body will develop and can cope with the problem.

In addition to age contraindications:

• severe chronic diseases of the kidneys or liver, resulting in lack of functions;
• cardiac violations, in which the use of anesthesia is impossible;
• incurable diseases - cancer, recently transferred hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, heart attack;
• divided metabolism - diabetes;
• the infectious process in the acute stage - the operation is postponed until complete recovery;
• the second half of the pregnancy, provided that the operation threatens the status of a woman more than hernia itself.

The question of conducting surgical intervention, as well as its method and the choice of anesthesia is solved individually with each patient, depending on the state of his health at the time of the examination.

Preparation for the operation

If it is decided to operate the patient, it is examined by an ultrasound or MRI, and also conduct several laboratory blood tests, urine and feces. It is important to eliminate the presence of a human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis, syphilis - this will complicate the course of the disease and reduce the result of postoperative rehabilitation.

Women must necessarily pass at the gynecologist to identify possible foci of infection or inflammation in the organs of a small pelvis. It can provoke adhesions. In case of detection of problems, the patient undergoes treatment, for which the operation is postponed.

condition of cardio-vascular system Determine the ECG. Immediately before the operation, patients are recommended for some time to eat correctly - eliminate products that enhance gas formation, fat, smoked. It is important not to overeat, on the contrary, to reduce the load on the digestive tract so that the body is easier to change the operation. During the day, it is advisable to rummate.

2 hours before surgery, it is impossible to drink water.

Species and features

Almedy minimally invasive techniques conducted under local anesthesia and classic - under general anesthesia. Classic belongs:

• Surfing the umbilical hernia using a sapezhko. It is carried out under general anesthesia. Access to the hernia bag is carried out through a vertical section in the center. After the contents of the contents of the bag in place are excised and shed. For large sizes of hernia, it is possible to remove the navel. Patients with great weight do simply remove excess fat.
• According to the method of the lexer, an incision is made by semicircular under the navel. After examining the hernia bag and its contents, the above manipulations are carried out, only the seam in this case makes all the tissues to the center. Lastly, the skin is invented.
• Meernioplasty Meio involves dissection of tissues around the hernia bag on both sides. Then there is a stitching with two rows of seams.

After classical operations, the rehabilitation period lasts about 3 months, and the restriction of physical exertion lasts up to a year.

Laparoscopic embedding of the umbilical hernia

The use of laparoscope for domestic operations allows to reduce the period of rehabilitation. Optical tool is introduced before embeding hernia to the cavity, allowing the process to monitor the computer on the computer monitor, as well as several surgical instruments. The method is shown in cases where, according to the patient's health status, it is impossible to operate in a classic way. If the hernia is closed with a grid, it is also injected inside through a special tube. The advantage of the synthetic grid is that with its help you can close the biggest hernia. Over time, the mesh is covered with a connective tissue and prevents the bodies of the organs through the hole.

Repeated cases of infringement were not observed. Unsewives or titanium plates are used to hold the implant.

Possible complications and consequences

Complications after surgery occur more often in a classic invasive method. Most cases are older patients or people with weakened immunity.

During the recovery period, the following symptoms may be observed:

• Infection of the wound and the spread of bacteria throughout the body. Prevention shows the reception of antibiotics for 7 days. If the body is strongly weakened chronic diseases, perhaps the symptoms of peritonitis - cold sweat, general weakness, nausea or vomiting, increase body temperature. In this case, they make a re-operation and washed with disinfectant disinfecting.
• Bleeding during surgery or in the postoperative period. It is observed in patients who had problems with blood coagulation. One of the signs of internal bleeding is a decrease in blood pressure, which is why the patient may lose consciousness. Blood-link drugs intravenously.
• Allergic reactions to the installation of the implant. Manifest in the form of edema. Over time, the body gets used to, but at the time of rehabilitation requires the reception of antiallergic drugs.
• Disorders of the sensitivity of individual stomach areas. It happens due to the fact that during surgery surgeons, nerve endings are excised.
• Intestinal obstruction can occur in the postoperative period due to changes in the position of the thin and large intestine. To reduce the risk, it is necessary to gradually introduce products to the diet, observing the diet. Some people may need preparations for amplifying motility.

In order for after surgical intervention, the patient is faster recovered, a motor activity is needed upon the expiration of the day. It is recommended to get up and sit so that the lungs and all tissues have received enough oxygen. Depending on the age, the postoperative patient is recommended to get up for 3 days and we begin to walk gradually.

Rehabilitation period: deadlines and measures

Resort Collage Made Of Some Beautiful Pictures

To prevent the re-appearance of the umbilical hernia, it is necessary to properly conduct rehabilitation activities. For six months, the patient must wear a bandage that prevents the abdominal wall tension, especially in the first week after the operation.

Effective assistance is provided breathing exercises. One of them is inhaling air through the nose in full force and slow exhalation through the mouth. First, the whole body is enriched with oxygen, secondly, there is a smooth strengthening of the abdominal press muscles.

For people with a weakened immunity, it is important to include in the diet of vitamins. It should be preferred to monopreparations, or complexes that are well absorbed. Some combinations of vitamins do not bear good, as they eliminate the action of each other.

If there are constipation after surgery, it is necessary to choose a laxative. It is desirable on a natural basis so that there is no addiction. While the organs will be used to new location, drugs will help to establish a defecation process.

Cost of operation

The cost of hernioplasty umbilical hernia depends on several factors. IN private clinic This type of surgical intervention will cost more, but also the choice there is more. Classic methods are usually cheaper, laparoscopic - more expensive. This is due to the fact that the laparoscope requires a doctor of certain skills, there is no always such equipment in small district hospitals.

Perhaps additional costs will be required in the postoperative period, as a person is weakened. The approximate price can be clarified by a doctor or patients who have passed a full course of treatment and recovery.

Underfloor hernia is a disease in which the organs are protruding through an extended umbilical ring. The most effective and effective method of therapy is operational intervention, the risk of recurrence of hernia in which the minimum. Therefore, to avoid complications associated with the infringement of organs, it is necessary to contact the surgeon in a timely manner.

General information about umbilical hernias

More often hernia is found acquired, less often innate. For navel hernia, rapid progression and an increase in size is characterized, especially if the Doctor's recommendations are not complied with. The size of the hernia can vary from one to several tens of centimeters, the diameter of the jewel bag exceeds the diameter of the gate. Therefore, for this type of hernia, it is characterized by frequent infringement of the contents and obstruction of the intestine, and these states are already indications of emergency hernioplasty.

Often, the hernia is accompanied by stretched thinned muscles and aponeurosis, muscle diastasis. The herniated bag itself is surrounded by thinned fabrics. If the hernia occurred repeatedly, there may be spikes and partitions inside the bag, which also contribute to pinching organs.

Underfloor hernia, in addition to visible protrusion, is accompanied by pain, increasing when moving, nausea.

Causes of appearance

Pup region is not covered with muscles, so it is a weak place. Factors promoting the stretching of the umbilical ring and the formation of a hernia bag are as follows:

• Defects of the umbilical ring
• Injuries
• Increased intra-abdominal pressure
  • Excess loads
  • Strong continuous cough
  • Pregnancy and childbirth
  • constipation
  • overweight.

Diagnostic methods

The first diagnostic criterion is the visual inspection of the doctor and the palpation of hernia. The doctor can determine the involvement of the organs in the hernia, the diameter of the umbilical ring, the returnability of hernia, soreness and tension. Next, the surgeon can prescribe a radiograph of the stomach and intestines with contrasting, FGDS, ultrasound, genemography.

Uzi describes the size of the hernia, the organs within and the presence of the adhesive process.

Herniography - the introduction of contrast into the abdominal cavity and tracking its runoff in the hernia.

Computer tomography confirms the diagnosis if the doctor has doubts after the surveys conducted.

Types of operations

Currently, several methods of operational treatment of umbilical hernia are known, they are presented in the table.

Type of operation	Description
MEYO	The patient under general anesthesia makes several cuts, divide the fiber from connective tissue. The shelf's bag is cut, the organs are transferred to the abdominal cavity. After that, the bag is stolen, cut aponeurosis sewn.
On sapezhko	From MEYO method is distinguished by layer-by-layer crosslinking. Does not suit people with obesity.
Bassini	The hernial hole is tightened by the abdominal muscles. Conduct is possible with small hernias. Muscles should not be stretched.
In Lexer	Used with continuity navel and hernial bag. Examine the bag and layers lay the seams.
In Krasnobayev	The method is used when operating children. The hernce gate is eliminated due to subcutaneous fiber.

The above methods relate to the stretch, are currently applied rarely. With these operations, the navel can be removed. The recovery period is enough long, the patient is at risk of complications and relapses.

The average duration of the operation is from 30 minutes to 2 hours.

What are the grids for hernioplasty

Mesh implants apply quite often, their advantage in high efficiency and a small probability of complications. There are several varieties of grids that differ in manufacturing material and price:

• The absorbing implant from polyglycolic acid is a high-strength implant, which is completely absorbed in 4 months after installation. At the place of the grid there are connective tissues formed at the site of the implant.
• Partially resorvating on the basis of polypropylene - a connecting tissue is also formed around the implant, but the polypropylene grid remains in place, excluding the recurrence of hernia. For this species, the low probability of an allergic and inflammatory response is characteristic.
• Non-absorbable implants (polypropylene, teflon or polyester) - for a long time remain unchanged, not allergic. Not susceptible to hydrolysis and biodegradation.
• PHS-System: Three-layer implant, whose layers are located at different levels. The positive quality of this system is that less suture material is required, healing occurs quickly and relatively painlessly.

All modern materials are distinguished by hypoallergenicity, low toxicity, resistance to infectious agents, elasticity.

Options anesthesia

In the henioplasty of the umbilical hernia, three types of anesthesia are permissible - local, epidural and general.

Local anesthesia

it is used in patients of young age, while the fatty fiber must be rigorously developed, and hernia proceeds without complications. In addition to this category of people, local anesthesia is necessary for older patients for whom other ways are dangerous to health. This type of anesthesia is a layered injection infiltration. The patient is in consciousness, but absolutely not sensitive in an inhibitory zone.

Epidural anesthesia

perhaps with uncomplicated umbilical hernias. Anesthesiologist introduces drugs between the vertebrae at a certain level, while the sensitivity of the lower half of the abdomen is turned off and below.

General anesthesia

it is used in large hernias, reducing the hernia bag, coprostase and the impossibility of conducting another anesthesia method.

With laparoscopic hernioplasty, combined anesthesia with artificial lung ventilation is used.

Preparation for the operation

Before the hernias, the patient must be examined. The survey includes the following tests:

• Common blood test,
• Blood biochemistry
• General urine analysis,
• Coagulogram
• Blood on HIV, hepatitis and syphilis,
• ECG.

To the doctor to understand the degree of immersion of the organs abdominal cavity In a stretched ring, you need to visualize content using ultrasound.

The day before the operation, the patient eats for the last time at 18:00 and takes a shower. If necessary, the medical staff can offer the enema and shave the hair on the operated area.

Indications and contraindications

Basic hernia sooner or later must be operated on, but most of the patients expect a planned operation. There are several situations where a person needs emergency surgery:

• If there are signs of the infringement of hernia: an increase in local temperature and body temperature, pain in the zone of the hernial protrusion, hernia does not fail, becomes tense and solid;
• Under the obstruction of the intestine due to infringement: the patient has a violation of digestion in the form of constipation and, possibly vomiting, a strong pain may appear.

There are a number of concomitant diseases or states in which herniation cannot be performed:

• Pregnancy and first months of lactation;
• sharp infectious diseases;
• oncology;
• Heavy chronic diseases organs and systems;
• age less than 5 years (except in innocent hernia) and more than 70 years;
• Decompensated diabetes.

Video

This video will help independently detect the umbilical hernia. The doctor describes in detail the symptoms of the disease and tells what to do if the signs of this disease are found.

Cost of operation and related services

The table shows the average prices in Russia on the listed medical events.

The difference between the operation in children

In children under five years old, naughty hernias are closed independently, operational intervention at that age is needed when increasing and loose-sized hernias. If the child is already 6 or more years, the treatment option is one - the operation.

It is important not to miss the complicated state of the umbilical hernia - when painful, the child appears, the child whimshes and crying, does not allow to touch the stomach, right up to pain. In this case, it is necessary to immediately contact the medical institution.

The child's operation passes as follows: the surgeon produces a cut below the navel, the internal organs is played, excised and stitches the hernia. The seams are superimposed with cosmetic. The time operation takes no more than 40 minutes.

The recovery period is short - after 2 hours the kid can already get up, drink and eat. The next day, the child is discharged from the surgical hospital, after a week they remove the bandage.

Recovery after surgery

After removing the dressings or operating seams, the recovery period begins, which lasts several months. Rehabilitation is individual, takes different amounts of time, but it is required to fulfill. In case of non-compliance with the recommendations, the risk of re-sheroke increases sharply.

Diet

In the first two days after the operation, you can only eat liquid food - broths, decoctions, compotes. In the following days, the eggs, vegetables, cereals are allowed during the week. Food must be fluttered or crushed.

The patient's menu is gradually expanding every day new dishes are introduced daily, but we cannot forget the general recommendations:

• take food often, in small portions;
• It is categorically impossible alcohol, smoked foods, strong coffee, carbonated drinks, fast food;
• less consuming fat equal milk products;
• Eating fruits and vegetables daily, one or twice a day soup.

Bandage

Bandage should be worn 1-2 months, by appointing a doctor. He is removed for the time of sleep or rest. With daily activities in a vertical position or sitting, the bandage must be dressed. Wearing time is also determined by the doctor, since its long-term use will weaken the muscles.

Physical church

The attending physician may assign:

• massotherapy;
• Hirudotherapy;
• electrophoresis;
• Tocotherapy.

LFK

Therapeutic gymnastics should be carried out when the patient disappears pain and the operating ruler has already formed. The purpose of the exercises is to strengthen the groups of abdominal muscles, buttocks and backs. In addition to special movements, you need to perform morning exercises for 20 minutes.

Note!

When recovering after surgery, physical exercises should not cause pain and discomfort. Do not take strength, do not overstrain, do not dilute, as it is dangerous recurrent or discrepancy of the seams.

Postoperative complications

Like any operation, hernioplasty cannot exclude complications after the operation. They appear more often when the operation was not fulfilled on the planned, and the patient came asleep with signs of infringement. Complications can be divided into two groups:

• Early complications
  • inflammation of the operating room, seroma,
  • temperature,
  • hematoma,
  • Narcosis-associated violations of organs,
  • intestinal obstruction.
• Late complications
  • obstruction associated with spikes
  • In men - infertility, dropsy,
  • recurrence of hernia
  • Postoperative neuralgia (tingling and reduced sensitivity).

The reasons of complications are excessive physical activity, diet violation and constipation, not the use of a bandage, cough.

When an umbilical hernia appears, you need to immediately seek medical care, without waiting for the development of complications. New methods for carrying out operations in a short time will help to get rid of the problem, reducing the risk of re-jewy protrusion to a minimum.

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When a patient with an umbilical hernia is drawn to the hospital, then it is most often recommended to remove it, through operational intervention. But many are afraid and pull until the latter, hoping that everything will resolve itself. In fact, to get rid of fear and excitement will help knowledge about what is an umbilical hernia in adults, reviews about the operation, information about , where she appears, why it is necessary to do it and than dangerous delay.

What is the umbilical hernia

Normally, in a place where tendon and muscle fibers come into contact, they are closely intertwined, but sometimes in the field of the navel, due to some reasons, they do not fit close to each other, and then the umbilical ring relaxes and increases. A peculiar hernial gates are obtained, which make it possible to bother the abdominal cavity organs under the inner pressure, forming an umbilical hernia. This is usually part of the intestine. They are located in the peristine shell.

At the beginning of the disease, the umbilical hernia is still small and easily flowed inside, but gradually, as a result of the adhesive process, the hernial bag is spliced \u200b\u200bwith the fabrics adjacent to it, and it is no longer possible into the hernia. Yes, and over time, the umbilical ring can expand so much that a stomach can get into the hernia.

Symptoms, treatment

When hernia is small, it is not particularly disturbing. Of course, sometimes there are unpleasant feelings, but they clearly do not affect the quality of life, and a small increase in the navel does not frighten, especially men.

Gradually develops herriation becomes increasingly harder, pains with long standing, cough, physical exertion.

Later, if the treatment was not conducted, the patient begins to disturb constipation, difficulties with urination, frequent nausea, can arise vomiting. This stage is fraught with dangerous complications, and it is not worth pulling with a visit to the surgeon.

The doctor is likely to offer an operation, since alternatives simply do not exist, although many hope that by making herrogeh, they will get rid of her forever. But it is impossible, and only a surgeon can eliminate her.

Maybe there can be a bubble hernia in adults. Reviews of this disease are diverse. Those who have not reached big sizes and does not particularly worry, is optimistic. But some patients complain about periodically emerging unbearable pains, eliminate which even strong painkillers are unable.

Causes of umbilical hernia

Most often, this disease develops due to the weakening of the front wall of the peritoneum and the umbilical ring. Another factor is a strong pressure from the inside when both reasons are present, the hernia is developing quickly, and the situation is considered dangerous and needs early treatment.

The reasons why the umbilical ring can relax, the following:

• Lack of physical exertion and muscle weakness.
• Features of connective tissue from birth.
• Excessive fullness.
• Fast weight loss.
• Pregnancy (most often develops at late childbirth).
• Spikes I.
• Belly injuries.

Increased intrauterine pressure is due to:

• Births accompanied by complications.
• Large physical exercise.
• Frequent constipation.
• Long, tense cough.

Diagnostics

Usually the presence of a disease surgeon diagnoses rather quickly. Symptoms are pronounced pronounced. The doctor polls the patient and finds out whether there are pain in the abdomen during cough, physical exertion. Inspecting the patient, he finds out whether the bubble ring is expanded. It will prescribe a stomach, duodenal radiography, an ultrasound study of the protrusion, gastroscopy to establish more detailed information. Appoints germiniography - this introduction to the abdominal cavity of a contrast agent, which will allow to explore the hernia.

When a suspicion is suspicion that the umbilical hernia appeared - in adults - symptoms, the treatment determines only the doctor, otherwise it is possible to confuse it with another, no less, and maybe even more serious illness.

Basic hernia and pregnancy

With a gradual increase in the uterus, intra-abdominal pressure increases, so the umbilical hernia - the phenomenon in pregnant women is quite frequent. But surgery is usually not required, since the disease occurs quite calmly. This is because the increase in pressure occurs gradually, and the uterus, which is between the gate of the hernial bag and organs, prevents their strong fallout.

Moreover, the surgery during pregnancy negatively affects it. Therefore, the doctor recommends the wearing of compression linen and bandage. They are impelled under his leadership.

The same doctor will observe the patient and after childbirth and will determine the period of operation. This usually happens when the abdominal muscles are restored after stretching, like the whole body of a woman.

Some women who during pregnancy were diagnosed with umbilical hernia (in adults), reviews about the operations leave the most positive . Some surgeon at their request eliminated small cosmetic disadvantages associated with having a child. And the operations are carried out by gentle methods and do not leave ugly scars and traces on the body, which is most important for a woman.

Possible complications

Exacerbations may arise on any appearance of hernia. Her infringement is most dangerous when circulatory disruption occurs, and the organ tissue is starting to die. Usually it happens in the elderly, as the conditions for this develop on increasing during life.

There may begin inflammation of the body that fell into the hernia bag, often it is a bowel loop or a gland. At the same time, part of the peritoneum falls there, which can contribute to the rapid development of peritonitis.

Usually complications are provoked by the raising of heavy items or significant physical exertion. But it happens that even laughter, cough or sneezing can serve as a reason for pinching. Disruption of defecation can promote pressure on the hernia and serve as a reason for inflammation.

Symptoms of its infringement:

• It feels a sharp pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe umbilical ring.
• It is impossible to enhance the hernia in the abdominal cavity, if before it happened quite easily.
• The hernia bag becomes hot and tense.
• With strong inflammation, general inxication occurs, accompanied by headache, nausea, vomiting, fragmentation in the joints and lower back, increasing temperature.
• When pincing the intestinal loop symptoms as with intestinal obstruction.

If these signs appeared, the immediate appeal to the doctor is completely justified.

Operation to remove hernia

The operation to remove the umbilical hernia is called hernioplasty, during its holding the organs return to the abdominal cavity, and the hernia doors are strengthened so that the disease does not returned again.

It is better to perform it when the hernia has not yet reached large sizes. Then the complications will be less, and the rehabilitation period passes without problems. With this agree and those who have been diagnosed with a poodure hernia. In adults, reviews about the operations just confirm this opinion: everyone who went to the hospital on time, they say that they feel great and repeatedly did not happen.

Operational intervention is contraindicated in complex diseases of the heart, chronic pathologies, acute infections and pregnancy.

From how proceeds clinical pictureDepends on the choice of techniques for the operation. Plastic of the hernia gate can pass with the involvement of the patient's tissues, and sometimes synthetic implants are used in the form of a mesh. Endoprosthesis is used when the hernia gate is significantly expanded, and the umbilical ring is strongly weakened. Usually this method justifies itself, and postoperative recurrences does not occur.

The lack of the classic method of hernioplasty is a long period of recovery, the duration of it can reach up to the year, in case the hernia has been large or infringement.

What does the umbilical hernia look like in adults after surgery? The photo below demonstrates how well the hernioplasty was conducted and what the stomach looks like, if the appeal to the doctor was timely.

If the operation is planned, and the hernia is small, then the doctor can offer laparoscopy. In this case, cuts are not produced, and everything happens with several punctures. This method is relatively young and fairly effective. The main condition - hernia should not be big.

Its advantage is that recurrences occur extremely rarely, rehabilitation is much faster than with open interventions, and the scars are practically not visible. This is due to the fact that the adjacent tissues are injured much less, the risk of postoperative adhesions is reduced.

How good is the naughty hernia in adults? Reviews After the operation is mostly positive. Almost all patients argue that during her holding, although local anesthesia was used, they were not felt special pain and even talked with a surgeon.

There are those that the disease returned again for various reasons: due to strong fright, lifting weights, cough. With repeated operation, many are solved to put endoprosthesis.

Rehabilitation

When the umbilical hernia has been removed in adults, after the operation of treatment with the future it takes place in the hospital. You can get out of bed the next day, and if everything went well, you can soon go home. When there were certain complications with infringement and inflammation, there is a need for antibiotics injections, and in the hospital will have longer.

In order for the disease not returned and significantly decreased the pressure on the weak more seams, it is recommended to wear a special bandage after surgery.

With umbilical hernia, physical exertion has a beneficial effect on recovery, but they must be moderate and correspond to the patient's condition. Walking and easy runs are permitted after two weeks. And lifting weights and training are allowed in a month, and then it must be strictly dosed loads.

Food after surgery

Attentive attitude to food requires a bubble hernia in adults after surgery. The diet should be gentle, and there are those products that lead to constipation and gas formation are contraindicated, as they can cause excessive intestinal pressure.

Fat meat, fish, smoked and marinades are those products that should be absent in the diet. These also include mushrooms, legumes, black bread, yeast dough pastry, cream, ice cream, eggs boiled by screwed.

Porridge from corn flour, millet and pearl cereals are also better not, like raisins, kuragu, seeds and nuts. Such vegetables like radish and radish, tomatoes, cabbage, onions and garlic, sweet peppers and eggplants are also harmful to preserve the integrity of the seam.

It may increase, and the amount of path masses increase significantly, if you eat many products containing fiber, and this is also needed to avoid. But at the same time, it is needed for better emptying of the intestines, so it is necessary to use it, but with caution. Bananas, peaches, apples, grapes - these fruits let them wait until the seams are removed, as well as black tea, coffee, juices, kvass and alcohol.

Of course, the diet is tough enough, but it contributes to the fastest recovery, and it is quite real. Before the removal of the seams, there should be only low-fat broths, semi-liquid vegetable rubbed soups, liquid porridges, cottage cheese, dietary meat or fish cooked for a pair, or omelet, a small amount of crackers. Drink better fastening tea and fruit-berry kisins. These uncomplicated products will help to quench hunger, and postoperative seams Will be well.

It becomes clear: when an umbilical hernia appears in adults, the operations about the operation show that the earlier treatment has begun, and in this case it is a surgeon intervention, the consequences are more predictable, and about illness with time you can simply forget forever.

When this happens, the patient urgently needs to carry out an operation to remove the umbilical hernia, otherwise the consequences will be unpleasured.

During the umbilical hernia, education is marked in the navel area, on the view resembling a tumor. Such education may become less when a person lies, but it is only a visual feature, the hernia does not disappear at the same time. To remove the umbilical hernia, you need to consult a doctor in time, such an operation must be carried out by a specialist in this area, observing all the rules and features of surgical interventions.

Symptomatics of the disease

For hernia is characterized by the following symptomatics:

• "Dumping" in the zone of the umbilical ring;
• Frequent nausea, accompanied by urges to vomiting;
• Increase the size of the umbilical ring;
• Epigastric pain occurs when coughing and physical exertion.

The root cause of this disease in the kids is the extremely slow process of the instance of the umbilical ring, for some kids it happens quickly and unnoticed, but there are exceptions. Over time, a blank, not filled space appears in such children below the zone of the umbrella. At a time, when the child, for example, cries, the muscles of the tummy begin to shrink and put pressure on the peritoneal space, so the intestinal loop begins to slightly slide, into an empty cavity. As a result, it becomes a noticeable "protrusion" navel. It often happens that the babies of the bubble hernia are formed due to long constipation and improper work of the gastrointestinal system, so it is worth paying particular attention to the nutrition of children.

Factors of formation of umbilical hernia

In adults, the umbilical hernia is formed differently, we note that a woman after 30 years suffer from this ailment. The reason is the tension of the navel during the pregnancy. If this actions is accompanied by unfavorable conditions, the umbilical ring can greatly expand, and the tissues in the circle of it - to die. Over time, the ring is inferior to the growing pressure inside the abdomen and there is already a familiar navel protrusion. It is very important at such a moment in time for qualified help to the specialists, to delay the treatment of hernia is impossible!

Diagnosis of illness

To diagnose this disease, first of all, it is recommended to undergo an inspection from a surgeon specialist, an experienced surgeon even on visual signs is capable of determining the umbilical hernia and its features. Next, the radiography of the gastrointestinal system organs should be passed. Everything else, the specialist must appoint gastroscopy and ultrasound. A number of diagnostic measures can be supplemented if the patient is assigned an operation to remove the umbilical hernia, in which case, it is necessary to pass tests, and is preparing for an operational event.

Features of the umbilical hernia

It should be noted that this ailment can be manifested in different ways, it all depends on the size of the neoplasm, the characteristics of the adhesive process, the total weight of the patient's body, as well as from the so-called, hernial gate. In addition, hernia, this is such a notch, which can be both congenital and acquired over the years. As already mentioned, both species differ among themselves by the fact that congenital hernia appears in infancy, everything else-acquired ailment.

Features of the umbilical hernia

IN medical Classification There are hernias to be played and not filtered. With unnecessary cases, the hernia pouch grows closely with the surrounding tissues. Basic hernias are minor in the amount, as a rule, do not bother the patient and do not need to operate. If there is a broad haeer gate, it is simple enough to correct such a protrusion. But if there is a rather large-size hernia and the poor in refusal, additional problems appear, such as complications of displacement of food through the intestinal system. As a result: frequent constipation, nausea, vomiting and of course pain in the epigastria.

Factors contributing to the formation of hernia:

• The lethargy navel transmitted by inheritance;
• The sluggish process of the instinction of the umbilical hole (most often in children up to 5 years);
• Overweight;
• Postoperative scars in the field of epigastria;

If you do not start on time therapeutic treatment Basic hernia, there is a high probability of collision with related complications. Do not delay the operation on the Underfloor hernia, save your health.

Complications arising during hernia

What can be encountered, without starting to treat herriation on time? To begin with, it will be a simple pinching of hernia, namely: the contents of the neoplasm are squeezed at the gate. Next, a concomitant inflammatory process is formed. Similar inflammation, often appears on a series of dysfunction in organs in the jewelry bag. And in conclusion, there is a huge likelihood of the formation of a coprostase (the so-called stagnation of cartwesters in the intestine).

Urgently need to seek urgent medical care With the symptoms of the infringement of hernia. To the doctor should apply immediately when the following symptoms appear:

• Nausea accompanied by a vomit process;
• The presence of blood clots in the cartoons;
• Lack of urges to the act of defecation;
• Acute pain in the area of \u200b\u200bPaho (in the scrotum);

Treatment of umbilical hernia in children is carried out using conservative ways. As a rule, experts are trying to strengthen the wall of the abdominal consequence of massage and special medical gymnastics. In some cases, it is used by the shephering procedure with a plaster, but this type of treatment is not suitable for everyone. The operation on the umbilical hernia in children is not needed, since with age, the umbilical ring can be reduced and closed, and only memories will remain about hernia.

Operation to remove the umbilical hernia

But in adults, the operation to remove the umbilical hernia is most often used, of course, normal treatment can also be applied, but the whole thing in Ohm, at what stage this ailment proceeds and how the patient asked for help from a specialist. The operation on the umbilical hernia can be viewed on the video on the Internet, so it will be easier for you to understand exactly how it happens.

Possible contraindications for adult operating are as follows:

• Heart disease and atrium;
• Diseases of the respiratory organs;
• Pregnancy (even in early time);
• Common diseases in complicated form;
• Exacerbations of chronic ailments;
• Severe general states;

When should I conduct an operation on hernia?

The most having time for operating, this is when it can still freely edit the abdomen. At such a time, the surgeon intervention will be minimal (sufficiently simple navel embeding). In certain situations, when the umbilical ring is greatly increased, hernioplasty is used, for its closure. But when hernia is absolutely not a neglected, the specialist carries out of the pretended adhesions, holding back in the hernial bag all the internal organs, then, he gently goes out the hernia back and then tightly sews the umbilical hole.

Operation to remove the umbilical hernia

In adults, operational intervention to remove the umbilical hernia is performed using modern technologies and techniques. A similar known procedure is plastic on the umbilical ring. This procedure is characterized as the usual right of the hernia pouch through small cuts. Next, after that, the doctor with a special implant closes the so-called hernia. The implant, it is a common grid, is performed from a special medical material that has a property freely to fit in the human body. These material is very reliable and practically completely eliminates the likelihood of the formation of postoperative umbilical hernia. Moreover, you can write from the clinic after such an operation on the umbilical hernia already the next day, if at the same time, the patient feels good.

Another modern operation to remove the umbilical hernia is laparoscopy. This newest operation will avoid trauma in the course of the procedure.

• Fast recovery period;
• Low level of traumatization of concomitant fabrics;
• Almost the complete exception of complications;

Laparoscopy, carried out by an exclusively highly professional physician, will make it very quick to get rid of the existing problem and return to the usual way of life. But it is worth noting that this type of surgical intervention has its own contraindications, it is:

• Laparoscopy does not apply to the patients who have previously transferred the abdominal operations;
• Not made to women who gave birth with cesarean sections;

If you are interested in the price of the operation of the umbilical hernia, you can clarify it in place, in the clinic in which you will undergo this procedure. Before it determines where to undergo an operation on the umbilical hernia, ask the reviews of those people who were directly operated on to a particular specialist, so it will be easier for you to configure the upcoming procedure and you will be confident in its competence.

The main stages of the removal of the umbilical hernia

This operation is carried out using local anesthesia, in extreme cases use anesthesia. Here is the actual stages of the procedure:

• Dissection of fabrics layer over a layer (for example, a special laser vehicle);
• Drying hernia - opening the hernial gate and hernia bag;
• Careful in the cavity of the abdomen of organs who left their medium;
• Removal of a hernial bag;
• Plastic and the correction of the hernial gate;
• Imposing seams on muscle tissue, subcutaneous tissue and skin;

Removal of umbilical hernia

Recovery period

If the operation passed normally and without complications, the patient remains for some time under the supervision of the doctor, namely about ten days. At this time, the specialist makes the necessary dressings and monitors the common state of the patient. Of course, after the operation on the umbilical hernia should be abandoned by physical exertion and sports. The most important in rehabilitation is the bed and the state of calm. No need to strain the walls of the abdomen with sharp movements after removing the umbilical hernia, it contributes to the contractions of the press muscle, and negatively affects the seam. Much attention is paid to the diet and diet.

Now, your body most needs to restore forces and functionality. That is why, exclude enough sharp and, of course, fried food. Immediately after operating the umbilical hernia, it is recommended to eat exclusively with liquid porridge, in order not to bring the body to stressful state. A little later, you can go to ordinary porridge, lightweight soup and broths, fresh vegetables and, of course, fruits. Proper and fractional nutrition contributes to the purification and exit of cartoons from the body, and also saturates it with the necessary vitamins. Everything else, try to drink more water, at least half liters per day. Strictly follow all the recommendations of the attending specialist and already very soon you will return to the previous state.

Abundant drink in the period

In conclusion, add that any alert is much easier to warn on time, rather than fight with the consequences after removing the umbilical hernia. Be careful to your health and do not let possible diseases on samonek.

Operation to remove the umbilical hernia in children: testimony, technology, tips for parents

At least 3% of the ceiling and 25% of dark-skinned children at heart age arise a bubbling hernia (abbreviated GHG). Among surgical pathologies (that is, diseases requiring predominantly surgery) of the children's age PG occupy second place.

In adults, the umbilical hernia is a direct indication for the operation, but the hernia navel in children is closed by more than 90% of cases.

But in some cases of surgical treatment of hernia in children not to avoid: they are operated on all children over 6 years old, and in more early age - Little patients with gigantic and disadvantaged GG.

The operation of hernias (or henioplasty) gives full cure from hernia. The probability of the development of complications is very small (less than 1%), and efficiency is approaching 100%.

In most cases, children tolerate hernioplasty quite easily.

Little Bedroom Hernia

Indications for the operation of the hernia with Umbilical hernia in children

The choice of the method of treatment is determined by a children's surgeon. Typically, the direction on hernioplasty the doctor issues in the following four cases:

(if the table is not completely visible - leaf it right)

Many doctors believe that hernias who had potential to self-esteem disappear in children under 3, a maximum of 4 years; Some authors talk about the possibility of closing PG to 6 years of age. But those and other specialists agree that in children 6 years old and older to operate the hernia navel must be necessary.

If the diameter of the hernial gate is greater than 1-1.5 centimeters, surgery It has been carried out already in 3-4 years, since the GHG of this size almost never pass independently.

If a dummy is detected in the umbilical ring, a trunk resembling a trunk hernia. The probability of her self-defense is very small, so such children operate already at the age of 1-2 years.

The main danger of GHG is that the internal organs may be damaged in the hernial gate. The infringement of the GHG and the intestinal rage (this is a compression of the intestine with full overlapping of its lumen) - acute situations requiring immediate assistance from surgeons. Fortunately, such complications are rarely found (only 1 case are wearing with this pathology). It is often infringed with small amounts of protrusion.

How to independently determine the infringement of hernia

The need for an emergency operation occurs during infringement or budgement of PG.

In both cases, the child will complain about the appearance of pain in the navel area. Often, children are moving around the room, moaning or crying pain. With feeling of protrusion over the navel, the pain will increase. Sometimes the pain is so pronounced that pain shock appears, in which it can dramatically decrease arterial pressure Up to loss of consciousness.

Infringement of umbilical bumps

Disadvantaged GHG and ragulation - situations threatening life. Deletion with the operation in these cases can lead to very difficult consequences, up to the development of peritonitis (peritoneal inflammation), pain and human death. That is why, if the child began to complain about the appearance of pain in the field of umbilical hernia, it is important to seek medical care as soon as possible.

Technique of operation

Herneoplasty can be performed in several ways. The choice of the operation tactics depends on the size of the protrusion, the presence or absence of an urgent situation, the technical capabilities of the hospital and other factors.

Typically, surgery lasts 30-40 minutes. More older children can be carried out under local anesthesia, in children younger age Performed under general anesthesia.

At first, the skin is slightly lower than the navel dishes, after which the internal organs constituting the contents of the hernia bag are inwarded (if they were not infringed).

The hernia itself, consisting of connective tissue, is cut off, and its gate is invented. The skin in the field of operation is invented by subcutaneous seams.

In the deepening of the navel, the surgeon puts a gauze ball to avoid the formation of hematoma (inner bruise), then sticks a sterile bandage. The operation is completed.

Click on photo to enlarge

How do children transfer operations to remove PG?

The need for surgical intervention is very disturbing the parents of those children who the doctor appointed the operational treatment of PG. What anesthesia is applied? How much do you need to be in the hospital? Are complications often arise? You can find out about all this by reading your parents' reviews, whose children have already passed hernioplasty.

• Herneoplasty (herniasheep) is one of the most common operations in children's surgery, its technique is well worked out.
• After the last meal in the evening, a small patient must refrain from eating to the operation itself, do not drink 2 hours before the operation.
• Local anesthesia in young children is not used, treatment is carried out under general anesthesia.
• After anesthesia, some children can observe dizziness, nausea and even vomiting in the postoperative period - to this you need to be ready, do not panic and calm the baby that it will pass soon.
• Already a few hours after treatment, a small patient is allowed to get up from bed and eat. In many clinics, extracting from the hospital has been made on the next day after treatment, often the operation does not require hospitalization at all and is carried out under polyclinic conditions.
• A week after treatment, the bandage is removed, and then the child can return to active life. The aesthetic effect in henioplasty is usually good.

Summary for parents

When the hernia appears in the baby, parents do not need to panic: usually it goes by itself during the first 3 years of life, and most often even in the first six months as the abdominal wall muscles strengthen.

Infectious complications after the operation is very rare, and the recurrences of the umbilical hernia after surgery occur in less than 1% of cases.

(the unit below can be brutal to the right to the end)

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Rehabilitation after removal of the umbilical hernia

Removal operation pahnova grozhi It is carried out by newborns, adult men and women. All patients, regardless of the chosen technique and well-being after treatment, are rehabilitated to restore the body after anesthesia and further stabilization. internal organs and general condition. The weakness of the connection of the umbilical ring leads to hernia, and surgical treatment is carried out to restore the anatomical position of the internal organs. For each operation, there is a rehabilitation period, which can last from the week to six months, and the delayed rehabilitation may be required after dozens of years.

Restoration After the operation in adults is impossible without additional medical events. Immediately after removing the umbilical hernia? The patient must wear a bandage, a strict diet is prescribed to him, physical activity is limited and a course of drugs is attributed. After an adult statement, planned inspections are agreed to control the state, feed correction, the passage of physiotherapy procedures.

Early rehabilitation period

Remove the seams after the operation to remove the umbilical hernia in about a week. The procedure for adults is painless, but unpleasant sensations are present. Immediately after the sewing seam, you need to wear a wide belt or supporting bandage. It is possible to completely abandon the bandage only after the complete restoration of the muscle tissue, which happens on average after a month and a half and depends on the wound healing rate of each individual.

Observing all prescribed prevention measures of the doctor, it is possible to significantly reduce the rehabilitation and the wound healing process. For this purpose is a strict diet, rest regime, receiving medicines.

Physical activity, lifting weights, voltage during cough can lead to discrepancies of seams, suppuration, infection of the wound.

What do you need to do in the first two weeks after the treatment of umbilical hernia?

1. Observe the day of the day: this simple recommendation is not a formality, but a condition for the successful rehabilitation of adults. The first two days a person should lie and sleep only on his back, on the third and fourth day you can begin to fulfill a simple household work, walk more, but with the slightest fatigue to listen to your body and immediately rest. During this week there are dressing and processing of the wound daily. The entire recovery period is observed;
2. On the second week after the removal of the seams, pain may still be preserved, therefore, painkillers or injections are attributed to, physiotherapeutic procedures;
3. The rehabilitation period of older people is more difficult, as it is necessary to monitor the possible advent of serious complications: respiratory failure, tachycardia, injury infection.

Massage and physiotherapy after removing seams

In the postoperative period, massage is shown more newborn and children with a congenital defect of the muscular-ligament. Adult patients are also recommended to regularly make a massage for rapid wound healing, improving blood circulation at the venue. The procedure can only be done by a professional, since after the muscle operation is still weak and easy to damage them.

In addition to massage, rehabilitation includes physiotherapeutic procedures such as ultraviolet treatment, electrophoresis, shockotherapy. All this allows you to normalize microcirculation, to anegize the navel zone after the operation and prevent inflammatory processes.

Already from the third week after removal of the umbilical hernia, you need to start exercising by gymnastics, performing light exercises on the abdominal muscles. For adults, it is useful to do the breakfast daily daily to break, stretch and warm up the muscles. The slopes and turns of the body, squats, raising legs - all these simple exercises should be done in the umbilical band and on a soft rug.

Diet in the postoperative period

Therapeutic diet is necessary for the full saturation of the body during the rehabilitation period and prevention of digestive disorders.

Diet after the treatment of umbilical hernia is built on the following principles:

1. Exclusion of acute, carbohydrate, oily food;
2. Daily food should include soups, porridge, vegetables, fresh fruits;
3. Drink a lot of fluid, but limit coffee and milk;
4. Alcoholic beverages, canned foods are excluded.

Immediately after the operation, the patient can only take liquid food to start the digestive system. Gradually, the diet is complemented by soups, puree, meat and fish cooked for a couple. In the postoperative period it is useful to cook herbs tincture at home: rosehip, oak bark, chamomile, sage, yarrow. Infusions and decoctions increase immunity, help reduce pain, relieving inflammation and adult calm after surgery. Food should not be limited only to porridge and soups, it is possible to eat sweet, drink juices and some coffee, but at the same time observe how the body responds to certain groups of products.

Complications and secondary umbilical hernia

Complications After surgery at the present stage of treatment, the naughty hernia are rare, and the cause of this is not an error of the doctor, but the patient's attitude to the rehabilitation period.

Heavy complications after removal of the umbilical hernia:

• incorrect nutrition provokes constipation, which increases intrauterine pressure and leads to repeated pathology;
• a quick return to physical work is the reason for the discrepancy of the seams, the recurrence of hernia;
• ignoring therapeutic gymnastics will give itself to know only a few years later, when weak muscles will disperse, and the organs will again lose their usual position.

Complications during operation are more exclusive, but this can happen when adults or children are allergic to anesthetic, there was no full-fledged diagnosis of the abdominal cavity.

Operation to remove the umbilical hernia in adults: preparation and execution

Underfloor hernia - common pathology, manifested mainly in childhood. Due to the influence of certain hernia factors, adults can develop. In childhood, therapy is to apply medicines. Adults to eliminate pathological neoplasms are prescribed a surgical operation.

Clinical picture with umbilical hernia

Under the umbilical hernia is understood as the pathological process, in which the organs of the abdominal cavity are absorbed through the umbilical ring. At the same time, the protrusion is greatly reduced when a person acquires a horizontal position. Pathology is most often found in women.

• overweight
• multiple pregnancy
• traumatic lesions
• protractable constipation
• intense physical exertion
• tumor pathology

The effect of listed factors leads to a violation of muscle tissue functions holding abdominal organs in a natural position. Because of this, they are pronounced in the umbilical area. The size of the hernia varies from 1 to 20 cm or more. The growth of pathology is more than 10 cm occurs in rare cases.

Basic hernia is accompanied by a number of symptomatic manifestations. Their nature depends on the size of the pathology, the presence of abdominal adhesions, aggravating processes, including the infringement of the hernial bag.

1. The appearance of protrusion. It can be visually revealed in the early stages of the development of the disease. The skin coming beyond the umbilical ring is easily updated. When making a horizontal position, pathology becomes invisible. The patient does not have any discomfort, and during pregnancy many women believe that the deviation is associated with the natural increase in the abdomen.
2. Formation of adhesions. At the later stages of pathology in the abdominal cavity, spikes are formed. They prevent the reversal of the hernia. At the same time there is discomfort. Negative symptoms are enhanced during exercise.
3. Pain. Occur during the expanding of the umbilical hernia. Pain syndrome It is manifested regularly, especially after meals, when the size of the abdomen increases. Strong pain There are noted in patients in late pregnancy, as well as people suffering from obesity.
4. Digestive disorders. The violation of the natural situation of the organs within the cavity leads to failures in their work. Against the background of the umbilical hernia, there are often disorders of defecation that manifest themselves in the form of constipation. Also in patients noted regularly manifested nausea and vomiting.
5. The treatment of umbilical hernia is extremely important, since otherwise the disease provokes complications. In addition to the infringement of the hernial bag, inflammation in the affected area is possible. One of possible complications - Stagnation feces in the intestine, which leads to a violation of the passability.

Thus, the umbilical hernia is a pathological process requiring medical intervention.

Preparation for the operation

Operation to remove the hernia is recommended to perform timely after the problem is detected. Many patients are in no hurry to perform surgical treatment, considering possible therapy with the use of alternative methods. However, most often such therapy only harms the body, since it does not have a positive effect, and increases the risk of complications.

Before performing the operation, the patient passes a survey. During the diagnosis, the stage of the disease is determined, its size, exact location. Also determine the sensitivity of the patient for anesthetic drugs. The preparation for the operation is carried out in stationary conditions.

Preparation for the operation provides such procedures:

Based on the results of the diagnostics, the method of performing the operation is determined. The patient receives a conclusion indicating the absence of contraindications to perform surgical intervention.

For 3 days before the operation, the patient refuses medicinesDreaming blood. Before the operation, hygienic procedures should be performed. It is recommended to steal hair in the umbilical and pubic area. In the morning, immediately before removal, it is recommended not to eat and drink.

In general, the operation to remove the umbilical hernia in adults is performed after preliminary preparation.

Contraindications

Any surgical intervention is a serious stress for the body. In view of this, the operation is performed only in the absence of contraindications. Otherwise, the risk of postoperative complications increases.

Contraindications to the removal of the umbilical hernia:

• Childhood. Children under 5 years old operation is not appointed. This is primarily due to the fact that the probability of independent disappearance of hernia is quite high. The exceptions are cases when hernia provokes complications or causes pronounced symptoms from a child.
• Acute infectious diseases. With such pathologies, the likelihood of infection of internal organs increases when performing an operation. In case the patient fell ill, the removal of the hernia is transferred to the moment until the patient is recovering.

In addition, in the number of contraindications to the removal of hernia, sugar diabetes, varicose veins in the field of esophageal veins, severe forms of renal failure.

Options for surgical intervention

Operation to remove hernia is carried out only under anesthesia. Intervention is carried out under local anesthesia, in which injections with an anesthetic drug are introduced into the field of navel, under general anesthesia. The anesthesia method is negotiated with the attending physician before the operation.

It is believed that with local anesthesia, the appearance of pain. In general anesthesia, the occurrence of pain is excluded, but after the cessation of anesthetic drug, a number of side effects arise. These include severe weakness, dizziness, disorders of the concentration of attention.

Methods for performing the operation:

1. Intraperitoneal. This method is used in childhood, with so-called embryonic hernias. Their development is associated with violations in the formation of the walls of the abdominal cavity in the fetus. The operation is to open the shelf cavity and return its contents into the abdominal cavity. In rare cases, the remains of embryonic organs, which are not fully resolved due to pathology.

Thus, the operation to remove the umbilical hernia in adults can be different. The choice of a method of surgical intervention occurs in accordance with the clinical picture.

Postoperative complications

Removal of the umbilical hernia is usually well tolerated by patients. Complications rarely occur. However, the probability of negative consequences after surgery is not excluded.

Possible complications include:

• Infection. When removing hernia, the risk of infection is minimal. Antibacterial agents are prescribed exclusively in preventive purposes. Increased infection is possible with non-compliance with hygiene rules by a patient or surgeon, or in violations of sanitary standards in the operating room.

In general, after removing hernia, the patient may have side effects and complications, which, as a rule, pass on their own.

Rehabilitation

In the absence of aggravating factors, the shelf's removal operation is fine, in view of which the duration of the rehabilitation period is reduced. Meals are allowed the day after surgery. The diet includes easily disabled low-calorie products, best in liquid form. Bed regime is observed for the first 3 days, after which the patient is allowed to get out of bed and walk.

If the operation proceeds hard or have complications, the patient prescribe a bedding for 14 days. This rarely occurs, since most doctors believe that low motor activity impairs tissue healing and provokes violations from the cardiovascular system.

After surgery, a slight risk of recurrence remains. The probability of repeated development of pathology varies from 10% to 30%, depending on the size of the previous hernia.

• Diet. It involves consuming food products that do not aggravating the intestinal work. Fat, fried, salt products, confectionery and bakery products are excluded. The development of constipation in the postoperative period is considered unacceptable, since it leads to the discrepancy of the seams.
• Wearing a bandage. Application contributes to the maintenance of abdominal organs. In addition, the use of a bandage prevents the discrepancy between the seams. The likelihood of tissue infection is reduced. The patient carries a bandage from 1 to 6 months, depending on the method of removing hernia and the presence of an implant.
• Physical exercise. Undoubtedly, the patient needs to move during the period of rehabilitation, as this contributes to the improvement of blood flow and the healing of the seams. However, severe physical exertion is prohibited. Of particular danger represents the load on the muscles of the press. They are excluded for 1 year.
• Receiving antibiotics. In some cases, it is assigned after removing hernia. We are needed to prevent infection of the place of excision.

If the operation proceeded with complications, or they arose after treatment, the patient needs to regularly attend a doctor for inspection, applying antiseptic dressings, performing physiotherapy procedures.

Underground hernia in adults is treated by surgical removal. The operation is performed in different ways provided complete absence Contraindications, after preliminary diagnosis and preparation.

general information

Underfloor hernia is the protrusion of the abdominal organs beyond its limits through a weak poucher ring. Basic hernia in adult patients is in second place at occur. Pathology may be congenital or acquired. In the latter case, the reasons for the appearance of the umbilical hernia can be long-term physical exertion, injuries of the abdomen, pregnancy, obesity, transferred operations, long-term increase in intra-abdominal pressure due to constipation or chronic cough.

After noting the protrusion in the navel area, accompanied by pain when loading, be sure to contact the surgeon. The late treatment of hernia can lead to its infringement, impaired blood circulation of the organs of the abdominal cavity and the development of peritonitis.

Types of hernia in the navel area

The disease of the umbilical hernia is congenital and acquired. In most cases, the first is refilled or operated in childhood. With the acquired large umbilical hernia in adults, treatment is possible only by the operational way. In addition, hernias can be:

• Fitted (free). With such a hernia, the protrusion disappears when the patient is in position lying. Fitted hernias are characteristic of initial stage Diseases.
• Unbrailed. In this case, the protrusion cannot be fixed. This type of hernia is characteristic of a launched stage, which is possible a bunch of hernia with a hernial hole.

Symptoms hernia navel

• Punching in the navel area, which can be accompanied by redness. If a person takes a horizontal position, hernia completely disappears.
• Increased poucher ring.
• Painting pain in the abdomen in the state of rest, as well as when coughing, physical exertion.
• Problems with intestines: constipation, meteorism, obstruction.

Diagnostics

To determine the degree of illness and elimination of other pathologies, it is necessary to pass a number of surveys:

• inspection of the doctor and palpation, allowing to determine the size and location of the hernia;
• Ultrasound to determine the state of the hernial bag;
• x-ray of the stomach and duodenal intestine to identify tumors or other diseases that led to the occurrence of hernia;
• gastroscopy of the stomach and duodenum;
• blood and urine tests.