Endometrioid ovarian cyst: causes and symptoms, conservative and folk treatment methods. Effective methods of treating endometrial ovary cysts Endometrioid cyst ovarian treatment

Endometriosis is chronic, steadily progressive and genetically deterministic disease, in which the growth of tissue, similar to endometrial, beyond the uterine cavity. The appearance of a cyst on the ovaries is only one of the forms of pathology. The disease is accompanied by a disruption of the menstrual cycle and can lead to infertility. Revealed mainly at young age and can be spontaneously regressing in menopause.

The treatment of the endometrioid cyst of the ovary involves the use of conservative and operational methods. The choice of a particular means depends on the age of a woman, the presence of concomitant pathology and reproductive plans. Adequately selected therapy contributes to the normalization of the menstrual cycle, eliminating negative symptoms and preservation of fertility.

Do you need to treat endometriosis?

Endometrioid ovarian cyst (endometroma) is not the pathology, the flow of which can be used on samone. Once arising, the focus will grow steadily. Education slowly increases in size, but theoretically can achieve almost any value - provided that nothing will restrain the progression of the disease.

Progression of endometriosis.

The refusal of the treatment of the endometroma threatens the development of such complications:

• Strengthening pain syndrome. Endometriosis pain is observed during menstruation, with intimate proximity. With the growth of the focus, pain becomes a chronic, non-phase cycle;
• Progressive violation of the menstrual cycle. There is an increase in the volume and duration of menstruation, the appearance of bloody secretions before and after menstruation;
• Infertility. Endometroma inhibits ovulation and starts the processes that prevent the normal implantation of the fruit egg;
• Compression of the pelvis organs. Big cyst puts on the intestine and bladder, interfering with full-fledged functioning;
• Development of complications life-threatening: the breaks of the cyst capsule and twist her legs;
• Malignation. There is some likelihood of a malignant tumor. It is also known that when endometriosis is growing risk of carcinoma of the uterus.

The adhesion process of the small pelvic organs during endometriosis is a frequent cause of pain syndrome.

Since one of the key causes of endometriosis development is hyperstrogenation, observational tactics are allowed in the prelimacteric period, but only under the observance of the conditions:

• Endometroma value of up to 3-4 cm without distribution to neighboring organs;
• There is no pronounced clinical symptoms;
• There are no hazardous complications;
• Woman does not plan pregnancy;
• There are obvious signs of the beginning of Climaq;
• No data for malignant rebirth of cysts.

In menopause, the endometrome can spontaneously regress, but this happens not always. If education does not decrease in size, shown surgery.

It's important to know

The growth of endometrium cysts in postmenopause is a reason for an urgent operation. During this period, the likelihood of development of malignant tumors increases, and the suspicious focus must be removed.

The progression of the growth of cysts in menopause - an indication for operational treatment.

Surgical treatment of endometroma

Indications for surgery:

• The magnitude of the ovarian cyst is more than 4 cm;
• The development of complications leading to the necrosis of the ovary, peritonitis, sepsis;
• Violation of the function of pelvic organs;
• Infertility against the background of endometriosis;
• Pregnancy planning, including Eco;
• The presence of a combined pathology of the uterus leading to bleeding and chronic pain syndrome;
• Identification of the endometrioid cyst of the ovary in the menopausal period and in postmenopause;
• Suspected by malignant tumor or detection of ovarian cancer;
• Lack of effect from conservative therapy.

In a planned order, the removal of the endometroma is carried out after a full survey:

• Consultation of the gynecologist and therapist;
• General blood tests and urine;
• Test for markers of ovarian cancer;
• Inspection on sexually transmitted infections;
• Ultrasound pelvis organs;
• Estimation of the state of the cervix: test on oncocytology, colposcopy.

Ultrasound of the small pelvis organs allows you to assess the size of the cyst, its location and availability of the adhesive process.

Women over 40 years old are appointed:

• Examination of the uterus (aspiration biopsy of endometrial or separate diagnostic scraping with histological examination);
• Estimate of the status of the mammary glands (mammography);
• Intestinal examination (colonoscopy).

In an emergency, the operation is carried out with the development of hazardous complications. It shows only the minimum preparation and delivery of analyzes directly in the gynecological hospital.

Options for surgical treatment with ovarian endometriosis:

• Cystectomy. The ovarian cyst deepening is carried out using a traditional cutting tool or laser. After removing the formation of his bed, it is migrated. The ovarian fabrics are saved. Fertility is restored after the operation;
• Wedge-shaped ovarian resection. Education is cut together with a small area of \u200b\u200bthe organ. When maintaining the follicular reserve, the ovary can fully function after the operation; + Picture 6: Schematic image of a wedge-shaped separation of the ovary.

Schematic representation of a wedge-shaped resection of the ovary.

• Ovaruectomy. The removal of the entire ovary is carried out with a pile. If the collateral organ is preserved, he takes on all the functions. When removing both ovaries, an artificial climax occurs.

The choice of treatment method depends on various factors:

• Age of a woman. In postmenopause the entire ovary is removed. The organ is no longer functioning, and it is impossible to leave a potential source of malignant tumor;
• The size of the cyst. The more education, the less the functional tissue of the ovary remains, and the worse the forecast;
• Duration of the course of the disease. Over time, the cyst displaces the normal ovarian fabric, and it becomes just a capsule for a tumor;
• Concomitant pathology. In some situations, the removal is not only the ovary, but also the uterus.

The gold standard of the ovarian cyst is considered a laparoscopic operation. This is a minimally invasive intervention, during which the doctor conducts all manipulations through small cuts of the abdominal wall. After the operation, low-rise scars remain on the skin. Recovery after laparoscopy takes no more than 4 weeks (in the absence of complications). Endoscopic intervention is a method of choice for young women, including those planning pregnancy.

Laparoscopic removal of endometroma.

On a note

As a temporary aid, an ovarian cyst can be carried out. When puncturing from the cavity, the liquid is discouraged, the walls fall, and education decreases. Such tactic is also applicable when the cyst removes a large size.

Lucky operation (laparotomy) is carried out in those situations when laparoscopic is impossible to solve the problem or there is no equipment and specialists in the clinic. Larotomy is shown and with a pronounced adhesive process. During operation, the doctor makes a longitudinal cut at the bottom of the abdomen. Recovery takes from 2-3 months, the frequency of complications increases.

Negative consequences of operational treatment:

• Bleeding. Occurs when tissue injury during surgery, with cyst break;
• Infection. Observed against the background of the untreated inflammation of the appendages and the uterus;
• Inflammation and discrepancy of seams. Arises when violating the processing rules postoperative wound, with excessive physical exertion;
• Violation of the intestinal function. Popps are considered a natural consequence of the operation and can be maintained up to 3-7 days after surgery;
• Safety process. It is noted mainly after a long operation as a result of tissue traumatization. Can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy;
• Reduced ovarian reserve. It occurs during damage to the stroma of the ovary during the operation. The decrease in the number of follicles leads to infertility and early climax;
• Violation of the menstrual cycle. A failure remains from 2 months to six months, is characterized by a latency of menstruation, irregular bleeding.

Schematic image of the adhesive process of the small pelvic organs.

• Observe the diet: limit the use of acute, fried, oily food, increase the stake of fiber in the diet;
• Limit exercise: do not play sports, do not lift gravity;
• Observe penis;
• Refuse thermal procedures, including hot soul and bath, saunas, solarium;
• Comply with personal hygiene rules;
• Apply drugs appointed by the doctor to restore the body. After surgery, hormones, antibiotics, immunomodulators, enzymes (Longidase) can be recommended for sucking sucks.

After removal of the ovarian cyst, observation is shown in the gynecologist. After 1, 3 and 6 months, an ultrasound study is prescribed. If complications have not been detected, it is usually allowed to plan a pregnancy after 3-6 months after laparoscopy and 6-12 months after a long operation.

This is the endometrioid ovarian cyst on the ultrasound.

The cost of laparoscopic treatment of the endometrioid ovarian cyst in Moscow is 40-75 thousand rubles. The final price depends on the volume of operation, the duration of stay in the clinic and other factors. In government agencies in the presence of polis Oms And the technical ability to remove cysts is carried out for free for the patient.

Drug therapy Endometrioid ovarian cyst

The treatment of endometroma without surgery is possible under such conditions:

• Focus size not more than 4 cm;
• The absence of severe symptoms, essentially disturbing the course of life (chronic pelvis pain, uterine bleeding);
• There are no complications associated with the growth of cysts;
• No signs of malignancy;
• Reproductive age (before joining menopause).

Hormonal drugs

An endometrioid ovarian cyst can be cured by drugs:

• Gonadotropin-rillation agonists (DIFERELIN, BUSERELIN, LUKRIN, etc.). Preparations from this group introduce a woman into a state of artificial menopause. Monthly ceases, heat tides are marked and other signs of Klimaks. The course of treatment lasts 3-6 months and is carried out under the cover of estrogen-containing drugs (add-back therapy). Against the background of receiving agonists of GRG-RG, there is a decrease in the size of the cyst to 50-70% or its full regression;
• Combined oral contraceptives. Means based on strong gestagens (Zhanin, Marvelon, Regulon, Silhouette, etc.). The course of treatment lasts from 3 months, may continue for a long time In the event that a woman does not plan a pregnancy. Therapy scheme: 21 + 7 or in continuous mode for 3 months. Against the background of taking KOC there is a decrease in foci in size and a new cyst is warned;

COP allows you to influence the hormonal background and adjust the menstrual cycle, thereby reducing the size of the foci of endometriosis.

• Gestagens. Drugs based on progesterone (Duphaston, Utrezhastan) or other gestagens (Vizann, Nigolut) are appointed by the course for 3-6 months from the 5th to the 25th day of the cycle or continuously. The means from this group reduce the production of estrogen and contribute to the decrease in cysts in size;
• Progesterone receptors (esmia) modulators. This drug affects not only endometriosis, but also in the uterus. It is used daily for 3 months;
• Intrauterine hormonal system (Peace). Navy reduces tissue proliferation and helps to reduce endometriosis foci. It is introduced into the uterine cavity for 5 years. Against the background of the use of peace, the volume of menstruation decreases, due to pain syndrome and the overall condition of the woman is improved.

Hormonal therapy is assigned after the removal of the ovary cyst. Drink hormones follows at least 3 months. If a woman does not plan pregnancy, it is recommended to receive COC for a long time.

Non-immalic drugs

In the therapy, the endometroma uses such funds:

• Nonteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in tablets. NSAIDs remove pain and are prescribed during menstruation for 5-7 days;
• Local anti-inflammatory funds (ichthyol, indomethacin candles, etc.). Applied in the form of suppositories for rectal and vaginal administration. Contribute to the elimination of pain syndrome;
• Antispasmodics (Papaverin, DroTaver). Prescribed as an alternative to NSAIDs during painful menstruation;
• Vitamins. Apply, taking into account the age and needs of the body. Contribute to strengthening immunity, increased vital tone.

Gomeoopathic preparations can be used as symptomatic therapy in the endometroma of the right and left ovary. Official medicine does not always recognize their effectiveness, so similar funds are allowed only as an addition to the main methods of treatment.

Non-media methods in the therapy of the endometrioid ovarian cyst

To date, there is no effective evidence that non-drug treatment will help get rid of the endometroma. And numerous reviews of women practicing various gymnastics, diets, acupuncture and osteopathy techniques are very dubious. As practice shows, similar tools contribute only to the elimination of symptoms of the disease, but do not affect the growth of cysts. After some time, the disease returns, and there is a deterioration in the state of the woman.

It's important to know

The refusal of traditional treatment options for endometriosis threatens the progression of the disease and the development of complications.

The following methods of non-drug therapy are practiced:

• Diet. Endometroma power should be diverse, balanced by the main components and vitamins. It is limited to the use of products that enhances the production of estrogen (easily-friendly carbohydrates, animal fats);
• Physiotherapy. It is assumed that yoga classes and some other techniques contribute to the normalization of hormonal background and eliminate endometriosis foci. It is important to remember that excess physical exertion can lead to a twist or cystic break;
• Acupuncture. Impact on certain points reduces pain syndrome and improves the overall state. The same effect has a point massage;

Non-traditional treatment methods (including acupuncture) are aimed only for the overall strengthening of the body.

• Physiotherapy. Electrophoresis with the introduction of B1 and E, magnesium vitamins, as well as magnetic therapy and ultrasound contribute to the elimination of pain during menstruation;
• Hirudotherapy. Treatment with leeches eliminates blood stagnation in the pelvis organs and reduces pain syndrome.

Non-drug therapy methods facilitate the course of the disease, eliminate unpleasant symptoms and increase the quality of life. They cannot be used as a major treatment, since they do not affect the ovary cyst. It is allowed to use similar techniques in a complex with medication and surgical treatment.

On a note

When the ovarian endometriosis is detected during pregnancy, an observational tactic is shown. Hormonal drugs are not prescribed, physiotherapy - with caution. Surgical treatment is shown in the development of complications that threaten the lives of women and the fetus.

Folk remedies and evaluation of their effectiveness in the pathology of the ovaries

Excessive treatment of the ovarian cyst involves both the use of various recipes for alternative medicine. Fitotherapy uses very popularity. At home, herbal decoctions and infusions are preparing. The major ingredients are traditional "female" herbs - a boring uterus and a red brush. Complement to the composition of the yarrow, the root of the burdock, St. John's wort, clover, acacia flowers. Treatment is assumed long - from one month to six months with interruptions.

Facilities folk Medicine Apply not only inside. Based on plant components and honey, candles and tampons are prepared for introduction into the vagina. Drafting is also practiced. It is assumed that such a way of administration accelerates the delivery of beneficial substances to the tumor and facilitates the course of the disease.

It's important to know: folk Methods Ineffective in the treatment of ovarian endometriosis. At best, they can slightly reduce pain and remove other symptoms of pathology. Direct influence on the growth of cyst does not provide these funds. Following the postulates of alternative medicine threatens the progression of the disease and the development of complications. No need to waste time trying to cure the cyst with various herbs. It is guaranteed to get rid of the endometroma, only an operational way.

People's methods of treatment cannot be the basis of therapy, but in coordination with the doctor they can be used as an additional means.

Prevention of recurrence of the disease: Is there chances?

Endometrioid ovarian cyst is inclined to relapse. To date, there is not a single method of conservative therapy, allowing to be guaranteed to get rid of the problem. Hormonal drugs only suppress the growth of the hearth, but do not remove it completely. 6-18 months after cancellation drug Endometroma repeated growth is observed.

Surgical treatment also does not guarantee 100% of the result. Often, cysts grow again 1-2 years after cystectomy or ovarian resection. It is clear to warn the appearance of neoplasms only when removing the organ. But even in this case, the development of new foci in the fallopian tubes, on the peritoneum, in the uterus and in the vagina.

Since it is impossible to get rid of chronic pathology once and permanently, it is important to at least win time. If a woman is planning a pregnancy, she should not postpone this event for many years. The conception of a child is possible immediately after the abolition of hormonal drugs and after 3-6 months after a laparoscopic operation. There is no more than a year in stock. After 12-18 months, the disease may return, and the re-course of therapy will be required.

If a woman does not plan pregnancy, it is recommended long reception Combined oral contraceptives. During the intake, the endometrome does not grow, and new foci is not formed. After canceling the contraceptive, the child is conceived over the coming year.

Useful video about the endometrioid cyst and methods for its treatment

Surgical treatment of endometrial cysts

Endometrioid ovarian cyst is an education in which endometrial cells are located outside the uterus. The treatment of the endometrioid cyst of the ovary without surgery is possible only in the early stages. Therapy, as a rule, lasts long enough, so it is important to identify the disease as early as possible.

The disease is manifested by various symptoms, has certain individual characteristics. Endometrioid cyst occurs and develops otherwise than a functional cyst. In most cases, this is bilateral education. The ovarian cyst is a special case of outer endometriosis and more often occurs in women of reproductive age.

In case of endometriosis, the endometrium that widespread the uterus from the inside, it grows beyond its cavity. Specific endometrioid foci are formed. These foci depend on the hormonal background, and during menstruation increases in size. In connection with these processes, specific cysts are formed on the ovary ("chocolate cysts"), which are filled with dark mucus.

Today, the etiology of this disease is not known to date. There are several main reasons, namely:

• endometrial cells during the menstrual cycle are moved and secured in uterine pipes or ovaries (retrograde blood cast);
• surgery (gynecological surgery);
• heredity;
• hormonal disorders.

Experts argue that the endometrioid cyst may also arise in chronic ovary diseases, weakened immunite and strongly emotional shock.

Symptoms of endometrioid cysts

A cyst appears on the ovary in different ways, depending on the various concomitant moments, namely:

• endometriosis development stages,
• concomitant pathology from the pelvis authorities,
• women's psychological health.

Endometrioid cyst in most cases has no specific symptoms. In the presence of such a cyst on the ovary, there may be pain of different nature in the area of \u200b\u200bthe lower back or at the bottom of the abdomen. There may be long-term menstrual bleeding with oscillations in the middle of the cycle. Endometriosis can cause infertility.

The development of an endometrioid cyst can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the ovary. In the launched form, the hormonal background is broken, problems with the conception of the child arise.

It is important to understand that the symptoms and treatment between themselves are closely related, so it is necessary to get acquainted with the signs of endometriosis.

Endometrioid cyst of the right ovary

Cyst on ovary with right sideAccording to experts, it appears much more often, it is more difficult to diagnose it. Related deviations that are found with an endometrioid cyst of the right ovary:

• irregular menstrual cycle;
• pain on the right side of the abdomen;
• the inability to get pregnant;
• violation of the urinary system;
• problems with intestines.

The last two symptoms occur at large sizes of cysts due to the surrender of neighboring organs.

During unsuccessful attempts to get pregnant or in the case of a hormonal failure, a woman can first learn about the disease. Diagnose the presence of cyst can only be using ultrasound.

Endometrioid cyst left ovary

The disease that needs timely treatment. Education on the ovary can reach 12 centimeters, has the shape of a capsule with liquid inside. The main symptoms of the presence of cysts on the left ovary is not different from that under the right-sided location of education.

Endometrioid cysts of both ovaries

The presence of two cyst at once shows serious problems on the hormonal level. Be sure to be held diagnostic events: Ultrasound, laparoscopy. All these procedures are necessary for a detailed study of education.

Stages of endometrioid ovarian cysts

1. The first stage - a woman has no cysts, but there are small formations (foci of endometriosis) on the ovary.
2. The second stage - the neoplasm increases to 5 cm.
3. The third stage is the size of the cyst more than 5 cm; Spikes are formed; Cysts on both ovaries.
4. The fourth stage - education can affect neighboring organs, has large sizes.

Complications for endometrioid cyst

The rupture of the endometrioid cyst can lead to a fatal outcome. At the same time, a complication of a woman needs urgent medical care. This can occur if the endometrioid cyst is not treated in a timely manner.

Education may be the cause of infertility or non-pending pregnancy. Often the conception of a child is possible only after the removal of the cyst.

Diagnosis of endometrioid cysts

Diagnostics is carried out in two ways: Inspection at the gynecologist and ultrasound. In case of inspection, education is determined in the projection of the ovaries, an ultrasound is appointed. During ultrasound research, the doctor can determine the size and accurate localization of education.

Laparoscopy allows you to set an accurate diagnosis and decide on further tactics. During the laparoscopy, the doctor can remove the cyst or conduct its puncture. With the help of special equipment, the cyst is punctured, and liquid is recruited into the syringe. The assembled material is sent to the laboratory.

The treatment is prescribed after complete diagnosis and has different directions:

• treatment medicinal preparations;
• surgical intervention;
• comprehensive therapy.

The main direction of treatment is the elimination of symptoms and normalization of the hormonal background. Treatment methods are selected individually. After treatment, it is necessary to conduct a rehabilitation course.

Surgical intervention is the first point in the treatment of cysts. It is from the success of this procedure that all treatment depends. The most new and modern invention is laparoscopy. This procedure allows you to carry out all manipulations without a cut. Laparoscopy is a fairly safe procedure that allows a woman to become pregnant in the future.

During operation, special equipment is used, with which the procedure occurs. After conducting surgical interventions, there are practically no pain, rehabilitation occurs fairly quickly.

After removal, the endometrioid cyst almost does not appear again. With the help of modern technologies, you can get rid of the disease forever.

The operation is assigned if the treatment with medicines did not give any results. Surgical intervention allows you to restore reproductive functions and rid a woman from infertility.

Before the operation, the patient needs to be prepared and pass all the necessary analyzes. After carrying out surgical intervention, hormonal therapy and regular visit to the gynecologist will have.

The cost of the operation depends on the development stage of the disease and individual features. An experienced specialist will analyze the symptoms, and the treatment will be aimed at eliminating the foci of the disease.

Hormonal treatment

First of all, in the presence of foci of endometriosis, the doctor prescribes hormonal drugs. After the course of treatment with drugs, drugs will be known, it is worth resorting for surgical interference or not. According to experts, an endometrioid cyst in the early stages of the disease can be treated with hormonal drugs.

Gynecologist according to the results of a number of analyzes, prescribes hormonal treatment, which should have a minimal effect on the body. For therapy, there are not too high doses of hormones, and today there is a large selection of such drugs (Kok, progestins, agonists Gonadotropin rilizing hormone, etc.).

Prevention of endometrioid cysts

Treatment of the endometrioid ovarian cyst without surgery is possible with timely use preventive Mer. This is a regular visit to the gynecologist and ultrasound, which is appointed by a specialist. If there is a chance of the appearance of cysts on the ovary, then it is necessary to undergo a course of hormonal therapy and strengthen the immune system.

Special attention to the woman must be paid to the menstrual cycle. If any problems arose after surgery, then you should not postpone the visit to the gynecologist. Painful and long-term menstruation, as well as cargo bleeding in the middle of the cycle, can be a sign of an endometrioid cyst.

In the presence of a diagnosis of an endometrioid cyst, the success of treatment depends on many factors, namely:

• concomitant chronic diseases
• age of a woman
• the stage of the disease,
• the size of education and its features.

In most cases, the endometrioid cyst is amenable to treatment, and experts give positive predictions. Much more dangerous for a woman if the cyst burst: it could lead to a number of serious consequences for the body.

Folk Methods in the fight against endometrioid cure ovary

Folk medicine has their own nuances. Many women use it as the basis of treatment, but before anything to do, it is worth consulting with a specialist. Folk methods can be used, but the main thing is that these procedures should be as an addition to the drug treatment.

The most effective methods, according to specialists and many women, are considered the following recipes:

1. It is necessary to mix one portion of fresh viburnum juice and one portion of honey in equal proportions. From each week to increase the dose. First, apply half a teaspoon, and for the fourth week - on the tablespoon. A week later, the entire course is repeated in the reverse order.
2. You need to mix the liter of alcohol and the fruit of the quirkazone 200 grams. The tincture must be closed for 10 days. After that, 100 ml of tincture dilute 800 ml of water and take 100 ml before meals for 40 to 50 minutes, throughout the day. The duration of treatment is 14 days.
3. Fresh burdock juice, according to many women, is effectively fighting with the neoplasm. To do this, you will need a blade juice: it needs to be used before eating 20 ml for 30 days.
4. Many specialists talk about the utility of calendula in the treatment of endometrioid cysts. This grass can be used independently or assembled with other herbs. The recipe for brewing is simple, you just need to pour a couple of tablespoons of calendula leaves with boiling water and insist all night. After that, thoroughly strain and take 20 ml, twice a day, 50 days.

Endometrioid ovarian cyst is Education on the surface of the organ consisting of a capsule filled with menstrual blood. The contents of the shell is found, the suppuration is caused, as a result of which the blood accumulated blood acquires a dark brown tint. The characteristic color of liquid content served as another name of education - a chocolate cyst.

Endometrium thigh can grow to 10-12 cm. Large cysts violate the functioning of the ovary, because they can provoke tissue changes in the organ: scarring, formation of follicular formations, degenerative changes egg cell

The uncontrolled development of cystic neoplasms can provoke violations of the intestinal activity, urination disorders. Complicated ventured endometrioid cyst may burst, its contents will penetrate abdominal cavitythat threatens the development of a severe inflammatory process.

Causes of endometrioid ovarian cysts

The factors of the emergence of the cyst of the ovarian endometrial, are considered:

1. Throwing endometrial particles on the body shell. As a result, the splicing of fabrics and the formation of a cyst may occur. Endometrial particles continue to regularly allocate menstrual blood, which accumulates in the formation capsule, leading to its increase. Fitting particles is possible in situations:

• Anomalous state of the uterus, disturbing its structure. As a result, the body is overwhelmed with blood, which falls on the ovarian shell;
• Uterine bleeding non-associated menstrual cycle;
• The presence of diseases provoking the destruction and rejection of the endometrium particles (mioma, endometriosis);
• Operational intervention at which the vita scraping occurs;

1. Reducing the protective forces of the body. Endometrial particles often fall on the envelope organ, but their splicing is caused by a number of factors. One of the reasons for implantation is weakened the immune systemwhich leads to the impossibility of rejection by the ovarian of alien cells.
2. Hormonal background disorders leading to pathological conditions: anomalous development of the inner layer of the uterus, the emergence of abundant monthly. These states create favorable conditions for the occurrence of endometrioid cyst;
3. Disorders of the Embryonic Period. The cells of the inner layer of the uterus can get into the ovaries at the stage of formation of genital organs of the fetus;
4. Hereditary factor, genetic predisposition;
5. Inflammatory lesions of uterus and appendages (adnexitis, salpinting, endometrite);
6. Disorders of metabolic processes in the body, obesity;
7. Violations of the functioning of the organs of the endocrine system, liver pathology;
8. External factors:

• Psycho-emotional disorders: chronic stress, depression, nervous breakdowns;
• Long hormone therapy, violation of the reception scheme of oral contraceptives, intrauterine spiral.

Symptoms of an endometrioid ovarian cyst

In most cases, endometrium cysts of both ovaries are formed. The identification of the growing increase in one of the organs signals the development of education on the second, which is not diagnosed into force initial stage formation and microscopic sizes.

The endometrioid cyst of the right ovary, as well as the left at the beginning of its development, can develop asymptomatic and not disturb the woman. Localization of the neoplasm plays a role in the manifestation of symptoms, the growth of the endometrioid cyst of the left ovary leads to the soreness of the left, the defeat of the right body is characterized by unpleasant manifestations in the left area of \u200b\u200bthe abdominal nose.

The severity and nature of the symptoms of the endometrioid cyst of the ovary depend on a number of factors: the stage of cystomovation, the presence and degree of concomitant diseases, the characteristics of the emotional and psychological background and nervous system women.

At the initial stage of the formation of the neoplasm, the signs of the endometrioid cyst are implicit, as a result of which the formation may be detected by chance.

With the development of extensive endometriosis, symptoms is manifested before the immediate appearance of the neoplasm. For the state characterized by manifestation:

• Stretching abdominal nose pain, increasing with the beginning of the menstrual cycle;
• The occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse, in some cases impossible impossible intimate proximity;
• Disorders of the process of urination, sensation of gravity and bloating.

The growth of endometrioid education leads to hormonal violations, infertility. Pains are localized in the ovarian area, apply to the lumbar region and neighboring organs. The menstrual cycle is broken, flows longer and painful, character changes blood dischargethat become abundant. Before the start and after the end of menstruation, oscillations of bleeding can appear.

The growth of endometrium education affects the emotional state of the woman - irritability appears, sharp mood oscillations. Fast fatigue occurs, the state of the skin is worsen, there is an excessive hair growth.

When the formation breaks, the blood contained in it in the abdominal cavity occurs. In this case, the symptoms of the endometrioid cyst of the left ovary or the right body are characterized by the development of the acute inflammatory process. Peritonitis is characterized by a sharp, sudden pain. Initially, pain syndrome is present on the left or right side, gradually pain covers all the stomach.

Skin pale, acts cold sweat. The temperature rises to 40c. The state is accompanied by the attacks of nausea and vomiting, intestinal disorders (diarrhea or constipation arise).

Such a situation requires emergency medical care, because it may lead to death.

Diagnosis of endometrioid cyst of ovarian

Diagnostic activities are combined:

1. Inspection of the gynecologist. Palpation specialist detects an increase in the size and density of appendages. The patient feels painfulness indicating the occurrence of tissue seals (adhesions);
2. Ultrasound examination is one of the most common methods for assessing the state of the organs. The endometrium ovarian cyst on ultrasound is revealed in real time, while it is estimated to be the degree of its influence on the ovary and nearby organs. The dimensions of the endometrioid neoplasm, form, location location;
3. For differential diagnosis, MRI is assigned (magnetic resonance tomography). The method allows you to visualize organs and soft fabrics organism. This study identifies the nature of the content of the neoplasm, the location of the endometrioid cyst with respect to neighboring authorities, its influence on them. During the MRI, as opposed to computer tomography, X-rays are not used, due to which the examination can be prescribed to children and pregnant women;
4. Laparoscopic diagnostics. This minimally invasive method is assigned to visual assessment. structural changes, conditions of organs. Diagnostic laparoscopy is carried out through miniature holes in the peritoneum for the purpose of the intake of biomaterial, for further research;
5. When diagnosing infertility, hysterosalpingography is prescribed, during which a contrast agent is used. The method allows you to identify the cause of infertility, the pathology of female childbearing bodies, the formation of endometrioid neoplasms, adhesions;
6. Hysteroscopy is a qualitative procedure for conducting a biopsy of the inner layer of the uterus, to diagnose endometrioid formations of uterus, hyperplasia, polyposis, endometriosis, intrauterine adhesions. For the study, a hysteroscope is used (a special optical system), which is introduced through the vagina;
7. To clarify the nature of the content of the endometrioid cyst, the blood test is carried out on the monackers (CA 125). The laboratory test allows you to confirm or disprove the presence of cancer cells in the liquid of the tumor capsule;
8. The degree of probability of rebirth of the endometrioid neoplasm in a malignant form is determined using biopsy. The material is made (endometrial scraping), for further virological, immunological, histological research.

Endometrioid ovarian cyst during pregnancy

Often, the formation of neoplasms in the ovaries leads to infertility. At the same time, the possibility of natural pregnancy is not excluded. In some cases, in the future mother, the cystic cavity is found on the first weeks of pregnancy, during a planned ultrasound. In such a situation surgical operation It is postponed, the future mother is under the constant control of the attending physician.

Surgical intervention is justified when the gynecologist discovers the dynamics in the development of neoplasms, an increase in its size. The risk of rupture of the endometrioid cyst in this case increases not only by the growth of education, but also by pressure on it with a pregnant uterus.

In most cases, the forecast of the endometrioid cyst of ovaries during pregnancy is positive - education is prone to self-examination.

Treatment of endometrial ovarian cysts

With the exception of pregnancy, the endometrioid cyst is not prone to independent resorption. In cases where the neoplasm does not increase, its size does not exceed 5 cm, drug therapy is possible. The removal of the endometrioid cyst is justified with the large size of the neoplasm, which purses the threat to the patient's health.

Drug treatment of an endometrioid ovarian cyst is based on the use of hormones and is applied in the following cases:

• The size of the neoplasms do not exceed 5cm;
• No risk of moving in a malignant tumor is not confirmed;
• There is no infertility.

Hormonal treatment of the endometrioid cyst of the left ovary, as well as the right body, prevents the growth of education, stops the development of inflammatory processes, normalizes the level of hormones in the body. The most effective are the following drugs:

1. Neutralizing the effect of estrogen derivatives of men's sex hormones (Levonorggestrel);
2. Antibiotic treatment;
3. A series of OK (oral contraceptives) that contain the minimum amount of estrogen (new, regular);
4. Antidepressants and sedatives;
5. Means of anti-inflammatory and anesthetic orientation (ibuprofen, indomethacin, diclofenac);
6. Medicines that reduce the tone of the uterus (spasmalgon, barallgyne);
7. Vitamin complexes, with content in, e-groups, vitamin C.

In cases of low efficiency medical treatment Endometrioid cyst of the right ovary or organ left, deletion of education surgical method With subsequent hormone therapy.

Removal of neoplasm surgically: laparoscopy

The preparatory preoperative stage includes a standard examination, which allows to assess the overall condition of the body.

Surgical removal of education is carried out in one of 2 ways, depending on the individual characteristics of the patient:

• Laparoscopy. The cyst is removed by accessing in 5-7 millimeter holes in the peritoneum. Operation is controlled by video surveillance;
• Laparotomy - access to endometrioid neoplasm is carried out by dissection of the abdomen (front wall).

The purpose of surgical intervention is not just the removal of the contents of the capsule, and the complete excision of the formation together with the cavity. This is necessary because the remaining tissues can cause re-formation of cysts.

Laparoscopic operation consists of several stages:

• The liberation of the ovary from seals. After entering the abdominal cavity, the spikes are removed by a special electrode, which simultaneously seals vessels, preventing bleeding;
• The wall of the ovary is neatly revealed, endometrium formation is caused. In the event of a bowl break, its contents fall into the abdominal cavity, then the stomach and cystic capsule are washed with sodium chloride;
• For the remaining cystic beds act as a laser or an electric agent. This significantly reduces the risk of recurrence;
• The suturing of the ovary is substantiated in large formations and the pronounced degree of damage to the body of the body.

After surgery, postoperative hormone therapy is carried out to avoid relapses and complications. Its problem is to suppress the activity of endometrium cells, which may remain in the ovaries, the restoration of the hormonal balance in the patient's body. During the treatment, the menstrual cycle stops.

The main preparations of postoperative hormone therapy are Zoladex, Sinarlal, Danazole. Preparations are used in the form of tablets, nasal sprays, injections. The terms of therapeutic course - from 3 months to six months. After stopping the reception of hormonal funds, the cycle is restored within a month.

The additional method of preventing adhesions and complications is physiotherapy, which is assigned after histology, with unconfirmed signs of transfers of cells into cancer. The main physiotherapeutic procedures are magnetic therapy, electrophoresis, laser therapy.

Treatment of the endometrodic cyst of the ovarian folk remedies

Unconventional treatment methods are used as postoperative therapy, after carrying out laparoscopy of the endometrioid ovary cyst. In some cases, the herbalism is an alternative to hormone therapy. Methods of traditional medicine must be applied with the resolution of the gynecologist.

The most common and effective are recipes of alternative medicine using a boroval uterus, dandelion, comprehensive herbal fees.

Ortlia (Borish Matter)

One of the results of the treatment and prevention of various pathologies of the female reproductive system, including endometrium cysts - boring uterus. Grass has a number of properties that help in treatment gynecological diseases:

• The effects of grass contributes to the resorption of endometrioid formations;
• Has an anti-inflammatory effect;
• It has an antibacterial effect, destroys the reproduction of malicious bacteria and microorganisms in the urogenital system.

To prepare the sheep of grass, it is necessary to pour 1 tablespoon of the dried plant with a glass of steep boiling water. The liquid container is placed on a water bath, it is 10 minutes. Then the decoction is fastened, it is cooled and accepted on a 1stolular spoon to 5 times a day before meals.

The effectiveness of ortilia in the struggle against the endometrioid cyst is enhanced by an additional admission of wip and red brushes. For the preparation of infusions, you need to take a 1 teaspoon of detached grass, brew a glass of steep boiling water for 15 minutes.

Cuts are accepted in 3 stages. In the first week after the end of menstruation, the infusion of Ortlia is taken on 2 tablespoons three times a day. The second week is made in the infusion of a red brush according to a diagram similar to the reception of a boring uterus. The third week is drinking a decoction of wintering.

No less effective in alcohol's infusion on alcohol. 50 g. The raw materials flooded by half a liter of vodka. The container with the liquid is tightly closed and insisted in a dark place for 14 days. A bottle with content must be regularly shaken. At the end of the readiness time, the tincture is filtered and drinking in front of food, dissolving 30 drops of funds in a glass of water. The tincture is accepted 4 times a day for 3 weeks.

Dandelion

The flower has antitumor, tonic, cleansing characteristics. Flower rhizomes are used to treat endometrioid education. Infusion and decoctions from the plant reduce the volume of the contents of the cystic capsule, prevents the development of the neoplasm.

Therapeutic agents from the dandelion are accepted according to the same scheme: decoction or infusion drink 2 tablespoons three times a day. The tool is taken 1 hour before meals. The use of vegetable medication begins 5 days before the start of the menstrual cycle.

For the preparation of infusion, the pure dried rhizomes of the plant are cut by a knife and grind in a blender to the state of the casher. Then 1 teaspoon of raw materials is poured with a glass of steep boiling water. The tool is insisted for 30 minutes, filtered and accepted inside.

The plants decoction effectively apply. For this, 2 tablespoons of crushed rhizomes are flooded by half a liter of steep boiling water, the container with the liquid is placed on a water bath. The tool must be tomorrow at minimum heat 60 minutes. A ready-made decoction can be stored in a cool place for up to 3 days.

Complex vegetable fees

Fighting with endometrioid formations of ovaries helps plant fees:

Complex of 3 herbs. It is necessary to mix in the same fractions of chamomile flowers, a mother-and-stepmother, a donon. 2 spoons of herbal raw materials are placed in a thermos and pour the half-liter of steep boiling water. After 3 hours, the decoction is fastened. The prepared amount is designed for 1 day;

Comprehensive collection of 5 plants. In the same proportions mix: root of the radiol, chamomile, Kalinsky Bark, rowan berries, dyeing. 2 tablespoons of the resulting mixture are poured with 2 glasses of steep boiling water. The container with the liquid is covered, insisted in 3 hours. After that, focusing, is accepted by half a compartment 4 times a day.

The course of receiving plant decoctions must be continued to 3 months. Breaks are made during the menstrual cycle.

The endometrioid ovarian cyst is a benign extensive formation resulting from the accumulation on the surface of the ovary of the cells of the endometrium. Visually, such a cyst looks like a bubble filled with dark brown liquid.

Endometrioid cyst manifests itself with a disruption of the menstrual cycle, abundant menstruation, bleeding in the middle of the cycle. According to symptoms, an endometrioid cyst is similar to other types of cyst. To form an accurate diagnosis, identify the reasons for the formation of cysts and production individual Plan Treatment, a gynecologist appoints a survey, tests and observes a disease in dynamics.

In gynecology, an endometrioid cyst belongs to the manifestations of endometriosis, namely, its genital form. The fabric of the inner surface of the uterus is called endometrial. Its main function is to take a fertilized egg, give it to fix it in the uterine cavity. For this reason, the endometrium is growing and thickened during the entire menstrual cycle. There is such pathology when endometrium is growing not only in the uterine cavity, but in other places - in the cavity of the small pelvis, on the surface internal organs. This disease was called "Endometriosis".

Endometrioid cyst is formed on the surface of the ovary from a small hearth. With each menstrual cycle, this focus gradually increases under the influence of female sex hormones, and the blood accumulates inside it, forming, thereby, the neoplasm is an endometrioid cyst. Blood with time is thickened and dark, turning into a dark brown thick, similar to chocolate. Hence the second name of the endometrioid cyst - "Chocolate cyst". In size, chocolate cysts can reach 12 cm.

- Hereditary predisposition.

Eliminate endometrial in the ovaries and contribute to the formation of endometrial cysts can: live operations in the uterus and appendages, including cesarean section, Hysteroscopy, scraping of the uterus, obesity, stress, disorders in the work of the thyroid gland.

The manifestation of symptoms of the disease directly depends on its degree. On the initial stage The formation of an endometrioid cyst should pay attention to the following signs:

- menstrual selection becomes more abundant and accompanied by pain in the field of small pelvis;

- short bleeding in the middle of the cycle;

If, when you find the above symptoms, do not consult a doctor, may occur: strong pain In the abdomen, weakness, nausea, apathy, an increase in body temperature, problems with the gastrointestinal tract and functioning of the genitourinary system, an increase in the duration of menstruation (more than 7 days), infertility.

Diagnosis of endometrioid cysts

Primary signs of the endometrioid ovarian cyst are very similar to the symptoms of other types of cyst. For accurate diagnosis of the disease, a number of laboratory and instrumental studies are assigned.

Well visualized "chocolate cyst" when ultrasound examShe is clearly visible by a white spot on a black background. But for the exact formulation of the diagnosis of one-time, the ultrasound is not enough, since the endometrioid cyst is similar to a pile of yellow body (functional) and dermoid cyan. Therefore, it should be observed for a pile in the dynamics - the functional cyst resolves independently, and the endometrioid will remain unchanged or increase in size. Computer tomography, laparoscopy and puncture of cysts can also be assigned to the patient.

As part of the laboratory diagnostics, such studies are conducted:

• blood test for hormones;
• the study of oncomarcresses (often under endometriosis increases the SA-125 level).

Endometrioid cyst during pregnancy

The endometrioid cyst of small size usually does not affect pregnancy and does not require treatment during this period. The danger to mother and fetus health is usually associated with a gynecological disease.

If the endometrium cyst during pregnancy begins to grow, the woman is carried out regardless of the term.

Treatment of endometrioid cysts

Treatment of endometrioid cyst, as well as many other gynecological diseases, can be conservative and surgical. The treatment method depends on many factors. The operation is usually prescribed in the following cases:

- endometrium cyst reaches 5 cm and more, while observation in the dynamics shows that its growth increases steadily;

- conservative treatment for half a year did not give results;

- Neighboring organs (straight and thick intestine, urinary pathways, etc.) are involved in the pathological process;

- the suppuration of the endometrioid cyst;

- in the presence of contraindications to treatment with hormonal drugs;

- when the adhesion process makes it impossible to occur a pregnancy;

- expressed pain syndrome.

Surgical treatment of cysts, as a rule, is carried out by a laparoscopic way. Residual endometrium foci is migrated or removed using a laser. To prevent recurrence, after the operation, the patient is recommended to pass hormonal therapy or get pregnant.

Excessive treatment of endometrioid cysts is carried out through hormonal drugs. Universal treatment regimen does not exist. Based on the examinations of the patient, its hormonal background, the doctor develops individual treatment tactics. Drug therapy It can give a significant result only at the initial stage of the disease, while it does not exclude the appearance of relapses.

Endometrioid ovarian cyst is systemic disease With local manifestations.

The disease develops against the background of the appearance of the fabric, which resembles endometrium, but it is not developing in the uterine cavity, but in the ovary.

Most often, the disease is diagnosed in women aged 25 to 50 years. Amazes for the most part both ovaries. It is rare to observe the endometrioid cyst of the left ovary or an endometrioid cyst of the right ovary. Usually endometriosis can solve themselves when the climax occurs.

Causes of occurrence

No doctor will call you the exact cause of the appearance of endometrioid cyst. But there are a number of predisposing factors that ultimately lead to illness:

1. Heredity.
2. High estrogen.
3. Failures in the immune system.
4. Miscarriages and abortions.
5. Often there is a given disease in unborn women.
6. Anguulatory menstruation.
7. Application and long-term wearing contraceptives inside the uterus.

In addition, the mechanism of development of the disease can be launched and reasons:

1. Operations that can damage the endometrium layer.
2. Diseases of the thyroid gland.
3. Excess weight.
4. Permanent stress.
5. Environmental factor.

Types of pathology

Most often, the cyst is formed immediately on two ovaries and is called bilateral. One-sided defeat is extremely rare.

If you judge the spread of ovarian cysts, you can classify the disease as follows:

• 1 degree. Initially, small endometrium heterotopias occur on the ovaries. These are small point formations, so even with ultrasound examination, it is not always possible to detect them.
• 2 degree. On one ovary there is an outflow of 5-6 cm in diameter. This is a cyst. And in the region of the peritoneum, small spikes appear.
• 3 degree. At this stage of the disease of the cyst of the ovary reaches more than 6 cm, and the spikes in a rude cavity are becoming more. Endometriosis reaches the region of the uterus.
• 4 degree. Cysts are big sizes, they are formed on both ovaries. Endometriosis affects the neighboring organs - the abdominal cavity, the thick intestine, the urinary paths, the straight-turn uterine cavity.

Signs of endometrioid cysts

Speaking about the symptoms of the disease, they directly depend on the size of the cyst and the degree of its development.

At the beginning of the aless, the following manifestations of the disease are observed:

1. The menstrual cycle is broken.
2. Blood selection during menstruation becomes abundant.
3. In the middle of the cycle can also be observed blood discharge.
4. The feeling of discomfort and pain at the moment of sexual intercourse, as well as painful menstruation.

It is advisable to apply for medical help at this moment, if this is not done, then other symptoms will be added over time:

1. Long menstruation (more than a week).
2. Feeling of weakness, fendering, apathetic state.
3. Strong abdominal pain.
4. Increase body temperature.
5. Disruption of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract.
6. Impossibility to get pregnant.

Since these symptoms are similar to other types of ovarian cysts, you should pass thorough diagnosis.

Diagnosis and methods of treatment of ovarian cysts

Diagnosis of the disease Next:

1. Blood test, it determines the presence of an inflammatory process, as well as a hormonal woman background.
2. Ultrasound procedure.
3. CT scan.

If there is no testimony to the operation, the course of treatment with hormonal drugs is prescribed.

Surgical intervention is carried out if the legs of the cyst occurred, and if there was a breakthrough of the contents of the cyst in the peritoneum. An indication of the operation may be the lack of effect from hormone therapy.

Such a form as dermoid cysts require only surgical removal, also in the patient register anti-inflammatory agents and treatment aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease. With this form as an endometrium ovarian cyst is treated with endometriosis itself. It is very important for a woman of childbearing age in time to begin treatment in time, as otherwise dislikes infertility.

If nevertheless, the doctor chose conservative treatment, then therapy provides for continuous observation of a woman in order to view the growth rate of education.

After 40 years, patients can make an operation with a complete removal of ovaries and uterus.

Possible complications

The lack of treatment of this ailment leads to a number of complications:

1. The appearance of adhesions in the peritoneum. And this gradually leads to infertility.
2. Many are interested in the question - can an endometrioid cyst grow into a malignant tumor? With favorable factors, it is quite possible.

Due to the fact that the disease may not manifest itself for a long time, subsequently she is difficult to treat.

What are the forecasts

Generally operational intervention does not bear the side manifestations. On the contrary, the patient begins to feel better:

• pains almost cease to disturb;
• menstrual cycle normalizes;
• restore childbearing functions.

Even if an operation was performed, a woman should regularly pass an ultrasound and explore the SA-125 level.

Removal of endometrioid cysts

Most often conduct surgical treatment of ovarian cysts. The operation is carried out by hormones treatment. After the removal of the cyst is also assigned a number of medicines from the Agonist Group of GNVG or Progestogen. This is done so that there are no recurrences of the disease. The course lasts an average of 9-12 months.

Currently, the operation is done using laparoscopy when the tool is entered into small cuts in the abdomen and the entire process of the procedure is fixed by the camcorder. Together with a pile, its capsule is excised. Reproduction authorities are not affected, it leaves the opportunity to conceive a woman in the future and give birth to a child.

But if the cyst of large sizes and almost absorbed the ovary, then you have to remove the cyst completely together with the ovary.

But there are a number of contraindications to laparoscopy of endometrioid ovarian cyst:

1. Availability acute infections And the operation is not carried out within a month after cure.
2. Problems with heart and vessels. Bad blood coagulation, respiratory pathology.
3. The presence of hernia in the area of \u200b\u200bgroin and whether on the peritoneum.
4. The cyst of large sizes.
5. The presence of cancerium tumor.

In some cases, if there is a testimony, an extension operation is carried out.