Jaw hurts when opening mouth and chewing. Why can the jaw hurt on the right side? Cheek pain when opening mouth

Pain when opening the mouth is a fairly common and unpleasant symptom. This can be both a temporary, passing phenomenon, and a signal dangerous pathology. To find out what to do if it hurts to open your mouth, you need to pay attention to a number of accompanying symptoms.

Reason: wisdom teeth

Wisdom teeth, or figure eights, are the outermost teeth in the jaw row. They are cut at the age of 16 to 25 years, when the change of teeth to permanent ones has already ended. Not all people have "Eights" - for some they are not laid or are not present in a complete set.

Why does it hurt to open your mouth

The intensity of pain depends on the characteristics of teething and individual pain threshold.

In this case, it's all about the location of the wisdom teeth.

They are located on the edge of the jaw arch in the cheekbone area, the distance between them and the temporomandibular joint is minimal.

In addition, the rudiments of "eights" are usually located deeper in the gum than the rest, so their eruption is much more painful than the appearance of other teeth, causing swelling of the gum mucosa, which can spread to soft tissues around the joint.

The nature of the pain and associated symptoms

The pain in such situations is constant, it intensifies when you try to open your mouth completely, while talking, chewing, it hurts to yawn.

The intensity of the pain depends on the characteristics of the teething and the individual pain threshold - it is a slight discomfort, to a serious pain that does not allow you to fall asleep.

In addition, the gum swells, the submandibular lymph nodes increase, and the temperature may rise. In some cases, the mouth practically does not open.

How to alleviate the condition

To relieve pain, you can use medications - ointments Kamistad, Kalgel. To relieve inflammation and swelling, the oral cavity is rinsed with solutions of antiseptics, painkillers and medicinal herbs.

A cold compress may also improve the condition. It is acceptable to take painkillers. If a noticeable improvement cannot be achieved within 3-4 days, you need to go to the dentist.

Injuries

Injuries mandible and her joints happen quite often and rarely go away without consequences. This is due to the fact that it is quite difficult to fix the lower jaw in case of a fracture or dislocation, and bruises often remain without treatment at all. As a result, the healing of the lower jaw occurs incorrectly.

Why does it hurt to open your mouth

In case of damage to the lower jaw, the mobility of the temporomandibular joint is impaired

In case of damage to the lower jaw, the mobility of the temporomandibular joint is impaired.

In addition, all the muscles that move the lower jaw involve this particular joint, causing sharp pain in it.

The nature of sensations and associated symptoms

The pain is constant, aggravated by opening the mouth, talking, chewing. Among the accompanying symptoms are pronounced soft tissue edema, a change in the shape or position of the jaw, and pathological mobility.

Treatment Methods

For treatment, the patient needs to contact the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery.

After diagnostic procedures that allow you to determine the type of lesion, a surgical manipulation is performed to restore the normal position of the jaw. After that, a long recovery period is required.

Dental pathologies

Inflammatory processes in the oral cavity, caries of wisdom teeth, pulpitis can lead to the fact that it will be painful to open your mouth. Not every dental pathology is manifested by such symptoms.

To date, there are many different methods to cope with caries, pulpitis and stomatitis.

Pain is associated with inflammatory process soft tissues are involved, located near the temporomandibular joint on the left or right.

For example, with inflammation of the hood of the wisdom tooth or pulpitis in the molars (back teeth, in dental practice designated by numbers 6 and 7).

The main localization of pain is the affected tooth or mucous membrane, when opening the mouth, talking and eating, the discomfort spreads to the joint of the lower jaw. There is often bad breath.

Treatment Methods

You need to treat bad teeth in the dental office. To date, there are many different methods to cope with caries, pulpitis and stomatitis. Most often, they resort to removing the affected part of the tooth and placing a filling.

Neoplasms

Malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity are deadly, but often their early manifestations seem harmless.

Why does it hurt to open your mouth

Malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity are deadly, but often their early manifestations seem harmless.

Pain is associated with damage to soft tissues located near the temporomandibular joint on the right and left sides, their partial destruction.

It is also possible to damage the joint itself.

Soreness is increasing, constant, in the last stages of the disease the patient cannot sleep.

There is a smell from the mouth, ulcers on the mucosa, loss of teeth, impaired diction and voice.

Treatment Methods

Chemotherapy is used to treat malignant tumors, radiation treatment. Carrying out a full-fledged operation with the removal of damaged tissue is impossible due to the large number of vital structures - blood vessels, nerves.

Vascular damage

Pathological processes in the vessels can lead to impaired blood supply to the jaw joint. In this case, the patient not only experiences pain when opening the mouth, but also experiences impaired mobility.

Cause of soreness

Pain occurs due to impaired blood supply to the muscles of the lower jaw, as well as due to inflammatory processes in the vessels themselves

Pain occurs due to impaired blood supply to the muscles of the lower jaw, as well as due to inflammatory processes in the vessels themselves.

The nature of the pain and associated symptoms

The pain can be burning (arteritis), pulling, pressing, squeezing.

It can spread not only to the joint and jaw, but also to neighboring areas - the ear, wings of the nose, cheek. As concomitant symptoms - a violation of the opening of the mouth.

Treatment Methods

Depend on the specific pathology of the vessel. Various therapeutic measures can be carried out - the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, painkillers, if necessary - surgery on the vessels of the lower jaw.

Neurological pathologies

Neurogenic pain, i.e. sensations caused by pathologies of the facial or trigeminal nerve often occur after hypothermia, head and face injuries. Always accompanied by additional symptoms, which allows you to determine the damage to the nerve.

Why does it hurt to open your mouth

Opening the mouth is accompanied by pain, as the affected nerve is irritated.

Feelings and accompanying symptoms

Pain can be completely different in nature.

Concomitant symptoms depend on which nerve is affected - pain in neighboring areas of the face, dry mouth, impaired facial expressions, cough, sore throat, swallowing disorders, sore throat, inability to chew, impaired diction.

Treatment Methods

Joint pathologies

Pathologies of the joint that are not associated with trauma - arthritis, dysfunction, and others - cause a violation of the basic mechanisms of its work, so the process of opening and closing the mouth becomes painful.

The occurrence of pain

Pain is associated with damage to the joint, with movement it intensifies due to an increase in the load on the joint. If there is an inflammatory process, then it also contributes to the formation of discomfort.

The nature of the pain and associated symptoms

Soreness is constant, aggravated by opening the mouth, chewing, talking, pressing on the joint. May radiate to the teeth on both jaws, ear, cheeks, head and all over the face. Local swelling is possible.

Treatment Methods

Depending on the causes of the pathology, anti-inflammatory, painkillers are used, sometimes surgery is necessary. If necessary, joint replacement is possible.

Dislocation of the lower jaw

Inflammation

Inflammatory process (boil, osteomyelitis, abscess, phlegmon, etc.) on the skin of the lower jaw, oral mucosa, soft tissues of the cheek can involve the joint and masticatory muscles. Such conditions require urgent intervention.

Causes of soreness

Mouth opening disorder is associated with the involvement in the process of the joint, muscles or nerves that ensure the opening of the mouth. Another reason is that when moving in the joint, the position of the inflamed tissues changes.

Feelings and accompanying symptoms

The pain is constant, sharp, twitching. Among the accompanying symptoms are fever, swelling of the face on the affected side, enlarged lymph nodes under the jaw and on the neck, decreased jaw mobility.

If inflammation is under the skin, then the skin becomes hot, thinner. Furuncle on the face (more common in men) is clearly visible.

Treatment Methods

Purulent inflammatory processes are treated surgically. The doctor opens the affected area, rinses it with antibiotics, leaves a drain to drain the pus. The patient is prescribed a course of antibiotics, regular dressings, washings postoperative wound antiseptic solutions.

Other possible causes

In addition to those listed above, there are other reasons that can cause pain in the jaw and when opening the mouth.

These diseases are not related to the jaw apparatus:

Disease	Cause of the pain	Associated symptoms	Treatment
Tetanus	Nerve damage	Convulsions, opisthotonos, muscle pains all over the body	Antibacterial therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy
carotidynia	Defeat carotid artery	Pain in the face headache, arising from seizures	Individual
red ear syndrome	Violation of the blood supply - expansion of blood vessels in the ear	Pain in the ear, jaw, teeth, half of the face. Ear redness	Individual. In rare cases, surgery
Calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders	Bone pathology, osteoporosis	Bone pain, bone deformity or brittleness, muscle twitching and weakness	Calcium and phosphorus preparations, enzyme preparations to improve absorption
Angina	Irradiation of pain from the tonsils, or swelling of the tonsils	Redness of the throat, enlargement of the tonsils in size, cough, painful swallowing	Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs
Otitis	Irradiation of pain	Pain and congestion in the ear, hearing loss	Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, antiseptic ear drops

Diagnostics

In order to make an accurate diagnosis, it may be necessary to go through several specialists.

To suggest which doctor will help, additional symptoms can:

To establish the causes, a detailed examination of a specialized specialist is needed, in the presence of a discharge, its analysis, as well as radiography of the jaws, general and biochemical analyzes blood.

These examinations will tell you what additional measures need to be taken to establish the cause of the disease.

Pain when opening the mouth in a child

Features of pain in children is that the baby can rarely describe the symptom in detail, as well as assess its severity. In addition, children often tend to hide from adults if something hurts them, especially if they are afraid of doctors.

Parents should pay attention to the following features:

The child began to speak indistinctly and reluctantly;
It hurts or it is impossible to open your mouth wide;
Eats poorly, tries to avoid chewing food;
There is swelling on the face on one side;
The kid holds on to the ear or jaw, constantly touching them.

These signs can indirectly tell parents that the baby's jaw hurts.

Every day, without noticing it, a person makes a lot of jaw movements while talking and eating. Sometimes these movements become tangible and difficult. If the jaw starts to hurt when you open your mouth and when you chew, do not make sudden movements and you should immediately consult a doctor - a traumatologist, surgeon or therapist.

Jaw hurts when chewing and opening the mouth: common causes

Pain in the temporomandibular joint area can occur under various circumstances. The most common causes of pathology are listed in the table:

Cause group	Possible diagnoses
Injuries of the temporomandibular joint - occur as a result of blows, falls, abrupt opening of the mouth, chewing solid food, careless actions of the dentist.	Fracture - violation of the integrity of the upper, lower or both jaws at the same time. Dislocation - damage to the joint with displacement of the articular surface of the bones. A bruise is an injury to soft tissues without disruption of skeletal components.
Purulent-inflammatory processes - occur when an infection enters the bone tissue, sometimes after an injury.	Phlegmon, abscess - severe purulent inflammation that can destroy a large area of soft and hard tissues. Furuncle - subcutaneous limited suppuration. Osteomyelitis is inflammation of the bones.
Tumors are growths of tissue due to uncontrolled cell division.	Adamantioma is an overgrowth of jaw tissue. Osteoma is a slowly growing benign tumor. Osteoclastoclastoma is a tumor that can be accompanied by deformity and frequent bone fractures. Sarcoma is a malignant growth of bone or cartilage.
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system	Arthritis is a disease of the joints with limited movement, often developing against the background of autoimmune diseases. Arthrosis - degenerative changes in joints with destruction of cartilage.

Other causes of jaw pain

In other cases, pain in the jaw on the left or right does not appear due to pathological problems in the jaw tissues, but due to inflammation of the nearby structures:

On the left, on the right, or on both sides, the jaw can hurt with otitis media - inflammation of the ear. The more actively the inflammatory process develops, the further the pain spreads. First, she gives to the auricles, then to the cheekbones and jaw. Often pain syndrome has a shooting character.
In the upper jaw and cheekbone pain gives with sinusitis- inflammation of the airways.
Pain can be triggered by an advanced form of caries when the lesion reaches the pulp chamber and affects the nerve. With some varieties of pulpitis, it is very difficult to determine the source of pain.
Pain on the right or left side of the jaw near the ear can be triggered by a cutting wisdom tooth.
If, after prosthetics, it became painful for a person to chew, and his jaw began to hurt on one side of his face, the cause of the symptoms could be an incorrect shape or incorrect installation of the prosthesis.
Problems of a neurological nature: neuralgia with pinching of the glossopharyngeal, trigeminal nerve.
Bruxism is the nighttime grinding of the teeth.

Associated symptoms

Pain in the jaw when yawning, opening the mouth and chewing - general symptom for numerous diseases. To find out why the jaw hurts, the analysis of accompanying symptoms helps. Presence/manifestation is taken into account:

Elevated body temperature.
Runny nose, sore throat, sinuses, ear.
Hearing impairment.
Pain in other joints of the body.
Weakness, dizziness.
Joint and bone deformities.
Ulcers on the skin or in the mouth.
Toothache.
Cracking in the joint when the mouth opens.
Severe pain: when the jaw is broken, it hurts so much that the mouth cannot be opened.
Increased pain in the joint when turning the head to the left or right.
Enlargement of lymph nodes.

With dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), headaches may occur, a person is constantly accompanied by a crunch in the jaw.

Diagnostics

If a person has pain in the jaw near the ear, and it hurts to open his mouth, he should see a doctor as soon as possible. You should contact a dentist or therapist, if there is an injury - a traumatologist or surgeon. If the dentist does not find dental reasons pain, he will refer the patient to the appropriate specialist.

Various examinations may be needed for diagnosis:

X-ray of the jaw.
Examination by an otolaryngologist using special instruments.
Blood analysis.
Bacterial culture of purulent secretions.

How to treat pain in the jaw joint when opening the mouth

The pain in the jaw will not subside until the underlying disease is cured. If the patient takes painkillers, but does not pass the diagnosis and does not begin treatment under the supervision of a doctor, the symptom will worsen. The direction of treatment depends entirely on the diagnosis and is very different in each case:

In case of injuries, limitation of joint mobility is indicated, sometimes surgical restoration of the integrity of the jaw and jaw joint is required.
Inflammatory processes in soft and hard tissues, as well as ENT organs, are treated with antibiotics - if it is reliably established that the inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection. May need surgery to remove accumulated pus.
In oncological processes in the body, special means are used that control cell division and inhibit tissue growth. Later stages of disease progression are treated with radiation and chemotherapy.
When the structure is broken bone tissue vitamins, complex preparations with vitamins and minerals, anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs for the normalization of cartilage tissue, a special diet are prescribed. Sometimes pain medication is injected directly into the joint.
With neuralgia, injections are made to block the nerve, prescribe sedatives and vitamin preparations, physiotherapy, acupuncture.
Caries, pulpitis and other damage to the teeth are treated with a filling or a tooth is removed. If the prosthesis causes pain, it must be replaced.

What to do if the jaw near the ear hurts when you open your mouth and when you chew

Without a diagnosis, a person cannot choose the correct treatment - that's why you can't treat jaw diseases on your own. In addition, some of these pathologies are useless to treat without hospital conditions.

Although the patient himself is unable to cure such a symptom, sometimes at home it is required urgent help because the pain is very intense. To reduce discomfort, following these recommendations helps:

Do not heat the jaw area near the ear: if there is a purulent-inflammatory process, such manipulations will provoke a rapid release of pus and its spread into the bloodstream, which threatens with intoxication and general infection. To relieve discomfort, you can make a cool compress, but only if the pain is not caused by an infection.
Yawn, chew, open your mouth should be very careful.
So that the pain does not increase, you need to temporarily refuse solid and viscous food, which requires an increased chewing load. You can't chew gum.
If it hurts to open your mouth, talk should be kept to a minimum.
If the patient has a jaw injury - he cannot open his mouth, yawn, speak - you need to call ambulance and try to provide maximum rest to the broken joint. Jaw movement and head rotation can cause the bones to move. With open fractures, the skin around the wound is treated with an antiseptic. If there are bone fragments, they should not be touched.

Prevention

Treatment for pain in the jaw near the ear when opening the mouth can be very difficult and lengthy. Therefore, it is better to take care in advance that such a symptom does not appear. For this, it is necessary to prevent those diseases that affect the jaw, joint structures and tissues located nearby:

When talking, yawning and biting off food, do not open your mouth too wide.
You can not get carried away with too hard and viscous food - it can harm not only the teeth, but also the joints.
It is necessary to avoid drafts and hypothermia, contacts with infectious-infected people.
A varied diet is needed to provide all beneficial substances bone and cartilage tissue.
After installing the prosthesis on one or both sides, you should carefully check its compliance with the anatomical shape of the jaw: you need to open and close your mouth, try to close your teeth. If discomfort is felt, the prosthesis will have to be adjusted.
It is necessary to treat diseased teeth in time so that the infection does not penetrate into the maxillary or mandibular bone.
If suddenly the jaw began to hurt on the left or right side, you should immediately consult a doctor - such a symptom may indicate a dangerous disease that requires urgent treatment.

If your jaw joint hurts when you open your mouth, don't put off going to the dentist. Relying on self-medication is not recommended, since the diseases that are likely to occur with such a symptom in an advanced form can be life-threatening.

According to the American Dental Association, about seventy-five million people in the United States suffer from different kind dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. But often these patients do not receive proper diagnosis and suffer for years from chronic pain in the jaw, radiating ( giving) to the head, neck, ears and other areas. Various disorders of the function of the temporomandibular joint and joint pain are the reason a wide range painful symptoms, from moderate to permanent, causing severe discomfort to the patient. Sometimes such pains are accompanied by difficulty opening the mouth, dysfunction of the jaw, as well as painful clicking in the joint.

Anatomy of the temporomandibular joint, groups of perimaxillary lymph nodes

Upper and lower jaw

The upper jaw is the facial bone of the skull, consisting of paired bones.

The upper jaw consists of:

body;
four surfaces ( anterior, posterior temporal, orbital, nasal);
four shoots ( frontal, zygomatic, palatine, alveolar).

There are eight cells on the alveolar processes ( alveoli) for the occurrence of eight teeth on each side ( only sixteen teeth).

The facial region of the skull also includes the lower jaw, which is an unpaired and movable bone.

The lower jaw consists of:

body;
two branches ( between them is the angle of the jaw).

The branches of the lower jaw consist of the coronal and zygomatic processes ( between them is a notch). On the inner surface of the branch there is a tuberosity for the attachment of the pterygoid muscles. On the outer surface, in turn, there is a masticatory tuberosity.

The alveolar part of the lower jaw has sixteen cells for the occurrence of teeth.

The lower jaw is involved in the formation of the temporomandibular joint.

Temporomandibular joint

The upper jaw is fixedly connected to the skull. The function of the masticatory apparatus is the result of the movement of the lower jaw in the temporomandibular joint. By its structure, this is one of the most complex joints.

The temporomandibular joint is located at the point of articulation of the lower jaw and the temporal bone of the skull. Every time a person chews, the temporomandibular joint moves, as does swallowing and talking. Thus, it is one of the most mobile and constantly used joints in the body.

The temporomandibular joint consists of:

articular tubercle of the temporal bone;
heads;
disk;
capsules;
ligaments.

The disc is fused with the articular capsule and divides the articular cavity into two parts. In the lower part, rotational movements of the articular head predominate, and in the upper part, translational, that is, sliding movements.

In the temporomandibular joint, movements are possible in the following directions:

vertical ( lower jaw goes down and up);
sagittal ( movement of the lower jaw forward and backward);
frontal ( movement of the lower jaw to the side, right and left).

The articular tubercle forms the anterior wall of the articular fossa. The articular head slides on its surface when the jaw moves. The shape of the articular tubercle depends on the type of bite. For example, with orthognathic bite ( when the upper teeth overlap the lower ones) a tubercle of medium size, and with a curve - flat.

It should be noted that when the temporomandibular joint ceases to function in a normal way, this is reflected in all aspects Everyday life person and becomes a source constant pain and discomfort.

The lymph nodes

Lymph nodes are organs of the immune system. They trap dead cells, foreign particles, microbial bodies, and tumor cells. They form lymphocytes.

Lymph nodes are located in the path of lymph flow. The vessels through which the lymph goes to the node are called bringing, and through which it leaves - taking out.

From fabrics to lymphatic vessels colloidal solutions of proteins, the remains of destroyed cells, bacteria, lymphocytes arrive. Through the afferent vessels, they reach the lymph nodes, foreign particles linger in them, and the purified lymph and lymphocytes exit through the efferent vessels.

There are up to eight hundred lymph nodes in the body of an adult. They are located in separate groups. Allocate groups of nodes of the head, neck, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity, inguinal and others.

Lymph nodes have different shape, more often oval, bean-shaped, less often - segmental and ribbon-shaped.

Consider the groups of lymph nodes that are affected when the jaw and temporomandibular joint are disturbed ( for example, in the presence of an infectious-inflammatory process).

Group of lymph nodes	Description	Name of lymph nodes
*Lymph nodes of the head*	They are divided into superficial and deep.	parotid nodes; occipital nodes; mastoid nodes; submandibular nodes; chin knots; facial nodes.
*Lymph nodes in the neck*	Divided into anterior and lateral, as well as superficial and deep The lymph nodes.	anterior superficial lymph nodes are located near the anterior jugular vein; anterior deep lymph nodes are located near the organs and have the same name with them ( e.g. lingual, laryngeal, tracheal); lateral deep lymph nodes include supraclavicular, pharyngeal, and anterior and lateral jugular nodes.

Normally, the lymph nodes are not palpable, if there is an increase in their size, as well as pain, this indicates the presence of a pathological process in this area.

Why does pain occur when opening the mouth?

If a person experiences pain when opening his mouth, this indicates a malfunction of the temporomandibular joint.

Pain in the temporomandibular joint can be:

sharp ( suddenly appear and disappear);
chronic ( regular pain for a long time).

In most cases, acute temporary pain in the jaw joint is caused by acute effusions that appear if a person has kept his mouth open for a long time, for example, when visiting a dentist. When a jaw joint effusion occurs, fluid or blood collects inside the joint. So, for example, the day after a visit to the doctor, a person may have a feeling that the teeth do not fit well on top of each other or pain appears when opening the mouth.

Usually, to eliminate this kind of pain, the imposition of a cold compress and the creation of a gentle load on the temporomandibular joint for several days effectively help, that is, it is necessary to refuse chewing gum and dishes that require intensive chewing. You also need to carefully open and close your mouth ( e.g. coughing, yawning).

Chronic pain that occurs regularly and for no apparent reason may indicate the presence of a pathological process in the jaw joint, for example, with arthrosis of the joint that has developed as a result of the absence of supporting lateral teeth. If there are no molars in this place, then the chewing load is transferred not to the teeth, but to the bone. Chewing muscles, in turn, begin to squeeze the head of the temporomandibular joint into the articular cavity. This leads to the fact that the joint is too much stress and the person develops chronic pain.

Each person reacts differently to overload of the jaw joint. For most people in these situations, over the course of many years, the restructuring of the joint passes, and the joint gradually degenerates.

It should also be noted that the appearance of pain in the jaw joint can be caused by diseases of the middle ear and some diseases of the bones.

Most often, with pain in the jaw joint, atypical facial pain and trigeminal neuralgia are misdiagnosed.

Clinical, instrumental diagnostics, as well as a thorough questioning about the nature of the pain experienced, make it possible to make an accurate diagnosis of pain in the temporomandibular joint, separating it from other etiological factors that cause pain in the skull area.

Why does the temporomandibular joint click when opened?

Clicks when opening the jaw are possible when the movements in the jaw are asymmetrical. This is due to the fact that the chewing muscles located on the right and left can have different lengths. As a result of this, the movements in the joint become asymmetrical and when the mouth is opened, clicks occur on one side.

Also, one of the causes of clicks of the temporomandibular joint in children is the growth of lymphoid tissue in the form of palatine tonsils or adenoids. Normally, a person breathes through the nose, and the excessive growth of this tissue reduces the volume of the airways and the person begins to breathe through the mouth. Over time, this leads to the fact that the lower jaw drops, and the tongue, following the jaw, leaves the arch of the palate and lies behind the lower teeth.

During normal nasal breathing, when the tongue occupies the vault of the palate, the pressure from the cheeks is balanced by the tongue. With oral breathing, nothing resists the pressure of the cheeks. As a result, an imbalance occurs, which ultimately leads to deformation and narrowing. upper jaw, which acquires a horseshoe or V-shape.

It also interferes with swallowing. When swallowed, the tongue rests on the lateral teeth, preventing their normal eruption ( lateral tongue laying). A permanently open mouth, in turn, leads to protrusion lower incisors (anterior teeth) up. As a result, there is a deformation of the lower dentition with shortened crowns of premolars ( small molars) and painters ( large molars), as well as advanced lower incisors and canines ( cone teeth). There is a distal step, that is, a decrease in the lower dentition behind the canines.

As a result of such deformation of the upper and lower dentition, contacts arise that displace the lower jaw from the physiological trajectory distally ( down). The narrowed upper jaw displaces the lower jaw posteriorly, while the articular head also moves distally, and the articular disc, in turn, moves forward. When the mouth is opened, the disc can move to the articular head, restoring its normal position, and when closed, it can return to the front position again, resulting in a reciprocal click.

It should be noted that a distally displaced mandible and tongue cause an even greater narrowing of the airways. In order to open the airways, the neck begins to move forward, and the head tilts back. This increases the load on the spine and muscles, which subsequently leads to the development of pain in the neck, back and shoulders.

Clicks when opening the mouth can also be observed with the wrong position of the jaws. Violation of the correct position of the jaw can cause parafunctional muscle activity, in the form of teeth grinding, that is, bruxism. Over time, bruxism can lead to excessive tooth wear ( pathological abrasion). As a result, the teeth become even shorter, the lower jaw moves even more distally, and the bite height decreases. In the future, there is a deformation in the joint area, damage or overstretching of the ligamentous apparatus. As a result, the articular disc can become stuck in front of the articular head and cause a click to form when it returns to its original position.

Causes of inflammation of the temporomandibular joint

There are the following reasons for the development of pain in the jaw and temporomandibular joint:

bruised jaw;
dislocation of the lower jaw;
dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint;
arthritis of the temporomandibular joint;
furuncle and carbuncle;
dental diseases;
temporal arteritis;
neuralgia;
erythrootalgia ( red ear syndrome);
alveolitis;
jaw swelling.

Jaw contusion

Jaw contusion is a common injury that is characterized by a violation of soft tissues without damage to the bone and violation of the integrity of the skin.

Causes of a bruised jaw can be:

blow to the face;
fall on the face.

With a bruised jaw, the following symptoms are observed:

pain in the jaw area;
bruise;
dysfunction of the jaw speech disorder, difficulty chewing food).

Dislocation of the lower jaw

With a dislocation of the temporomandibular joint, there is a displacement of the articular surfaces relative to each other.

Dislocation of the mandible can be unilateral ( dislocation of one joint) and two-sided ( dislocation of two joints).

The causes of dislocation of the lower jaw can be:

blow to the jaw area;
wide opening of the mouth, for example, when trying to bite a large product, yawning, laughing, coughing, vomiting.

In children, dislocation of the lower jaw is less common than in adults. As a rule, it occurs in older people, which is most often associated with the anatomical features of this age. There is a weakening of the ligaments, as a result of which the person tries to open his mouth wide.

Symptoms of a dislocation of the temporomandibular joint are:

severe pain in the area of the affected joint ( may radiate to the ear, temporal or occipital region);
mouth is open, when you try to close it occurs strong pain;
salivation;
speech disorder;
the lower jaw is somewhat pushed forward, skewed.

Also, a person may experience chronic subluxations. They are formed due to the fact that the joint capsule is fibrous, and the fibrous tissue, in turn, is not elastic and, once stretched, it is no longer able to firmly fix the joint, therefore, with concomitant factors, a person experiences subluxation of the joint.

jaw fracture

A fracture of the jaw is characterized by a violation of the integrity of the bone.

There are the following types of jaw fracture:

complete fracture with displacement of fragments of the jaw;
incomplete fracture without displacement ( e.g. a crack in a bone).

A complete fracture of the jaw, in turn, can be open ( with skin lesions) or closed ( without skin damage).

Symptoms of a jaw fracture are:

severe pain in the fracture area;
inability to open mouth especially in fractures of the mandible);
tissue swelling;
bruising ( with a fracture of the upper jaw, bruising under the eyes).

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint can occur under the influence of various forces that cause an overload of this joint. The easiest way to understand the nature of these forces is to consider the function of the temporomandibular joint in relation to the function of the teeth, jaw, and surrounding muscles.

The most common causes of temporomandibular joint dysfunction are as follows:

malocclusion ( can lead to jaw pain);
lack of teeth;
improperly performed dental or orthodontic treatment (e.g. poor quality dental prosthetics);
improper swallowing inherited from childhood, in which the lower jaw unnaturally moves back;
habits such as mouth breathing, bruxism ( teeth grinding);
neurotic clenching of the teeth, leading to an overload of the muscles surrounding the jaw;
abnormal development of the jaw, in which the upper or lower jaw is underdeveloped;
head, neck and spine injuries;
some degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis.

With dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, a person may experience the following symptoms:

crunch in the joint area;
pain in the joint, head, neck and back;
irradiation of painful sensations in the teeth, ears and eyes;
movement disorders in the joint for example, a person cannot open their mouth wide, difficulty chewing food);
grinding of teeth;
sleep apnea ( cessation of breathing during sleep).

Arthritis of the temporomandibular joint

Arthritis of the temporomandibular joint is an inflammation of the joint that connects the lower jaw to the temporal bone of the skull. The development of this disease begins as a result of exposure to external factors, for example, due to mechanical injury or under the influence of an infection.

Arthritis of the temporomandibular joint causes symptoms such as:

pain in the area of the affected joint;
increase in local and general temperature;
swelling of the soft tissues of the face;
hyperemia ( redness- skin in the area of the affected joint;
chewing dysfunction;
speech disorder;
hearing loss.

Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis is an inflammation bone marrow and tissue surrounding the bone.

The reason for the development of osteomyelitis is the ingress of pathogenic microorganisms into the bone tissue of the jaw.

The penetration of infection into the bone can occur in the following ways:

odontogenic - through the teeth ( for example, with advanced caries, pulpitis, alveolitis);
hematogenous - through the blood ( e.g., furuncle or carbuncle of the maxillofacial region, acute otitis media);
mechanical - due to direct trauma to the jaw.

This disease can be localized in the upper or lower jaw.

According to the prevalence of the process, osteomyelitis can be:

limited ( defeat of one or more teeth, in the zone of the alveolar process);
diffuse ( damage to one or two parts of the jaw).

Symptoms of osteomyelitis include:

increase in body temperature;
sleep disturbance;
pain in the affected area may radiate to the temporal region, ear or eyes);
swelling of the gums and skin in the area of the affected teeth;
between the affected tooth and the gum, there is a release of purulent contents;
dysfunction of the jaw speech change, difficulty swallowing);
decreased sensitivity of the lower lip and skin of the chin ( with osteomyelitis of the mandible);
enlargement and soreness of regional lymph nodes.

Furuncle and carbuncle

Furuncle is a purulent inflammation of the hair follicle and sebaceous gland. Its size can be from a pea to a walnut.

Carbuncle is a purulent-necrotic inflammation of several hair follicles located nearby.

Most often, furuncle and carbuncle are formed in the face and neck, since the skin in these areas is most susceptible to contamination and microtrauma.

The reasons for the formation of a boil or carbuncle are:

violation of the integrity of the skin ( e.g. cuts, scratches, scratching of the skin due to itching);
violation of hygiene;
frequent colds;
infectious and inflammatory processes in the ear, nose, maxillary paranasal sinuses ( e.g. otitis media, sinusitis, chronic rhinitis).

With a boil or carbuncle, a person may experience the following symptoms:

soreness ( depending on the location on the face, the pain radiates to the upper or lower jaw);
redness of the affected area of the skin;
infiltration ( accumulation of cellular elements, blood and lymph in the tissue) and edema;
purulent plugs are visible, from which a purulent bloody liquid is released;
e.g. weakness, loss of appetite, malaise).

Dental diseases

Jaw pain may be due to the following diseases teeth:

caries ( pathological process in which the destruction of enamel and hard tooth tissue is observed);
pulpitis ( dental pulp injury);
periodontitis ( damage to the periodontium - the tissue located between the tooth and the alveolar process);
periodontal abscess ( purulent-inflammatory lesion of the periodontium);
tooth cyst ( damage to bone tissue with the formation of a sac covered on the outside with connective tissue and filled with pus inside);
limited osteomyelitis of the jaw;
dental trauma ( bruised, dislocated or fractured tooth).

With these diseases, pain in the teeth often radiates to the upper or lower jaw. Painful sensations are pulsating in nature and increase at night.

Temporal arteritis

Temporal arteritis is an autoimmune disease in which cells of the body damage the vascular wall of the temporal artery, which subsequently leads to the development of an inflammatory process and subsequent destruction of the vessel ( with this disease, vessels of large and medium sizes are affected).

The existing inflammation in the vessel leads to thinning of its wall. In some cases, this may contribute to the formation of pathological expansion of the vessel. Over time, an aneurysm formed ( extension) can burst and lead to the development of cerebral hemorrhage.

Symptoms temporal arteritis are:

severe pain in the temporal region of a pulsating nature ( can give to the jaw, neck, tongue and shoulder);
increase in body temperature;
weakness and malaise;
pain in the temporomandibular joint when chewing or talking;
pain when touching the scalp;
hyperemia ( redness) and swelling of the temporal region;
with damage to the ophthalmic artery, visual impairment, pain and double vision, as well as drooping of the eyelid are observed.

neuralgia

Neuralgia is a disease characterized by damage to the peripheral nerves and is manifested by severe pain in the region of innervation of the affected nerve.

Pain in the jaw develops with neuralgia of the following nerves:

Trigeminal neuralgia. Nerve that innervates the face and mouth. It divides into three branches, the upper is the ophthalmic nerve, the middle is the maxillary, and the lower is the mandibular. When the middle and lower branches of the nerve are affected, a person experiences severe pain in the region of the upper or lower jaw. Painful sensations occur, as a rule, at night and are of a burning nature. An attack of pain can also occur even with a minor irritant, such as a draft, hot or cold food. Before the onset of a painful attack, a person may experience itching of the skin or a feeling of crawling on the skin.
Neuralgia of the ear. A disease characterized by damage to the ear vegetative ganglion. Its development is usually associated with the presence of infectious and inflammatory processes in the area of the ear node ( For example, purulent otitis media, parotitis , sinusitis, periodontitis). When the ganglion is affected, a person develops pains of a burning or pulsating nature. Painful sensations can be given to the region of the lower jaw, neck, neck, and shoulders.
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia. This nerve is mixed. It innervates the muscle that lifts the pharynx and parotid gland, and also provides sensitivity to the posterior third of the tongue ( taste sensitivity). For some diseases ( e.g. brain tumor, inflammatory diseases, carotid aneurysm) the work of the glossopharyngeal nerve may be disturbed. In this case, a person will experience pain in the throat, lower jaw and ear.
Neuralgia of the superior laryngeal nerve. With the defeat of this nerve, the patient has severe pain of a pulsating nature. Painful sensations are localized in the region of the larynx and lower jaw ( pain is given to the ear, eyes, temporal region). Often, during a painful attack, a person has a cough and dry mouth, and after it ends, on the contrary, there is profuse salivation.

Erythrootalgia ( red ear syndrome)

A syndrome characterized by severe pain in the ear, which can radiate to the lower jaw, frontal and occipital regions. There may also be redness and an increase in local temperature. auricle (red ear).

The causes of the development of this syndrome can be cervical spondylosis, neuralgia of the glossopharyngeal nerve, dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint.

Alveolitis

A disease in which there is inflammation of the alveolar process. As a rule, the cause of its development is improper tooth extraction and the entry of pathological bacteria into the hole.

Symptoms of alveolitis are:

increasing pain at the site of tooth extraction a few days after the procedure;
severe pain radiating ( bestowing) in the jaw and face;
putrid odor from the mouth;
redness and swelling in the affected area;
increased separation of saliva;
increase in local and general temperature;
enlargement of regional lymph nodes;

Glossitis

A disease characterized by the development of an inflammatory process in the tongue.

The reason for the development of glossitis is the ingress of pathological microorganisms ( bacteria, viruses) in the tissue of the tongue, which subsequently leads to the development of the inflammatory process.

The following factors can contribute to the entry of pathological agents into the tissues of the tongue:

violation of the integrity of the tissue of the tongue;
the use of spicy, as well as very hot food and drinks;
violation of oral hygiene;
decrease in body resistance;
oral dysbiosis.

The symptoms of glossitis are:

burning and pain in tongue may radiate to the lower jaw);
redness and swelling of the tongue;
softening of the tongue;
violation of speech, swallowing and chewing;
increase in general and local temperature;
salivation;
the appearance of bubbles on the tongue, after opening, which form erosion ( if glossitis is caused by a virus).

Sinusitis

This disease is characterized by inflammation of the mucous layer of the maxillary ( maxillary) sinuses.

The cause of the development of sinusitis is the entry of infectious agents into the maxillary sinus.

The infection can enter the sinus in the following ways:

hematogenous ( through the blood);
nasal ( due to infection in the nose);
odontogenic ( in the presence of an inflammatory process in the teeth of the upper jaw).

severe pain in the affected sinus, radiating to the upper jaw, eyes and bridge of the nose;
nasal breathing disorder;
observed mucous or purulent discharge from the nose;
headache;
increase in body temperature;
signs of intoxication of the body ( weakness, malaise, sleep disturbance, loss of appetite).

Tumor of the jaw

It is characterized by the formation of a benign or malignant tumor from bone tissue or tooth tissues.

Tumors of the jaw are divided into:

odontogenic - formed from dental tissue ( for example, ameloblastoma, cementoma, odontogenic fibroma, or sarcoma);
nonodontogenic - are formed from bone, cartilage, connective tissue (e.g. osteoma, osteoblastoclastoma, chondroma, hemangioma).

With a tumor of the jaw, a person may experience the following symptoms:

pain in the affected area, as well as in the temporomandibular joint;
disruption of the temporomandibular joint;
asymmetric facial change ( due to bone deformity);
tooth shifting and increased tooth mobility.

It should be noted that in initial stages jaw swelling may be asymptomatic.

Diagnosis of the causes of inflammation of the temporomandibular joint

Diagnosis of pain in the jaw depends directly on the cause that caused the pain.

Diagnosis of jaw pain in trauma

For jaw injuries, the following diagnostic methods are performed:

Collection of anamnesis. When collecting an anamnesis, the doctor receives the necessary information about the patient by questioning. If you suspect an injury to the upper or lower jaw, it is paramount to find out what the patient was doing at the time of the injury, how exactly it happened ( for example, a person has fallen or been hit). You should also find out what complaints you have, clarify the severity of clinical manifestations. After collecting the necessary information, the doctor proceeds to examine the patient.
Medical checkup. On examination, the doctor should pay attention to the state of bite in the patient. On palpation of the jaw, you should find out if there is pain, what kind it is and what intensity it is. It is necessary to examine the skin, to identify the presence of bruising and swelling, whether there is a violation of the integrity of the skin. You should also examine the oral cavity, whether there is a deformation of the teeth and mucous layer, profuse salivation, an admixture of blood in saliva. If there is a fracture of the jaw on palpation in the affected area, bone crepitus will be observed ( characteristic crunch).
X-ray of the jaw. This method diagnosis allows to determine the nature of the injury ( bruise, dislocation or fracture). When bruising the upper or lower jaw, the integrity of the bone is not violated. With a dislocation, a jaw displacement will be observed on the x-ray. In case of a jaw fracture, an x-ray helps to identify its localization, whether it is single or multiple, the condition of the roots of the teeth and alveolar processes, as well as the presence of displacement of bone fragments.

Diagnosis of pain in the jaw in infectious and inflammatory diseases

In infectious and inflammatory diseases of the jaw, the following diagnostic methods are performed:

Collection of anamnesis. When interviewing a patient, the doctor should clarify whether he has any chronic diseases (e.g. chronic sinusitis, pulpitis), and was also Lately rescheduled acute infection (e.g. furuncle). It is necessary to find out when the patient last visited the dentist, as improper orthodontic treatment increases the risk of developing infectious complications ( for example, improper tooth extraction can lead to the development of alveolitis).
Medical checkup. In infectious and inflammatory diseases, the skin in the affected area will be hyperemic ( redness), edematous. There will be an increase in both local ( skin is hot to the touch) and overall temperature. On palpation of the affected area, severe pain will be noted, and pain will also be observed when the regional lymph nodes are felt. The patient will have a violation of the function of speech, swallowing and chewing. In the presence of an infectious process in the oral cavity, defects, vesicles, sores, serous or purulent discharges can be observed on the mucous membranes. For diseases of the ear or nose, an ENT doctor ( otolaryngologist) can perform otoscopy ( ear examination), as well as anterior or posterior rhinoscopy ( examination of the nasal cavity).
Lab tests. In order to diagnose the presence of an infectious-inflammatory process in the body, it will be necessary to pass a general blood test. It is given in the morning on an empty stomach from the cubital vein or ring finger. The test results may show leukocytosis ( with a bacterial or viral process, trauma, neoplasms), lymphocytosis ( in a viral process), as well as an accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( indicates the presence of a pathological process in the body). In the presence of an infectious process in the ear ( e.g. sharp otitis media ), as well as the upper respiratory tract ( e.g. sinusitis, tonsillitis) the patient may be assigned a bacteriological examination of the discharge. This analysis allows you to identify the type of bacterial agent that caused the infectious process, as well as determine the sensitivity to the antibiotic for subsequent treatment.
Instrumental diagnostics. In some cases, X-ray examination or computed tomography is used to detect inflammatory lesions of the bone or soft tissues of the jaw ( e.g. sinusitis, osteomyelitis, pulpitis, periodontitis). These studies help to identify the localization and extent of the pathological process, anatomical features teeth, condition of periodontium and periodontium. Also, their conduct allows to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment for various diseases.

Diagnosis of pain in the jaw with dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint

The complexity of diagnosing dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint lies in the fact that if its work is disturbed, the pain can be localized outside the joint area ( e.g. pain in the temples, ears, neck).

When visiting a doctor, the patient should first of all tell about his complaints. The doctor will collect an anamnesis of life and illness, clarify whether there were inflammatory diseases or injuries of the face and jaw, visually determine the presence of facial asymmetry, the degree of lower jaw mobility, the presence of hyperemia and edema in the area of the affected joint, auscultate hear clicking or crunching of the joint during movement.

On palpation of the temporomandibular joint, the doctor can feel its displacement, swelling of the surrounding tissues, and also identify the presence of pain.

Then the doctor proceeds to the procedure of palpation of various muscle groups:

temporalis muscles ( usually one side is more sensitive);
lateral pterygoid muscles ( control the position of the jaw, and therefore soreness is usually felt on both sides);
chewing muscles ( these points are especially painful in people suffering from bruxism);
sternocleidomastoid muscle ( usually more sensitive on the right);
the trapezius and posterior occipital muscles are also examined.

Further, the doctor may prescribe the following diagnostic methods:

X-ray of the temporomandibular joint. Allows you to evaluate the ratio of the articular head to the articular cavity, as well as to study the structure of bone tissue, which is involved in the formation of the jaw joint.
Computed tomography of the joint. It is a high-precision X-ray diagnostic method, in which a layer-by-layer examination of the jaw is performed in various planes. This research method allows you to identify even minor changes in the joint in the early stages of the disease.
Orthopantomography. This is an X-ray examination method that allows you to take a panoramic picture of the teeth, as well as the tissues of the upper and lower jaws. With the help of this study, it is possible to diagnose pathological processes in the jaw bones, determine the condition of the teeth, and also identify dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint ( e.g. arthrosis and arthritis of the joint, anomalies in the development of the jaw).
Phonoarthrography. This diagnostic method using a special device allows you to listen to articular noises and visually track them on the graph. Normally, when listening to a person, soft, uniform and sliding sounds are determined. With dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint ( for example, with displacement of the articular heads, arthrosis) pronounced noises are observed, as well as crepitus and clicking sounds of varying intensity.
Electromyography of facial muscles. A diagnostic method that allows using special electrodes to study the electrical activity of the facial muscles and nerves that innervate these muscles.
Arthroscopy of the jaw joint. Using a special device - an arthroscope, the temporomandibular joint is examined. A small incision is made in the joint area, a device is inserted on which there is a camera that transmits the image to the monitor. This study helps not only to diagnose the disease, but also to treat ( for example, flush a joint, remove cartilage or scar tissue, administer a drug).

It should also be noted that before visiting a doctor, a person can independently test the temporomandibular joint by palpation. In parallel, it is necessary to check both the left and right sides. For symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, a common symptom is more soreness on one side.

Self-diagnosis
Before starting the study, it is paramount to prepare a pen and a piece of paper.

Self-diagnosis involves testing the sensitivity of six points of the face and neck.

You can do it yourself like this:

Place the tips of your index and middle fingers in the temple area on both sides just behind the eye socket area. Press lightly and compare the sensations on the right and left sides, whether the sensitivity of the sides is the same or not. The result should be noted on a piece of paper.
Place the fingers of both hands in the pits below the neck behind the corner of the lower jaw, again compare the sensations, whether there is increased sensitivity on one side or the other in this area, write down your sensations.
Place the tips of all four fingers ( except for the big) on both cheeks in the area between the upper and lower jaws. Again compare your sensations on the right and on the left side and again write down the result.
You need to go down to the neck. Using all your fingers, carefully feel the muscle that runs from the ears to the shoulders. Compare the pain sensations on each side. Make a note on the sheet.
With your right hand, feel the trapezius muscle on your left shoulder, then with your left hand, feel the same muscle on your right shoulder. If pain is felt on at least one side, this should be noted.
At the end, place the tips of the little fingers in the ear canals, opening and closing the mouth, try to feel if pain is felt in the temporomandibular joint, and if it is felt, write it down on a sheet.

At the end of the self-test, examine the results. If soreness was observed at the studied points, then this indicates dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, and it is recommended to seek help from a doctor.

Diagnosis of jaw pain in neoplasms

In the early stages of a jaw tumor ( benign and malignant), as a rule, are asymptomatic, therefore, these diseases are diagnosed in most cases already in the later stages.

At the consultation with the doctor, the patient is first questioned, examined and palpated.

On examination, you may find:

facial asymmetry;
swelling and hyperemia of the affected area;
swelling of the bone;
deformation of the affected tissues ( e.g. ulcers, fistulas);
impaired mobility of the lower jaw;
nasal obstruction, purulent or bloody issues (when a tumor of the upper jaw grows into the nasal cavity).

On palpation, there may be:

changes in affected tissues softening, compaction, infiltration);
looseness of the teeth and their soreness;
decreased sensitivity of the skin of the chin and lips;
cohesion of the neoplasm with soft tissues;
enlargement and tenderness of regional lymph nodes ( e.g. cervical, submandibular, parotid).

With neoplasms of the upper or lower jaw, the following can be prescribed to the patient: instrumental methods diagnostics:

X-ray and computed tomography of the jaw. Computed tomography is a more informative diagnostic method, since a layer-by-layer examination of the jaw is performed. Four to five topographic sections are made with a distance between them of one centimeter. These studies allow you to identify the localization of cancer, the prevalence of the process, as well as determine the degree of destruction of bone tissue.
X-ray and computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses. The paranasal sinuses are hollow, air-filled structures that communicate with the nasal cavity. This diagnostic method is performed for the purpose of research bone structures sinuses, detecting the presence of growths and calcifications ( deposition of calcium salts) in their cavities.
Anterior and posterior rhinoscopy. With neoplasms of the upper jaw, a study of the nasal cavity is performed. For anterior rhinoscopy done with a rhinoscope) it is possible to identify a neoplasm in the nasal cavity, as well as to take a piece of tissue for histological examination or puncture the tumor for cytological examination. Posterior rhinoscopy ( made with a spatula and a mirror), in turn, allows you to determine the germination of the tumor in the nasopharynx.

To confirm the diagnosis for neoplasms of the jaw, morphological diagnostics is prescribed:

cytological examination of the neoplasm punctate and lymph node ( study of the structure of cells under a microscope);
tumor and lymph node biopsy for histological examination ( study of the cellular composition of tissues under a microscope).

Depending on the clinical manifestations, as well as on the localization of the tumor-like process, the patient may be assigned consultations with the following specialists:

ophthalmologist;
surgeon;
neurologist;
otolaryngologist ( ENT doctor).

Treatment of pathology of the temporomandibular joint

The algorithm for treating jaw pain directly depends on the cause that caused the appearance of this symptom. Therefore, in order to eliminate the manifestation of pain, it is paramount to identify etiological factor which led to its development and cured it.

Treatment of jaw pain in trauma

Jaw injury	Treatment
*Jaw contusion*	First of all, cold should be applied to the affected area ( in the first twenty four hours), as well as provide peace ( for example, try to talk less, not eat roughage). Anti-inflammatory gels or creams should be applied locally to the bruised area to reduce tissue swelling and eliminate pain ( e.g. Voltaren, Fastum-gel).
*Dislocation of the temporomandibular joint*	*With a dislocation of the lower jaw, the patient initially needs to provide first aid:* apply cold to the affected area; create voice peace; give pain medication e.g. Paracetamol, Ibuprofen); deliver to the hospital. Treatment, in turn, includes reduction of the dislocation ( can be done under anesthesia) and compliance with the rules of nutrition. Food should be consumed in liquid form, as well as in the form of mashed potatoes. The patient in the first days after the injury should observe voice rest and avoid wide opening of the mouth. From medicines topical application of anti-inflammatory creams or gels ( e.g. Diclofenac, Ketoprofen). These drugs reduce pain, have an anti-inflammatory effect, and also reduce tissue swelling.
*jaw fracture*	*First aid for a broken jaw is:* immobilization of the affected jaw ( creating immobility of the jaw to ensure rest); the introduction of an anesthetic drug; delivery to the hospital. *Treatment for a jaw fracture will depend on the following factors:* patient's age; fracture location; type of fracture open or closed); displacement of bone fragments; degree of damage to surrounding tissues. *Treatment of a jaw fracture includes three stages:* matching ( reposition) bone fragments; fixation; retention. Primarily in the treatment of a fracture, the jaw bones are aligned. The patient is given special devices to immobilize bone fragments. Depending on the severity of the fracture, a temporary ( ligature) and constant ( for example, the imposition of individual plates, splints) immobilization. It should also be noted that compliance with the daily regimen plays an important role in recovery. The patient in the first days must strictly observe bed rest. Food should be complete and high-calorie. Food for fractures of the jaw is served in a grated or semi-liquid form. Depending on the severity of the condition, the patient may be prescribed intravenous infusions ( e.g. solutions of calcium chloride, glucose), vitamin therapy and antibacterial treatment ( to prevent the development of infectious complications).

Treatment of jaw pain in infectious and inflammatory diseases

In infectious and inflammatory diseases of the jaw, the following treatment can be prescribed:

Antibacterial treatment. In infectious diseases ( e.g. furuncle, facial carbuncle, osteomyelitis, periodontitis) antibiotic therapy is primarily prescribed to inhibit the vital activity of the bacteria that caused the pathological process. The type of drug, method of administration and duration of treatment are prescribed individually depending on the disease, its severity and the general condition of the patient. Also, in order to establish an effective antibacterial treatment before its appointment, a bacterial study is initially performed ( sowing pus on a special medium) to identify a pathological agent and determine its sensitivity to a particular drug. As a rule, in infectious and inflammatory diseases, broad-spectrum antibiotics from the Penicillin group are prescribed ( e.g. Ampicillin), Quinolones ( e.g. ciprofloxacin) and other pharmacological groups.
Mouth rinse. The patient may be prescribed a mouth rinse, such as a weak solution of potassium permanganate ( potassium permanganate), furacilin ( 3% ) or saline solution.
Compresses. The application of compresses with ointments, for example, Levomekol ( has an antibacterial effect), Solcoseryl ( improves metabolism and tissue regeneration).
Surgery. If necessary, surgical intervention is performed, in which an opening of the infectious-inflammatory focus is made, its washing ( e.g. hydrogen peroxide) and creating the necessary conditions ( drainage) for unhindered outflow of purulent contents.

It should be noted that infectious diseases are accompanied by the formation of pus, which, in turn, leads to an increased loss of proteins from the body. That is why the patient should monitor nutrition. The intake of protein foods should be increased in the diet ( e.g. meat, cottage cheese, legumes). In this case, food should be served in liquid or grated form in order to exclude jaw strain.

In severe infectious diseases, the patient may be shown detoxification therapy ( introduction of glucose solution 5%, sodium chloride 0.9%).

Treatment of jaw pain in temporomandibular joint dysfunction

With dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, the patient may be prescribed:

bite correction;
dental prosthetics;
wearing an articular splint;
the use of the Myotronics apparatus;
adherence to the regime of the day and diet;
use of medicines.

Correction of bite
Bite correction is carried out by wearing:

braces;
kapp.

Braces are a type of permanent wear that is used to straighten the teeth and correct malocclusion. Braces are metal, ceramic, sapphire, plastic, depending on the material from which they are made. The duration of wearing braces is individual and depends on the complexity of the clinical situation.

Mouthguards are removable devices made of transparent plastic.

There are the following types of caps:

individual mouthguards, which are made after taking an impression of the teeth;
thermoplastic mouthguards, which are standard.

Dental prosthetics
Dental prosthetics can be partial or total. This procedure allows you to normalize the position of the lower jaw with dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint.

Partial dentures are performed:

in the absence of the crown part of the tooth ( for example, with significant tooth decay by caries);
at total absence tooth.

Total dentures are prosthetics in which all teeth are involved. Teeth can be covered, for example, with inlays, onlays, crowns.

Total prosthetics helps:

exclude the constant wearing of mouthguards;
achieve normalization of the position of the lower jaw;
restore aesthetic function ( beautiful smile, straight teeth);
eliminate dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint.

Wearing an articular splint
Articular splint ( trainer) is an industrially manufactured soft tooth splint ( silicone material), specifically designed to relieve pain symptoms in the initial treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders. Thanks to the wing shape of the bases of the tire, gentle decompression is created and painful sensations in the joint and surrounding muscles are eliminated, as well as the effect of bruxism is effectively removed.

The articular splint has the following therapeutic effects:

effectively and quickly eliminates pain in the jaw;
relaxes the muscles of the jaw and neck;
relieves pressure in the temporomandibular joint;
limits bruxism;
relieves chronic pain in the neck.

The standard joint splint fits ninety-five percent of adult patients and does not require custom impressions. It is effective and easy to use.

As a rule, immediately after the installation of the splint, there is an immediate relaxation of the muscles due to their lengthening, which leads to a significant decrease in the tension of the muscles of the jaw and neck.

For the first few days, the splint should be worn for at least an hour a day to get used to it.

The reduction in soreness is usually felt within the first days of use, but in some cases it takes several weeks to significantly reduce it. This is individual for each patient. After a few days, you should supplement the daytime wearing mode with a night one. This may be uncomfortable at first for those who have a habit of breathing through their mouths or snoring in their sleep, but it can help to correct the problems that have arisen and subsequently eliminate them.

Treatment of dysfunctions of the temporomandibular joint should be carried out under the supervision of a physician. If the use of the bus is not enough, it is assigned individual program aimed at eliminating the causes of pathology.

Application of the device Myotronics
Myotronics devices are devices with the help of which muscle stimulation is carried out. Due to myorelaxation of the muscles, the position of the lower jaw is normalized.

During treatment, the following therapeutic effects are observed:

muscle relaxation occurs;
eliminates pain associated with dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint;
the movement of the lower jaw is restored;
normalization of occlusion occurs ( clenching of teeth).

Compliance with the daily routine and diet
In addition to the treatment prescribed by the doctor, it is important for the patient to follow the correct daily regimen and diet. It is very important to limit the movements of the lower jaw during the treatment period.

The patient must comply with the following recommendations:

provide voice peace ( avoid emotional conversations, raising your voice);
avoid wide mouth opening e.g. laughing, yawning, eating);
during sleep, try to sleep on the healthy side;
when talking on the phone, make sure that the phone does not put pressure on the affected joint;
avoid eating hard foods that require prolonged chewing ( e.g. raw hard fruits and vegetables, crackers, bagels);
consume food in grated and liquid form ( e.g. puree soup, cereals, mashed potatoes or peas, cottage cheese);
avoid chewing gum.

Use of drugs
Dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint leads to the fact that a person has acute or chronic pain. To eliminate them, the patient may be prescribed painkillers or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The latter, in turn, also have analgesic and antipyretic effects.

With dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, the following drugs can be prescribed to eliminate pain:

Paracetamol ( take one to two tablets three times a day);
Ibuprofen ( take one to two tablets three to four times a day);
Diclofenac ( take 25 mg three to four times a day);
Ketoprofen ( take 100 - 300 mg two - three times a day).

Also, these drugs are available in the form of gels, creams and ointments ( e.g. Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Ketoprofen). They must be applied topically to the affected area two to four times a day.

Treatment of pain in the jaw with neoplasms

For neoplasms of the jaw, the following methods of treatment are used:

Radiation therapy. It is an important aspect in the treatment of benign and malignant tumors. This method of treatment is characterized by the fact that the neoplasm is affected by ionizing radioactive radiation. Under their influence, the development of DNA mutations of cancer cells occurs, as a result of which they die.
Chemotherapy. Treatment of the oncological process is carried out through medicines (e.g. methotrexate, cisplatin). The action of these drugs is aimed at destroying the tumor cell, slowing down the growth of the malignant process and reducing symptoms. Chemotherapy drugs are usually given in combination. The combination of drugs is prescribed individually depending on the type of tumor present, the stage of the process, and the general condition of the patient. It should be noted that chemotherapy can be used in addition to surgical treatment of the tumor or radiation therapy.
Surgery. It consists in the surgical removal of a tumor of the upper or lower jaw. Before surgery, orthopedic structures must first be prepared, which will subsequently help keep the jaw in the correct position ( for example, bus Vankevich). Proper orthopedic actions increase the healing rate of the postoperative wound, and also play a big role in the aesthetic aspect.

Physiotherapy

Physical therapy is an effective treatment for jaw pain caused by trauma, infection, or dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint.

Procedure name	Therapeutic effect	Application
microwave therapy (microwave therapy)	expanding blood vessels; improves local blood circulation; muscle spasm decreases; are improving metabolic processes; has an anti-inflammatory effect; produces an analgesic effect.	degenerative-dystrophic, as well as inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system ( for example, with arthrosis, arthritis, osteochondrosis), ENT diseases ( e.g. otitis media, tonsillitis); skin diseases ( e.g. boils, carbuncles).
UHF (exposure to ultrahigh-frequency magnetic field)	improves blood circulation and lymph circulation; tissue swelling decreases; muscle spasm decreases; tissue healing improves; has an analgesic effect.	inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system; diseases of the ear, throat, nose e.g. angina, sinusitis, sinusitis); diseases with localization in the face ( for example, with neuritis of the facial nerve); suppurative diseases ( e.g. abscess, phlegmon).
*Ultraviolet radiation*	an immunostimulating effect is produced; metabolic processes are improved; it has an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect; regeneration of nervous and bone tissue improves.	diseases ( e.g. arthritis, arthrosis) and injuries of the musculoskeletal system ( e.g. dislocations, fractures); neuralgia; skin diseases ( e.g. ulcers, boils, long-healing wounds).
diadynamic therapy (direct impulse currents of a half-sinusoidal form)	has an analgesic effect; improves lymph circulation and blood circulation; a stimulating effect on the muscles; the process of tissue healing is accelerated.	pain syndrome of various etiologies ( e.g. contusion, dislocation, neuritis, arthritis); joint diseases ( e.g. arthritis).

Why do the lymph nodes under the jaw hurt?

The lymph node is the most important organ of the lymphatic system. Every day, a large amount of fluid flows from the blood into the tissues of the body. To avoid swelling of the tissues, the vessels of the lymphatic system collect this fluid, and then carry it away with the lymph flow through the lymphatic vessels.

In its movement, lymph passes through the lymph nodes. These nodes contain many cells that filter the lymph in order to remove the pathogens present in it. Purified lymph through subclavian vein returns to the circulatory system. Thus, lymphatic system drains and cleanses about three liters of lymph per day.

The human body contains from four hundred to one thousand lymph nodes. Depending on the location, they are all divided into groups. Thus, the lymph nodes that are located in the submandibular region form a group of submandibular lymph nodes. Normally, lymph nodes are painless.

Pain in the lymph nodes under the jaw is most often a sign of an inflammatory process, which usually develops as a result of an infectious disease of a nearby organ. Pain with lymphadenitis inflammation of the lymph node) occurs due to stretching of the connective tissue capsule covering the surface of the lymph node.

Pain in the submandibular lymph nodes can provoke diseases such as:

tonsillitis ( tonsillitis);
glossitis ( inflammation of the tongue);
osteomyelitis ( bone inflammation) jaws;
boil ( acute purulent inflammation of the hair follicle) on the face;
carbuncle ( acute purulent inflammation of several hair follicles ) on the face;
pulpitis ( inflammation of the neurovascular bundle of the tooth);
periodontitis (
irritability;
an increase in body temperature.

Why does the upper jaw hurt?

The upper jaw is a paired bone. It consists of a body and four processes - alveolar, palatine, zygomatic, frontal. The body of the upper jaw contains a large air-bearing maxillary or maxillary sinus. On the alveolar process of the upper jaw there are recesses - dental alveoli, in which the roots of the teeth lie. The upper jaw takes part in the formation of the hard palate ( bone wall separating the nasal cavity and oral cavity), nasal cavity and eye sockets. Also, the upper jaw is involved in the chewing apparatus.

Pain in the upper jaw can occur due to the following diseases and pathological processes:

upper jaw injury
osteomyelitis of the upper jaw;
trigeminal neuralgia;
arteritis of the facial artery;
pulpitis;
periodontal abscess;
osteogenic sarcoma of the jaw;
sinusitis.

Diseases that cause pain in the upper jaw	Description
*Maxillary injury*	Characterized by injury trauma without breaking the integrity of the skin) or a fracture of the upper jaw, for example, due to a strong blow to the face with various hard objects or as a result of a fall on the face. *The main signs of injury are:* pain in the upper jaw; swelling; discoloration of the skin at the site of injury ( e.g. bruising, redness). *A fracture of the upper jaw is accompanied by the following symptoms:* severe pain in the upper jaw; chewing disorder; speech disorder; violation of the closure of the dentition; pronounced hematomas in the area of the upper lip and cheeks.
*Osteomyelitis of the upper jaw*	This disease is characterized by the presence of an infectious purulent-inflammatory process in the bone tissue of the jaw. The main cause of osteomyelitis of the upper jaw is the penetration of infection into the bone tissue through a damaged tooth. *With osteomyelitis of the upper jaw, the patient usually complains of:* throbbing pain in the upper jaw; headache; chills; increase in local and general temperature; puffiness and asymmetry of the face; enlargement and soreness of the lymph nodes.
*trigeminal neuralgia*	This disease is characterized by sudden second attacks of acute, cutting, burning pain that occurs in the areas of innervation of the trigeminal nerve, usually on one side of the face. The upper jaw is innervated by the maxillary nerve, which is the middle branch of the trigeminal nerve. Often an attack of pain is caused by the slightest tactile irritation ( for example, when stroking the skin of the face). The mechanism of development of this disease is not fully understood. However, some experts argue that the main cause of this neuralgia is compression of the trigeminal nerve by nearby vessels.
*Arteritis of the facial artery*	This disease is characterized by inflammation of the wall of the facial artery. In this case, the patient may feel a burning pain in both the upper and lower jaw. Pain may also be accompanied by a feeling of tingling or numbness of the skin. The etiology of arteritis is unknown. There is a theory that the cause of the disease is a genetic predisposition in combination with adverse environmental factors.
*Pulpitis*	Inflammation of the pulp, neurovascular bundle of the tooth, due to the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the tissues. With this disease, the patient feels a strong throbbing pain. Attacks of pain can be short-term or permanent. In advanced form, when the tooth begins to gradually collapse, the pain becomes less severe.
*periodontal abscess*	Purulent inflammation of the gums in the form of an abscess. Often periodontal abscess develops against the background of other dental diseases ( e.g. gingivitis - inflammation of the gums). Also, the disease can develop due to the incompetent actions of the dentist. *Periodontal abscess is usually accompanied by the following symptoms:* swelling and pain in the affected area, aggravated by an attempt to chew food; pain in the jaw, ear, cheeks; headache; dizziness; increase in body temperature; loss of appetite; decrease in performance.
*Osteogenic sarcoma of the jaw*	A malignant tumor that grows from the bone tissue of the jaw. *Symptoms of osteogenic sarcoma of the jaw are:* facial pain; itching in the gums; the appearance of a tumor that interferes with chewing food; swelling of the face.
*Sinusitis*	Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the maxillary maxillary) sinuses. In most cases, sinusitis develops against the background of other infectious diseases of the nasopharynx ( e.g. rhinitis) due to inflammation. upper teeth, as well as due to trauma to the nasal septum. *Symptoms of sinusitis are:* mucous discharge from the nose; pain in the nose, radiating ( bestowing) in the gums, eye sockets, forehead; severe headaches; loss of appetite; coughing fits; labored breathing; a feeling of strong pressure in the region of the nose, which increases when the head is tilted; chills; sleep disturbance; general malaise, lethargy, weakness; increased fatigue.

Why does my jaw and temples hurt?

Simultaneous pain in the jaw and in the temporal region is most often caused by damage to the temporomandibular joint due to various diseases or injuries.

The temporomandibular joint is a paired joint. It is formed by the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone and the head of the mandibular bone. In humans, these are the only joints that do their work at the same time. Thanks to the coordinated actions of the temporomandibular joints, movements of the lower jaw are carried out ( side to side as well as forward and backward).

There are a large number of nerve receptors in the joint capsule, which is why a slight violation of its function negatively affects the general well-being of a person. Wherein common symptom is pain in the jaw and temples.

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction is a disease in which the joint suffers directly due to underdevelopment of the upper or lower jaw and malocclusion. According to studies, about eighty percent of patients suffer from this disease.

During the formation of malocclusion, an incorrect position of the lower jaw occurs, which, in turn, causes pathology in the joint. In this case, the disease can occur with severe symptoms or asymptomatically.

Symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction are:

unusual sound ( crunch) in the area of the joint during opening or closing of the mouth;
limitation of the amplitude of mouth opening;
difficulty swallowing;
headache;
pain, noise and ringing in the ears;
pain and pressure in the eye area;
neck and back pain;
pain in the temporal region when chewing, during yawning, with wide opening of the mouth;
change in bite;
grinding of teeth;

Pain in the temporomandibular joint can be acute and chronic. Most common cause that cause acute temporary pain are acute effusions - accumulation of fluid ( e.g. saliva, blood) within the temporomandibular joint. They can appear if you keep your mouth wide open for a long time ( e.g. when visiting a dentist).

Pain in the jaw and temples, which appear regularly and for no apparent reason, may indicate pathological changes in the temporomandibular joint, for example, with arthrosis, which has developed as a result of the absence of supporting lateral teeth. In this case, the entire chewing load is transferred to the head of the mandibular joint, which, under the influence of the masticatory muscles, is displaced into the articular cavity. Excessive stress placed on the joint eventually leads to its degeneration.

Also, pain in the temporomandibular joint can be caused by the following diseases and pathological processes:

inflammatory diseases of the ear e.g. otitis media);
trauma of the maxillofacial bones;
osteomyelitis of the upper jaw;
trigeminal neuralgia;
arteritis of the facial artery.

Most often, with pain in the jaw joints and temples, trigeminal neuralgia and atypical facial pain are mistakenly diagnosed. However, clinical instrumental diagnostics and a thorough questioning of the patient about the nature of the pain experienced make it possible to diagnose pain in the temporomandibular joint, separating it from other causes of pain in the face.

Eye, that is, a cell. It intensifies, you can see how many teeth you swallow). The emergency room doctor sets the upper jaw, from the chin to the lip, the fatal blow fell on itself the biggest

1. Fracture

diseases? Such a name in knee joint Tumors are divided into auditory tube due to stimulate immune system.treatment will require prompt attention: manifested by seizures, which cause pain or without displacement, it hurts during the likelihood that when moving the tongue, it is already infected) and dislocation manually. Right side or and nose. On the face, a and a prolonged load ... b ...

The nature of pain and the mechanism of its occurrence

When it hurts to open the mouth wide, or it is completely jammed, this almost always indicates an inflammatory process, a violation of the anatomy and functions of tissues.

The pain can spread to all areas of the face, shoot into the ear, cause migraine, discomfort during visual stress. It can be different - long-term and short-term, aching and acute, which is taken into account when making a diagnosis.

Aching pain in the lower jaw accompanies the inflammatory process, burning bothers with neuralgia. With cutting pain, bone injuries are usually diagnosed.

People who find it painful to chew, open their jaws wide, often consider the pathology of the skeletal system to be the cause. However, the disease can also affect the surrounding tissues.

If the patient ignores the pain, soon unpleasant symptoms will disturb even with the jaw closed.

Under the influence of certain diseases, the jaw can jam, hurt on the left or right side. Pain on the left can indicate circulatory disorders, problems with the vessels of the heart.

Its right-sided nature is observed in neoplasms, inflammatory processes. If the jaw hurts everywhere and constantly, you can suspect an oncological factor.

It happens that the jaw reduces after sleep, in the morning, at rest, cramps appear. You should not delay your visit to the doctor. Especially if the disease is accompanied by such symptoms:

spasms with fever;
throbbing pain with spasms;
severe pain radiates to any ear, eye;
puffiness;
mouth does not open
it hurts to chew for a long time;
cramps in the lower part of the face.

When opening the mouth

Pain when opening the mouth is a consequence of a dislocation or fracture. If there has been no recent injury, these options are excluded.

In this case, the cause of discomfort is osteomyelitis. Other pathologies that lead to sharp, aching or acute pain during the work of the jaws are dental diseases, among which caries ranks first.

This also happens when dentures are incorrectly installed.

When chewing and closing teeth

If the jaw system aches, aches, worries when chewing, joining teeth, you can suspect its dislocation or osteomyelitis. Other ailments that lead to discomfort when closing teeth include periodontitis, pulpitis, complicated caries.

With their exacerbations, the pain is pulsating in nature, gives to the temple, intensifies at moments of rest and night rest.

At chronic form pathologies, periodic It's a dull pain, which is aggravated by chewing load on the affected tooth or gum area. To provoke discomfort when you chew, certain foods, alcohol can also.

Leading to spasm of the esophagus, they also cause muscle spasm and jamming of the jaw.

Causes of jaw pain when opening the mouth

Today, pain in the jaw joint is becoming more common, and in people of all ages, that is, there is a kind of negative trend. This may be due to:

Microtraumas - due to accidentally opening the mouth too wide, blows, joint dislocation of varying severity and destruction of bone tissue can occur. Such injuries are often accompanied by jaw numbness;
Malocclusion - in this case, the person automatically redistributes the load on the jaw, due to which the joints begin to deform and collapse;
Neuralgia - disturbances in work nervous system and the brain. So, it can be a lesion of the upper laryngeal nerve or glossopharyngeal nerve, etc.;
A history of arthrosis and arthritis;
A sharp tension in the muscles of the mouth while chewing food;
Errors in surgical intervention in the oral cavity - at the dentist, etc.;
Violations of the blood supply to bone and cartilage tissues in the mouth;
Infectious diseases of the oral cavity;
Inflammatory diseases of the ear.

But the most common cause of pain in the jaw joint is the thinning of the surfaces of the temporal bone and lower jaw. Sometimes chronic pain in the jaw or near the ear speaks of benign or malignant tumors.

Doctors often encounter patient complaints of pain in the jaw near the ear, pain in the ear when chewing. This symptom is not always associated with dental problems, and pain can be caused by such reasons:

Dentists smack have to deal with incorrect complaints when they have a sore treatment near the ear. But this orthodontist is far from in all cases of cartilage associated with dental diseases. Dentist sensations in the jaw at the level of a yawn on either side can be caused by:

Diseases of the temporomandibular jaw,
Trigeminal neuralgia (maxillary neuralgia requires an appointment with a neurologist),
Needs and infectious diseases salivary joints and maxillary sinuses,
Dental due to (wearing prostheses, wrong joint, diseases of the gums and teeth),
Temporomandibular diseases (osteomyelitis, periostitis, subluxation, abscess, furunculosis),
Malignant and temporomandibular neoplasms,

Diseases of the temporomandibular

There are permanent main causes of appearance in the jaw area:

Why does a person's jaw click when opening his mouth, how dangerous is it and what. If the pain does not go away with time, you need to see a doctor.

With this disease, the jaw near the ear hurts only on one side. This action is demonstrated by intense prolonged pain near the ear, deterioration of the general condition of the patient - fever and headache.

Inflammation of the lymph nodes located in the lower jaw occurs simultaneously with the collection of infected lymph from the soft facial tissues, throat, nose and eyes.

It can be used both to diagnose and to prevent tooth wear in bruxism.

If your jaw hurts when you open your mouth, you should immediately contact. Most often, with pain in the jaw joint, atypical facial pain and trigeminal neuralgia are misdiagnosed. Also, one of the causes of clicks of the temporomandibular joint in children is the growth of lymphoid tissue in the form of palatine tonsils or adenoids. The jaw bone is not damaged during such a blow: it is taken over by soft tissues, forming a hematoma (bump) at the site of the bruise, but when the jaw moves, the pain in the ear still gives. This is myofascial syndrome in the masticatory muscles, and congenital malocclusion, and the inflammatory process, and osteoarthritis of the joint. Doctors know hematogenous osteomyelitis and more common - odontogenic. In this case, the jaw hurts, as well as the joint, temple, cheek and even forehead. In this case, it becomes difficult for a person to open his mouth, and with every movement. problems with opening the mouth, detects changes in the structure of the joint. With the course of this disease, the jaw bones and joints begin to hurt with leakage. It is important to pay attention to the fact that in the absence of abnormalities, the lymph nodes are not palpable, do not hurt, and do not harm the ear. It works correctly when the lower jaw moves synchronously in the joint both on the right and on the left - this is a symmetrical organ, therefore, if one of them malfunctions, the work of the second also fails. After a strong blow to the facial area, or an accident, an accident, a fracture of the upper or lower jaw may occur. dysfunction occurs in all age groups, but in general people suffering from this pathology, according to various estimates - up to 70 percent.

In this case, the jaw hurts, as well as the joint, temple, cheek and even forehead. In this case, it becomes difficult for a person to open his mouth, and with every movement.

problems with opening the mouth, detects changes in the structure of the joint. open surgery is aimed at stimulating the regeneration of tissues and adjacent structures.

When a person experiences discomfort or a sore jaw near the left ear and it hurts to chew, then you should pay attention to the nature of the discomfort. Muscles that perform the function of chewing, swallowing and speech connect the lower jaw to the skull.

As for dentures, if pain is caused at the initial stage, when oral cavity You just get used to them, that's normal. In the best case, the effect of such therapy simply will not be.

It is partially possible to return the displaced disc to its normal position and remove the blockade of the temporomandibular joint. With this disease, the jaw near the ear hurts only on one side.

Before the manifestation of the main symptoms in the nerve processes, sensitivity decreases, significant numbness is noted. Arthritis develops against the background of dystrophic-degenerative processes or rheumatic diseases.

Attacks of pain in the jaw and other listed areas are often provoked by the intake of hot or, conversely, too cold food, cooling. This disease appears to be a type of migraine.

How to treat the jaw joint?

In order for a correct diagnosis to be made and necessary treatment, you can contact a dentist, neurologist or surgeon.

Eliminate sharp pain analgesics will help in the jaw joints. However, their reception will not solve the problem once and for all. It is necessary to identify and eliminate the cause of the pathology, which becomes:

When it hurts. temporal bone and lower jaw.

with a wide opening of the mouth. A distinction is made between operations for the restoration and removal of cartilage, i.e. the articular disc, and so-called disc replacement interventions, such as interpositional plasty using natural or artificial tissues.

If washing the joint does not bring a long-term effect, arthroscopic surgery of the jaw joint under anesthesia is indicated. For example, with the identification of the following diseases and the action of certain factors: When diagnosing a cyst, periodontitis or pulpitis, the necessary surgical intervention.

Symptoms of this disease are numbness of the lower lip, a decrease in the tone of the masticatory muscles. If the pain in the jaw is caused by this ailment, they are accompanied by a burning sensation and spread from the chin and lower jaw to the upper lip, nose and nasolabial folds.

characteristic feature arteritis is considered pain in the area where the facial artery kinks over the base of the mandible. These miniature instruments (such as a scalpel, scissors or even laser probes) allow the targeted removal of pronounced adhesions under digital imaging.

To achieve success in therapy, a set of measures is needed: orthodontic treatment to correct the bite, surgery, retreatment of teeth, prosthetics, physiotherapy, acupuncture.

Pain and discomfort in the temporomandibular joint can also be caused indirectly. The sound made by the jaw can be heard by others.

Pain near the organ of hearing may appear as a result of benign tumor(atheroma), which manifests itself as a bump behind the ear and is the result of an increase in the cervical lymph node, when palpated, it resembles a dense movable ball.

It is this apparatus that allows our jaw to move left and right, open and close the mouth, and protrude the lower jaw.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies the fight against pain when opening the jaw, the pathology of its joints is used as an addition to the main treatment. They will not help if the jaw is jammed, but they will relieve pain symptoms. After consultation with the doctor, you can use the following recipes:

Additionally, according to the testimony of a doctor, you can do therapeutic exercises. A set of exercises is approximately the following (repeat 5 times every day):

frown, then raise in surprise;
squint your eyes;
smile with closed lips, and then with open mouth;
stick out your lips with a tube;
inflate and deflate cheeks;
relax your face, stroke your temples and cheekbones.

Pain when opening the jaw has many causes, which are not easy to prevent. Experts recommend avoiding traumatic sports, watching the diet, treating gingivitis, caries and other dental pathologies in time.

You should be wary of hypothermia, infectious diseases, stress, which adversely affect the state of the cardiovascular and nervous system.

megan92 2 weeks ago

Tell me, who is struggling with pain in the joints? My knees hurt terribly ((I drink painkillers, but I understand that I am struggling with the consequence, and not with the cause ... Nifiga does not help!

Daria 2 weeks ago

I struggled with my sore joints for several years until I read this article by some Chinese doctor. And for a long time I forgot about the "incurable" joints. Such are the things

megan92 13 days ago

Daria 12 days ago

megan92, so I wrote in my first comment) Well, I'll duplicate it, it's not difficult for me, catch - link to professor's article.

Sonya 10 days ago

Isn't this a divorce? Why the Internet sell ah?

Yulek26 10 days ago

Sonya, what country do you live in? .. They sell on the Internet, because shops and pharmacies set their margins brutal. In addition, payment is only after receipt, that is, they first looked, checked and only then paid. Yes, and now everything is sold on the Internet - from clothes to TVs, furniture and cars.

Editorial response 10 days ago

Every person during his life at least once faced with painful sensations in the jaws. There is nothing strange in the fact that the jaw hurts on the right side - people different ages suffer from this disease with astonishing frequency. Pain accompanies the processes of chewing, swallowing, yawning, interferes with conversations and in everyday life brings only trouble. Soreness can be present both in both jaws, and only in the upper or lower. To find out why the jaw hurts, a dentist, maxillofacial surgeon or neuropathologist will help.

Scientists different countries It has long been found out that each person has his own feeling of pain. Depending on the lifestyle, bad habits, gender, age and even race of the patient, unpleasant sensations can be perceived different people completely unique.

Pain symptoms depend on many different factors:

patient's age;
individual pain threshold;
sensitivity to analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs;
the presence of concomitant diseases;
pregnancy and lactation;
history of fractures of both jaws;
history of concussions and open craniocerebral trauma.

During the initial visit to the doctor, it is necessary to describe the nature of the pain as accurately as possible: its occurrence in connection with chewing or swallowing, concomitant conditions, duration (short pain lasts up to 5 minutes, medium - up to 30, and long - more than 1 hour), intensity (weak the patient tolerates pain without taking medication; at medium and high intensity, he cannot do without pills). It should also be clarified whether the pain radiates to other parts of the body, and whether the pain responds to taking pain medications.

Pain is classified by nature as follows:

stabbing;
cutting;
cramping;
dull;
aching;
paroxysmal;
pulsating;
squeezing;
jerking;
causalgic;
shooting.

Infectious and inflammatory causes

Infectious diseases are often accompanied by damage to the bone structures of the masticatory apparatus. When an infection occurs in one part of the body, it spreads with blood flow throughout the body, which can lead to the development of purulent processes in the lower jaw.

Characteristic symptoms are the impossibility of self-closing of the mouth without resorting to the help of specialists, profuse salivation, impaired swallowing and speech, severe pain in the area of the temporal mandibular joint, displacement of the jaw at the wrong angle: the lower jaw, as it were, “dangles” in limbo.

A fracture of the lower jaw is a violation of the integrity of the bone. It occurs with uniform frequency both open and closed. Intense unbearable pain, the presence of blood in the mouth, movement of the dentition, pronounced swelling and discoloration of the skin will suggest a traumatic diagnosis. For differential diagnosis with a bruise or fracture of the lower jaw, an X-ray or ultrasound examination of the patient is required.

Removable dentures or braces. During the initial installation of the prosthesis or tightening the braces, discomfort may occur, described by patients as pain in the jaw on the right. This pain indicates a compositional functional rearrangement in the dentition and is not a sign of any pathology. But if the pain during the first few months does not lose its intensity or increases, then it is recommended to immediately visit the dentist or orthodontist.

home > Dysgraphia

Jaw hurts when opening mouth and chewing. Why can the jaw hurt on the right side? Cheek pain when opening mouth

Reason: wisdom teeth

Why does it hurt to open your mouth

The nature of the pain and associated symptoms

How to alleviate the condition

Injuries

Why does it hurt to open your mouth

The nature of sensations and associated symptoms

Treatment Methods

Dental pathologies

Treatment Methods

Neoplasms

Why does it hurt to open your mouth

Treatment Methods

Vascular damage

Cause of soreness

The nature of the pain and associated symptoms

Treatment Methods

Neurological pathologies

Why does it hurt to open your mouth

Feelings and accompanying symptoms

Treatment Methods

Joint pathologies

The occurrence of pain

The nature of the pain and associated symptoms

Treatment Methods

Inflammation

Causes of soreness

Feelings and accompanying symptoms

Treatment Methods

Other possible causes

Diagnostics

Pain when opening the mouth in a child

Jaw hurts when chewing and opening the mouth: common causes

Other causes of jaw pain

Associated symptoms

Diagnostics

How to treat pain in the jaw joint when opening the mouth

What to do if the jaw near the ear hurts when you open your mouth and when you chew

Prevention

Anatomy of the temporomandibular joint, groups of perimaxillary lymph nodes

Upper and lower jaw

Temporomandibular joint

The lymph nodes

Why does pain occur when opening the mouth?

Why does the temporomandibular joint click when opened?

Causes of inflammation of the temporomandibular joint

Jaw contusion

Dislocation of the lower jaw

jaw fracture

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Arthritis of the temporomandibular joint

Osteomyelitis

Furuncle and carbuncle

Dental diseases

Temporal arteritis

neuralgia

Erythrootalgia ( red ear syndrome)

Alveolitis

Glossitis

Sinusitis

Tumor of the jaw

Diagnosis of the causes of inflammation of the temporomandibular joint

Diagnosis of jaw pain in trauma

Diagnosis of pain in the jaw in infectious and inflammatory diseases

Diagnosis of pain in the jaw with dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint

Diagnosis of jaw pain in neoplasms

Treatment of pathology of the temporomandibular joint

Treatment of jaw pain in trauma

Treatment of jaw pain in infectious and inflammatory diseases

Treatment of jaw pain in temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Treatment of pain in the jaw with neoplasms

Physiotherapy

Why do the lymph nodes under the jaw hurt?

Why does the upper jaw hurt?

Why does my jaw and temples hurt?

1. Fracture

The nature of pain and the mechanism of its occurrence

When opening the mouth