Anatomy of the jugular vein. Yarer Vienna: Anatomy and common diseases Yarer artery where is located

The metering veins are a paired vessel, the function of which is the removal of blood from the vessels of the head and brain. This vein consists of two vessels: the inner jugular vein, the outer jugular vein and the front metering vein.

Structure

Anatomy of the jugular vein as follows:

• outdoor (externaljugular). This vessel is located at the surface of the skin, starting next to the corner lower jaw man. It can be easily noticed when you turn the head or strong tension, as it is located immediately under the skin. The function of the outer jugular vein is the removal removal and chin. Doctors often use this vessel for puncture and administration with intravenous solutions catheters;
• pair (Jugularisanterior). It consists of a variety of minor vasces, forming into a single canal in the chin area. With it, blood is excreted from the skin of the face;
• inner (jugularisinterna). East starts from the bulb of the cranial hole, ending behind the breast-clavical articulation.

Has own complicated structure. Intracranial tributaries of the inner jugular vein are the sinuses of the brain shell and veins, which fall here from the brain, as well as the vessels of the inner ear and the orclass.

In the anatomy, the following extra charges of internal jugular veins are distinguished:

1. plug. These vascular dissemination of blood plexus: pharynx, soft sky, hearing tube;
2. pagonia (deep, dorsal and subwoiling vein);
3. upper thyroid, which includes the upper gentle and sternum-curable-cottage vein;
4. facial, including lipad, outer sky, deep, hopeless, angular veins;
5. immediately adolescent, passing the bottom of the lower jaw through the parole.

Functions

Jugular veins, including inner jugular veins, perform two main functions:

1. the output of blood saturated with carbon dioxide, toxins and other waste of vital activity from the cells of the brain, its bark and other organs of the head back to the heart, thus providing blood circulation;
2. regulation Distribution of blood in the head.

Diseases

Like any part human organismThe inner jugular vein is subject to a number of diseases.

• Phlebitis

1. Flebitis is the inflammatory process of the walls of the vessels. Under this title, a whole group of diseases having similar symptoms are hidden:
2. perifelhibit - inflammation of subcutaneous fiber. A characteristic feature of pathology is the swelling at the place of the defeat with the preservation of normal blood flow;
3. flebit, in which inflammation is just starting to affect the wall of the vessel. Edema becomes quite painful, but the bloodstream is not yet disturbed;
4. purulent thrombophlebitis. In this case, the inflammatory process of all words of the vessel wall is developing. Edema in the place of the defeat is quite strong and painful, and a local increase in temperature is felt on the touch. At the same time, blood flow is broken (sometimes completely overlaps), which further aggravates the situation.

The reasons for the development of phlebitis are:

• injury or other injury;
• the development of the purulent process in nearby tissues;
• increased infection in medical manipulations, for example, when installing a catheter or a hole;
• random hit medicinal preparation (Most often, such a process causes the incorrect administration of calcium chloride).

Treatment is to use drugs aimed at eliminating the inflammatory hearth. To do this, you can use ointments and gels, such as diclofenac, ibuprofen and others.

In addition, appliances should be applied for:

1. improving blood microcirculation;
2. blood dilution;
3. strengthening vascular walls.

• Ectasia

Ectacasia is an expansion of the lumen in Vienna on a specific area. The disease can be both congenital and associated with age-related changes organism.

The symptoms of the Etterasia is not too obvious. In this case, the zone of the defeat simply blows a little, a bluish leather shade may appear. As the disease progresses, malfunction may appear, pain, difficulty inhale.

The reasons for the development of the Etopasia are most often:

1. head injuries or spine;
2. hypertension, ischemia and myocardial diseases;
3. the inability of the valves to output the blood in full, due to which the surplus accumulates in Vienna, stretching it;
4. leukemia and other oncological diseases;
5. prolonged immobility of the body due to diseases of the spine.

• Chine thrombosis

The cervical thrombosis is a disease characterized by the appearance of platelet bunches.

Most frequent reasons The development of cervical thrombosis is:

• infectious or hormonal diseases due to which blood is thickened;
• frequent overvoltage;
• receiving hormonal contacitis women after 35 years;
• severe dehydration of the body;
• durable immobility of the body.

As factors contributing to the development of cervical thrombosis, are:

• features of blood composition. Fast coatability is good, but too thick blood can cause thrombosis. Cause a change in blood composition can radiation and chemotherapy;
• problems with blood flow. Cardiovascular diseases, malignant tumors - All this can adversely affect the speed of blood flow and cause stagnation of blood in a jugular vein;
• violation of the integrity of the wall of the vessel. To eliminate injury, the blood is baked in the place of damage, and blood is formed.

The symptom of the neck thrombosis is rapidly increasing swelling, itching or skin numbness, the appearance of a sharp pain.

The main danger is not so much a violation of blood flow, how much risk of tomb tomb. In the event that it blocks the vessel in a light, heart or brain, death will be instantaneous.

As treatment, the same drugs are used as for a phlebitis, adding anticbandsmalithic and painkillers to them. In exceptional cases, the operation can be recommended.

Diagnostics

In the event of the first signs of phlebitis, existence or neck thrombosis, it should be immediately applied to the therapist that will write directions for research:

1. thrombodynamics - determination of blood coagulation rate. Typically, blood is taken from hand, but sometimes it may be necessary to puncture internal jugular veins;
2. thromboelastography - laboratory study, allowing to trace all the processes occurring during blood reducing;
3. tests of pruresbered time - determination of the amount of protein protein and blood reducing rate;
4. Ultrasound, with the help of which the rate of blood flow is determined, as well as the features of the anatomy of the inner jugular vein;
5. magnetically resonant and computed tomography, allowing to determine the state of each layer of the vessel.

General forecasts

In case of accurate diagnosis of the problem and timely treatment, treatment prediction is favorable. But in any case, it is necessary to start treatment as soon as possible in order not to launch the disease.

As preventive measures should be completely abandoned smoking, normalize the diet and adhere to moderate physical activity.

Conclusion

Thus, the inner jugular vein plays a large role in the bloodstream organs located in the head. Developing pathologies may have serious consequences, up to death, so it is not necessary to launch treatment.

As a rule, treatment is sufficiently simple and does not require surgical intervention.

There are many large vessels on the person's neck, one of them is the outer jugular vein. Its main function is considered to collect venous blood from the neck, brain, eye and head area. Any damage to this vessel can lead to various diseases requiring immediate treatment.

To avoid severe consequences, you need to have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe anatomy of the circulatory system and, of course, carefully follow your health.

Brief certificate

The outer jugular vein has an average diameter and is close close to the skin.

This vein is a pair of large vessels:

1. a ear vessel (located behind the back of the ear shell);
2. the vessel connecting the Outside Vienna itself and the undertakeless venous trunk.

Outdoor jugular veins have branches and valves.

With this vessel connects:

• transverse cervical veins;
• front jugular vein;
• supply and rear vein;
• calcular branch.

Location

A person unfamiliar to medicine is likely to be difficult to immediately understand where the outer jugular vein is located. This vessel originates under own sink (approximately opposite the angle of the lower jaw) and goes down the outer surface of the clarity-sneaker muscle to its rear edge. From there Vienna penetrates through the fascia of the neck, and then flows into the inner jugular vein, either in the venous angle, or to a subclavian vein.

Due to the fact that the outer vein is in close proximity to the skin on the front of the neck, it can be easily seen if a person turns his head, start coughing, screaming or strain.

Main functions

The outer jugular vein, like the whole system of jugular veins, plays an important role in human life.

This vessel is necessary in order to:

1. divert the blood saturated with carbon dioxide, toxic substances and other decay products, from the brain and head towards the heart muscle;
2. provide a normal circulation of blood flow in the cerebral region.

If for any reason the functions of the jugular vein will be broken, the body will threaten a serious danger. With small violations, a person may feel easy malaise, headaches, etc. Heavy disorders can lead to the development of hazardous diseases (including the brain pathologies), which, in turn, can even provoke a fatal outcome.

Possible diseases

Several most common diseases of the metering veins can be distinguished:

1. Flebit (inflammation of the walls of Vienna). Depending on the degree of disease, such symptoms may appear in the patient as swelling and swelling on the neck, pain, acute inflammatory process (incl. Purulent), violation of blood outlet, etc.
2. Thrombosis (the formation of blood closed blood closure). A person who has been identified by thrombosis may experience sharp pain in the area of \u200b\u200bthe clavicle and neck, giving in hand. Also, the manifestations of the disease include the soreness of the neck, the formation of the skin, swelling, itching, chills, etc.
3. Etheasia (extension of the clearance of the vessel). The main symptoms of this pathology are the increase and swelling of the veins, the feeling of suturing in the neck, appearing during the slopes and rotation of the head, pain, respiratory impairment, voice loss.

The most important danger of the above diseases is that the affected veins are in close proximity to the brain. Therefore, any pathology of vessels can lead to a violation of the brain work and other more severe consequences.

The reasons

There are a lot of reasons because of which diseases of the jugular veins are developing.

Most often are pathological conditions arise under the influence of the following factors:

• injuries mechanical damage neck;
• infectious diseases;
• chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system (hypertension, ischemia, etc.);
• cervical osteochondrosis;
• tumors localized in the cervical spine;
• blood stagnation arising due to a sedentary lifestyle;
• physical overload;
• reception of hormonal drugs;
• dehydration, etc.

Treatment methods

The person who has inflamed or hurt the jugular veins must necessarily consult a doctor. The treatment of vascular pathologies is usually engaged in surgeons, phlebologists and hematologists.

Depending on the type and degree of the disease, the doctor may assign to its patient:

• anti-inflammatory and painkillers;
• preparations, thinning blood, absorbing blood clots and stimulating blood circulation;
• medicines, tonic veins and strengthening walls of vessels.

In some cases, the patient will be shown the operation. Surgical intervention can be conclusted in the removal of blood clots, excision of the affected fabric, etc. It is not worth afraid of such manipulations, because Such procedures are capable not only to save, but also to extend the life of a person.

In custody

From the state of the outer jugular vein depends on the work of the brain and other nearby organs. Anyone must necessarily follow the vessels and with any noticeable failure to contact the doctor. Only a responsible approach to its body will help to maintain health for many years.

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Content

The human brain receives nutrients and oxygen through blood, so its influx is extremely important to it. No less significant blood outflow. In the case of its stagnation in the brain, processes with destructive consequences can begin. Blood outflow from the brain provides a special vessel. The inner jugular vein is located on the right side, weakly covered with the subcutaneous muscle and is a convenient place for conducting catheterization, along with an elbow.

What is the metering vein

They are also called yugularis (Jugularis) are vascular trunks intended for removal of the blood-saturated blood from the head and neck to the subclavian vessel. Sometimes they converge, forming the middle vein of the neck. Internal, exempt from blood cranial sinus, the beginning of the skull has the beginning. Here the vessel accompanying the occipital artery flows into it, and also the rear ear veins. Next, it descends to the point where the clavicles and the chest come back. It connects with other vessels, forming a shoulder venous highway.

The outer jugular artery has smaller sizes, appointing it: to divert blood from the outer part of the neck and head. In this vessel insert catheters for entering medical preparations. In the outer, the trunk of the neck of the neck, connecting with the appropriate vein. Front Yugular Vienna is one of the smallest among them. Its beginning is located in the chin area.

Anatomy

Most of the blood removes the inner vein from the head. It has a diameter of 11 to 21 mm. The scheme of its location and tributaries is as follows. Start having a cranial yugular hole, it goes down, forming a sigmoid sinus, and further to the clavicle. Near the place where it joins it connected Viennawhich is formed by fusion of the outer vessel with the axillary. On the inner vein there is a thickening, called the lower extension, over which the valves are located.

In the yapper of the temporal bone there is an upper bulb of the jugular vein, as its small expansion is called. The internal veins are believed to include both extra charge and intracranial. The first is the tributaries of the facial vessels connecting with transverse anastomoses with the inner veins along its entire length. In the lower part of the neck, venous trunks converge in the shape of the letter V, called the meter. The anterior yugular vein is in the chin part, which is formed by the surface plexus of venous trunks in a small area.

The compounds in the head of the intermediate intermediate space, the front veins form a jugular venous arc. Intracranial tributaries are sinuses of a solid cerebral shell, in which the veins lead to the brain. They are venous collectors. Sine is connected to trunks and venous plexuses. An important transverse sine is in a furrow of the occipital bone, in the vasching area of \u200b\u200bthe occipital vascular barrel with other vessels.

Exhausting tributaries remove blood from pharyngeal plexus. Intracranial and extra charge veins merge through ligaments drawn through the cavity of the skull. The location of the veins of the jugular directly under the skin makes it easy to grope and notice it if a person coughes or shouts, and sometimes at any other voltage. The transverse sine is located in the furrow of the occipital bone, connects with the sigmoid sine and the occipital brain veins.

In the space between the walled muscles and the branch of the lower jaw there is a walled venous plexus. From here, blood flows through a network of large vessels, with which the anastomoses of the facial veins are connected. The upper thyroid vein passes near the artery of the same name and reaches the facial and inner jugular venous stems. Panitary are dorsal and deep veins of the language. In a large horn of sub-band bone, they merge into one barrel of the pagan veins. Yarema characterizes the presence of a developed anastomosis.

Functions

Vascular trunks are critical for the functioning of the human body. Functions is:

• The removal of carbon dioxide and other products of the vital activity of blood from the brain towards the heart.
• Formation of blood circulation in the brain area.

Pathology

When screaming, tension, crying from all people, from babies to adults, vessels can appear, often on the right. This is the norm, although it is often concerned about the new parents. Problems with vessels often occur in old age, but if there are innate defects, they can manifest themselves at a young age. Changes include:

• Thrombosis.
• Expansion of the vessel.
• The consequences of inflammation (phlebitis).
• Congenital defects, dilatation.

Phlebektasia

Expansion of the jugular vein is a common phenomenon. Deadly affects a person of any sex and age. Etheasia of the jugular vein arises due to problems with valves leading to blood stag. Deals are often a consequence of diseases. Often, the Etheasia is manifested in women and the elderly. With age, the connective tissue of the vessels is weakened, varicose veins arises, which leads to a violation of the functioning of the valves. In women, similar problems occur during hormonal restructuring.

Due to the deep occurrence of the vessel inside, extasia is difficult to distinguish. Violations of the vascular barrel outside are noticeable to the naked eye. Observed phlebectasia with the right inner jugular vein. It can be almost imperceptible. The appearance of unpleasant sensations on the neck is possible, especially strong when screaming. Serious Etheasia can change the voice, make it difficult to breathe.

Among the main causes of the ailment:

• Injury, injury.
• Passive lifestyle.
• Valve problems.
• Heart diseases.
• Leukemia.
• New formation.
• Anomalous work of the endocrine system.

Phlebitis

The reason for the appearance of the ailment often becomes the inflammatory process in the middle ear, the tissues of the mastoid process. If it is a contaminated thrombus, then its particles can spread through the body along with the infection. With thrombophlebitis, the patient feels pain, the swelling occurs, swelling, accompanied by symptoms of intoxication. The spread of infection may be accompanied by tachycardia, rash, fever, shortness of breath. The reason for the phlebitis can be:

• injury or bruise;
• infection;
• distribution of medication in tissues near the vessel.

Thrombosis

The blockage of the blood clot vessel leads to a violation of blood flow. The view is common that the thrombus is the pathology of the femoral, lower hollow or iliac vein, but blockage can be formed in deep yugular vessels and their branches. It leads to a strong headache and painful feelings in the neck when trying to turn the head, a pronounced venous drawing appears, the swelling of the face. In some cases, pain turns into hand. The blockage is expressed in the seal. Among the reasons:

• Problems with blood clotting.
• The consequence of operations, installation of catheters.
• New formation.
• Long period of immobility.
• Hormone use.
• Pathology internal organs, inflammation and infections.

Aneurysm

It is a rare pathology manifested in children aged two to seven years. The abnormal cause of the fetus development anomaly, leading to incorrect development connective tissue vessel. An aneurysta is manifested as an extension of the vascular trunk, increasing when the child laughs, shouts or crying. Among the symptoms: problems with sleep, increased fatigue, headache, Restless behavior.

Methods of treating pathologies

Flebectasia does not bear danger to life and is a cosmetic defect. You can remove by means of a one-sided dressing of the vessel, at which the outflow of venous blood will take over collaterals and vessels located on the other side. Thrombophlebitis requires surgical operation To remove the "patient" vessel, eliminating both thrombotic formations. Treatment of one-way thrombosis implies conservative methods. To eliminate venous aneurysm, resection of malformation is used.

For treatment uses such medicines:

It is an antipyretic, anesthetic and anti-inflammatory drug. Used after operations or injuries to remove pain, swelling. There are contraindications: individual sensitivity to the components of the drug.

Lowers the temperature, relieves inflammation, has an anesthetic effect. Ibuprofen can not addiction, it does not produce depressing action on the central nervous system.

Used to prevent, on initial stages Vascular diseases are recommended for pregnant women and those who lead a sedentary lifestyle. The drug is able to eliminate swelling and inflammation, has a beneficial effect on the walls of the vessels, makes capillaries less stretchable, increases their tone. Slightly thinning blood, it contributes to her outflow. The drug favors the saturation of oxygen vessels.

Reduces capillary permeability and effective if the patient has venous-lymphatic failure, varicose extension. The drug is characterized by good tolerability, low toxicity, contraindicated only with individual susceptibility to its components and women, nursing.

High-quality blood outflow from the brain serves as the basis for the existence of the human body. Despite the developed network of all vessels of the human body, only jugular veins play a major role in ensuring normal brain metabolism.

Anatomical features and abnormalities of the structure

The three large vessels of the top hollow vein transporting blood from the head in the side of the neck are called jugular or yugular veins. These include the inner jugular vein, the outer jugular vein and the anterior Yugular Vienna.

The largest vessel that contributes to the ejection of blood from the cranial sinus is the internal jugular vein. The inner jugular vein originates in the sigular hole of the skull, continues to the sigmoid sinus in solid brain sheathwhere goes down through sleepy artery. To the place of connection of the clavicle and sternum.

The second in size and significance is the outer jugular vein, which is less than a diameter, is under the skin tissue and falls within the place of the rear-ear, venous blood vessels and the appropriate region. The functions of the outer-sigular vein include the collection of blood from the outer parts of the head and neck. This venous highway passes along the front surface of the neck down, where it is connected to the subclavian venous highway.

Since it is close under the skin, it can be easily discovered with palpation during passing, screaming or singing.

In the practice of intensive therapy, this vessel is used for setting peripheral cathetersTo make it easier to introduce drugs.

Front Yugular Vienna is one of the smallest vessels of this group. It is formed from the superficial chin vessels, goes below on the neck, where under the muscle connecting the sternum, the clavicle and the mastoid process, merges with the outer yugular vein and forms the middle venous vessel of the neck.

Development defects

To the congenital disease, which, although rare, is found, applies to the ectasia or aneurysm of the jugular veins. This pathology Diagnosed at biennium and requires surgical intervention. Its signs is a spherical protrusion on the walls of the vessel with muscle spasms.

You can detect this deviation visually when the child is tense, shouts - the protrusion is formed in the front area of \u200b\u200bthe neck. She is soft and does not cause pain.

The child complains of sore throat when swallowing, feeling squeezing and headaches. There is becklessness in the voice and slowdown in the child's growth. However, the existence of the sigular venous vessels is dangerous complications. Due to the destruction of the integrity of the venous wall, there is a violation of blood supply, which is fraught with the development of thrombophlebitis and the rupture of the metering vessel due to its expansion.

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The rupture of the jugular vein almost always ends with a lotally due to abundant blood loss, especially if the gap occurred outside the walls of the medical institution.

Not only the existence can become congenital anomaly. An innate defect is also a tireless vein hypoplasia. Clinical picture With this pathology depends on the degree of hypoplasia. With minor deviations, the development of the child and further life do not change, since the second yugular highway performs a compensatory function.

With a large degree of hypoplasia, especially bilateral may require surgical correction of vice, otherwise, blood outflow from the brain is much hampered. The difficulty of blood outflow will lead to unbearable headaches, vomiting, children are very lagged in development.

Changes in pathologies

One of the pathological processes passing directly in the yugular vein is thrombosis. Thrombosis of the metering vein is acute diseasecharacterized by the formation of thrombus in the lumen of the sigular vessel. Causes of illness are associated with violations in the human blood coagulation system. The resulting thrombus is a threat to a person's life.

The main manifestations of the disease serve pain in the neck on the affected side, difficulties because owl syndrome When turning the head. The asymmetry of the neck is clearly visible at the expense of the victim of the affected area.

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The disease is diagnosed with ultrasonic duplex scanning of the neck vessels. This pathology requires immediate treatment using standard thrombosis therapy schemes.

Since all vessels lie superficially, then at risk of injuries. This may occur during the damage to the neck. The jugular vein is a large vessel whose injury is accompanied by bleeding, including perhaps fatal.

Often, external changes of the jugular venous highways are not connected with pathology directly in them, but are a symptom of other heavy disorders. Such a symptom is the intense swollen jugular venous walls. This is found in the syndrome of the compression of the mediastinal organs by pathological formations, for example, tumors.

The outflow of blood from the yugular highways is broken, and the neck increases sharply in the amount of swollen vascular walls. The skin on the neck at the same time acquires a blue shade. In addition to the mediastinal syndrome, the swelling of blood vessels may cause the lack of right hearts.

Especially vividly visible changes in the neck with a dosed press on the liver area. To help the patient who collided with the problems of the swelling of the neck vessels, you can cure the main disease that caused the symptom.

Thus, the jugular veins perform an indispensable functions in the process of vital activity of the human body. Violations in the work of the yugular vessels may be associated both with their pathology themselves and other bodies and systems. With any violations in the functioning of these vessels, with the aim of preventing fatal complications, consultation of the attending specialist is necessary.

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At consultation with a cardiologist or surgeon, a patient can diagnose the expansion of the metering veins on the neck, the reasons for this phenomenon are different. Depending on the predisposing factors, prescribe a treatment scheme.

The function of the metering veins is to respond to the process of blood current from the brain to the neck. Thanks to these blood veins, the crude blood enters the heart muscle to make the filtering process.

The tier veins are divided into several types:

1. Internal. Located at the base of the skull, and its ending is in the area of \u200b\u200bthe subcipable fox. In this section, there lived the crude blood in the shoulder vessel.
2. The outer begins under the ear shell, goes down to the sternum and the clavicle, falls into the inner jugular vein, as well as the subclavian. This vessel has valves, processes.
3. The front originates from the outside of the maxillary-speaking muscle and flows next to the median cervical line. This vein enters the subclavian and outdoor, thereby forming a statement.

Why is this happening

When phlebectasia, valves and vessels are broken. The regulation of the flow of venous blood is suspended. Circuits arise. With a large number of such formations, dysfunction of the entire venous network is developing.

If the jugular vein is even a little extended, it is manifested by such symptoms:

• swelling of the cervical vessels, their increasing;
• the occurrence of a blue bag at the top section of the vein;
• edema of the neck;
• a feeling of compresses, which occurs when the head turns;
• breathing problems;
• pain when touched to the neck;
• voice loss.

Signs of pathology depend on the stage:

1. Plow vessels on the neck. The patient does not feel discomfort. A sign of pathology is detected during a visual inspection.
2. Painting pain. The patient has intravenous pressure, if it makes fast and sharp movements head.
3. Acute high intensity pains. Human voice is visible. Breathing is difficult.

With the expansion of the left or right internal jugular veins, there are violations in the circulatory system.

Phlebectasia may arise at any age. Probable reasons:

1. Injuries of the ribs on the left or right, neck, spinal column, which leads to stagnation of crude blood.
2. Shaking brain in history.
3. Osteochondrosis in the patient.
4. Pathology of the cardiovascular system. People with heart failure, ischemia, hypertensive disease suffer from phlebectasia.
5. Endocrine pathologies.
6. Long work at the computer.
7. Benign and malignant tumors.

For the development of the disease takes time. Even if a person has predisposing factors, this does not mean that he is already sick. It is necessary to follow health more carefully.

The predisposing factors include:

• insufficient development of connective tissue cells;
• hormonal restructuring in the body;
• injuries of the back, including fractures;
• intervertebral hernia;
• long stay in a noncomfortable posture;
• incorrect diet.

Hormonal causes of pathologies are more common in women. During puberty, during pregnancy there is a risk that Vienna swell.

Among other factors are depressive states, stress. The cervical end has nervous endings. If all is well, these endings form venous vessels High elasticity. But when a person is in stress, an intravenous pressure increases, which worsens elasticity lived.

Among other adverse factors:

• alcohol abuse;
• smoking;
• eating products with toxins;
• increased burden on the body - on physical and mental levels.

What to do

If there is an increase in the right or on the other side, there is a possibility that it is only the first stage. But it is not worth playing self-medication. With such a sign, you need to consult a doctor who, on the basis of a visual inspection, will diagnose.

To identify the pathology that has reached the second or third stage, research is carried out. If the patient comes to appoints with complaints of pain, there is a chance that blood flow is disturbed. The doctor appoints laboratory tests - OAK - and instrumental ways of research:

• KTG skull, as well as cervical, chest departments;
• Ultrasound of the same regions;
• MRI using a contrast agent;
• puncture for diagnostic purposes.

Sometimes we need a joint consultation of the vascular surgeon, therapist, neurologist, cardiologist, endocrinologist and a doctor specializing in oncological pathologies.

When prescribing treatment, take into account:

• localization of the disease;
• research results;
• the degree of exposure to the symptoms on the body.

For example, the presence of venous cervical seals on the right does not carry a significant threat. And the disease on the left side is more dangerous: there is a risk of impaired lymphosystem, if you carry out thorough diagnosis.

The patient can assign a course of drug therapy. Prescribe drugs capable of removing inflammatory processes, eliminate swelling, strengthen the vascular walls.

If the patient is diagnosed with the third stage, shown surgery. Conduct operations to remove affected areas lived. Healthy parts of the veins are connected to get a new vessel.

For the treatment of children use the same methods. During therapy in early age More often requires operational intervention.

What to do to prevent the occurrence of the disease - take preventive measures. Among them:

• avoiding excessive physical or mental loads;
• if possible, the lack of loads on cervical with predisposition to phlebects or primary signs of the extension of the Vienna;
• timely treatment of diseases capable of leading to phlebectsia;
• regular inspections from specialists - will help to identify the disease at an early stage and quickly cure;
• maintenance healthy image life;
• moderate sports activity;
• balanced diet.

Than dangerous phenomenon

It is important to prevent complications for which a lifestyle should be adjusted, especially if there were people with phlebectsia in the family.

Especially dangerous if pathology arose in a child. The disease is diagnosed immediately after birth, sometimes in 3-5 years. This indicates tumor-like neoplasms, extension of blood vessels, elevated temperature.

The complication becomes thrombosis. Inside the vessel is formed a clush. This indicates the presence of chronic diseases in the body. The danger of thrombus is that it can break away and block the functioning of vital lived.

Those who encountered thrombosis, the doctor recommends anticoagulants. Spasmolytics, vetonic nicotinic acid Apply to relieve inflammation, relax muscles, make blood more liquid. Preparations help both thrombus resorbing. With a successful therapeutic scheme, it is not necessary to carry out an operation.

To avoid complications, it is necessary when signs appear to come to the diagnosis and take therapeutic measures. If you do not control the course of the pathological process, consequences arise. For example, the affected area can break, hemorrhage will arise. The most unfavorable outcome is the death of the patient.

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